Critique Of Rationality

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Rationality

Author : Steven Pinker
Publisher : Penguin UK
ISBN 13 : 0241380308
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (413 download)

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Book Synopsis Rationality by : Steven Pinker

Download or read book Rationality written by Steven Pinker and published by Penguin UK. This book was released on 2021-09-28 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A TIMES BOOK OF THE YEAR 2021 'Punchy, funny and invigorating ... Pinker is the high priest of rationalism' Sunday Times 'If you've ever considered taking drugs to make yourself smarter, read Rationality instead. It's cheaper, more entertaining, and more effective' Jonathan Haidt, author of The Righteous Mind In the twenty-first century, humanity is reaching new heights of scientific understanding - and at the same time appears to be losing its mind. How can a species that discovered vaccines for Covid-19 in less than a year produce so much fake news, quack cures and conspiracy theorizing? In Rationality, Pinker rejects the cynical cliché that humans are simply an irrational species - cavemen out of time fatally cursed with biases, fallacies and illusions. After all, we discovered the laws of nature, lengthened and enriched our lives and set the benchmarks for rationality itself. Instead, he explains, we think in ways that suit the low-tech contexts in which we spend most of our lives, but fail to take advantage of the powerful tools of reasoning we have built up over millennia: logic, critical thinking, probability, causal inference, and decision-making under uncertainty. These tools are not a standard part of our educational curricula, and have never been presented clearly and entertainingly in a single book - until now. Rationality matters. It leads to better choices in our lives and in the public sphere, and is the ultimate driver of social justice and moral progress. Brimming with insight and humour, Rationality will enlighten, inspire and empower. 'A terrific book, much-needed for our time' Peter Singer

Pathologies of Rational Choice Theory

Author : Donald Green
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 0300187084
Total Pages : 415 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Pathologies of Rational Choice Theory by : Donald Green

Download or read book Pathologies of Rational Choice Theory written by Donald Green and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 1994-09-28 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first comprehensive critical evaluation of the use of rational choice theory in political science. Writing in an accessible and nontechnical style, Donald P. Green and Ian Shapiro assess rational choice theory where it is reputed to be most successful: the study of collective action, the behavior of political parties and politicians, and such phenomena as voting cycles and Prisoner's Dilemmas. In their hard-hitting critique, Green and Shapiro demonstrate that the much heralded achievements of rational choice theory are in fact deeply suspect and that fundamental rethinking is needed if rational choice theorists are to contribute to the understanding of politics. In their final chapters, they anticipate and respond to a variety of possible rational choice responses to their arguments, thereby initiating a dialogue that is bound to continue for some time.

Media of Reason

Author : Matthias Vogel
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231527756
Total Pages : 401 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (315 download)

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Book Synopsis Media of Reason by : Matthias Vogel

Download or read book Media of Reason written by Matthias Vogel and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2012-11-06 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Matthias Vogel challenges the belief, dominant in contemporary philosophy, that reason is determined solely by our discursive, linguistic abilities as communicative beings. In his view, the medium of language is not the only force of reason. Music, art, and other nonlinguistic forms of communication and understanding are also significant. Introducing an expansive theory of mind that accounts for highly sophisticated, penetrative media, Vogel advances a novel conception of rationality while freeing philosophy from its exclusive attachment to linguistics. Vogel's media of reason treats all kinds of understanding and thought, propositional and nonpropositional, as important to the processes and production of knowledge and thinking. By developing an account of rationality grounded in a new conception of media, he raises the profile of the prelinguistic and nonlinguistic dimensions of rationality and advances the Enlightenment project, buffering it against the postmodern critique that the movement fails to appreciate aesthetic experience. Guided by the work of Jürgen Habermas, Donald Davidson, and a range of media theorists, including Marshall McLuhan, Vogel rebuilds, if he does not remake, the relationship among various forms of media—books, movies, newspapers, the Internet, and television—while offering an original and exciting contribution to media theory.

Reason and Rationality

Author : Maria Cristina Amoretti
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
ISBN 13 : 3110325861
Total Pages : 254 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Reason and Rationality by : Maria Cristina Amoretti

Download or read book Reason and Rationality written by Maria Cristina Amoretti and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2013-05-02 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reason and rationality represent crucial elements of the self-image of human beings and have unquestionably been among the most debated issues in Western philosophy, dating from ancient Greece, through the Middle Ages, and to the present day. Many words and thoughts have already been spent trying to define the nature and standards of reason and rationality, what they could or ought to be, and under what conditions something can be said to be rational. This volume focuses instead on the relationships of reason and rationality to some relevant specific topics, i.e., science, knowledge, gender, politics, ethics, religion, aesthetics, language, logic, and metaphysics, trying to uncover and clarify both the connections and differences in their various characterisations and uses.

Rational Choice Theory and Organizational Theory

Author : Mary Zey
Publisher : SAGE
ISBN 13 : 9780803951365
Total Pages : 156 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (513 download)

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Book Synopsis Rational Choice Theory and Organizational Theory by : Mary Zey

Download or read book Rational Choice Theory and Organizational Theory written by Mary Zey and published by SAGE. This book was released on 1998 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rational Choice Theory and Organizational Theory is written in response to the neo-classical economic rational choice theories and organizational economic theories which have emerged in the past decade and gained center stage in current organizational analysis.

Objectivism and the Corruption of Rationality

Author : Scott Ryan
Publisher : iUniverse
ISBN 13 : 0595267335
Total Pages : 434 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (952 download)

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Book Synopsis Objectivism and the Corruption of Rationality by : Scott Ryan

Download or read book Objectivism and the Corruption of Rationality written by Scott Ryan and published by iUniverse. This book was released on 2003-01-27 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ayn Rand presented Objectivism as a philosophy of reason. But is it? That is the question Scott Ryan seeks to answer in this careful examination of the Objectivist epistemology and its alleged sufficiency as the philosophical foundation of a free and prosperous commonwealth. Sorting painstakingly through Rand's writings on the subject, Mr. Ryan concludes that the epistemology of Objectivism is incoherent and debases both the concept and the practice of rationality.

Karl Popper's Philosophy of Science

Author : Stefano Gattei
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134182953
Total Pages : 154 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (341 download)

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Book Synopsis Karl Popper's Philosophy of Science by : Stefano Gattei

Download or read book Karl Popper's Philosophy of Science written by Stefano Gattei and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2008-10-16 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rectifying misrepresentations of Popperian thought with a historical approach to Popper’s philosophy, Gattei reconstructs the logic of Popper’s development to show how one problem and its tentative solution led to a new problem.

The Limits of Rationality

Author : Karen Schweers Cook
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226742415
Total Pages : 436 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (267 download)

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Book Synopsis The Limits of Rationality by : Karen Schweers Cook

Download or read book The Limits of Rationality written by Karen Schweers Cook and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2008-10-03 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prevailing economic theory presumes that agents act rationally when they make decisions, striving to maximize the efficient use of their resources. Psychology has repeatedly challenged the rational choice paradigm with persuasive evidence that people do not always make the optimal choice. Yet the paradigm has proven so successful a predictor that its use continues to flourish, fueled by debate across the social sciences over why it works so well. Intended to introduce novices to rational choice theory, this accessible, interdisciplinary book collects writings by leading researchers. The Limits of Rationality illuminates the rational choice paradigm of social and political behavior itself, identifies its limitations, clarifies the nature of current controversies, and offers suggestions for improving current models. In the first section of the book, contributors consider the theoretical foundations of rational choice. Models of rational choice play an important role in providing a standard of human action and the bases for constitutional design, but do they also succeed as explanatory models of behavior? Do empirical failures of these explanatory models constitute a telling condemnation of rational choice theory or do they open new avenues of investigation and theorizing? Emphasizing analyses of norms and institutions, the second and third sections of the book investigate areas in which rational choice theory might be extended in order to provide better models. The contributors evaluate the adequacy of analyses based on neoclassical economics, the potential contributions of game theory and cognitive science, and the consequences for the basic framework when unequal bargaining power and hierarchy are introduced.

Critical Theory of Technology

Author : Andrew Feenberg
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Critical Theory of Technology by : Andrew Feenberg

Download or read book Critical Theory of Technology written by Andrew Feenberg and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1991 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This pathbreaking book argues that the roots of the degradation of labor, education, and the environment lie not in technology per se but in the cultural values embodied in its design.

Critique of Rationality

Author : John E. O'Brien
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 900427264X
Total Pages : 318 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Critique of Rationality by : John E. O'Brien

Download or read book Critique of Rationality written by John E. O'Brien and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2016-09-07 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In his Critique of Rationality, John Eustice O’Brien proposes a fascinating rectification for the distortion of technical necessity in Western Society due to unbridled instrumental reason. He begins with a review of this issue first raised by the Early German Romantics as discussed by Isaiah Berlin and Walter Benjamin. Following French social philosopher Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s radically different apperceptive epistemology, he explores the possibility of a social world in which each is anchored by a préobjective disposition to meaning based on the intersubjective presence of all. This justifies the postulate of aesthetic-consciousness as the site of socialization in communities of meaning, as a frame for judgment and creativity. The struggle must continue for awakening that consciousness if an open society is to be realized.

Collective Rationality and Collective Reasoning

Author : Christopher McMahon
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521011785
Total Pages : 266 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (117 download)

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Book Synopsis Collective Rationality and Collective Reasoning by : Christopher McMahon

Download or read book Collective Rationality and Collective Reasoning written by Christopher McMahon and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2001-08-06 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book examines the issue of rational cooperation, especially cooperation between people with conflicting moral commitments. The first part considers how the two main aspects of cooperation - the choice by a group of a particular cooperative scheme and the decision by each member to contribute to that scheme - can be understood as guided by reason. The second part explores how the activity of reasoning itself can take a cooperative form. The book is distinctive in offering an account of what people can accomplish by reasoning together, of the role of deliberation in democratic decision making, and of the negotiation of the proper use of concepts. Presenting for the first time a detailed analysis of the general problem of cooperation and collective reasoning between people with different moral commitments, this book will be of particular interest to philosophers of the social sciences and to students in political science, sociology and economics." --Cambridge Press.

Reason and Rationality

Author : Jon Elster
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780691139005
Total Pages : 92 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (39 download)

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Book Synopsis Reason and Rationality by : Jon Elster

Download or read book Reason and Rationality written by Jon Elster and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the world's most important political philosophers, Jon Elster is a leading thinker on reason and rationality and their roles in politics and public life. In this short book, he crystallizes and advances his work, bridging the gap between philosophers who use the idea of reason to assess human behavior from a normative point of view and social scientists who use the idea of rationality to explain behavior. In place of these approaches, Elster proposes a unified conceptual framework for the study of behavior. Drawing on classical moralists as well as modern scholarship, and using a wealth of historical and contemporary illustrations, Reason and Rationality marks a new development in Elster's thinking while at the same time providing a brief, elegant, and accessible introduction to his work.

Sources of Knowledge

Author : Andrea Kern
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674416112
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (744 download)

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Book Synopsis Sources of Knowledge by : Andrea Kern

Download or read book Sources of Knowledge written by Andrea Kern and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2017-01-02 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How can human beings, who are liable to error, possess knowledge, since the grounds on which we believe do not rule out that we are wrong? Andrea Kern argues that we can disarm this skeptical doubt by conceiving knowledge as an act of a rational capacity. In this book, she develops a metaphysics of the mind as existing through knowledge of itself.

Decision Theory and Rationality

Author : José Luis Bermúdez
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191609455
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis Decision Theory and Rationality by : José Luis Bermúdez

Download or read book Decision Theory and Rationality written by José Luis Bermúdez and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2009-02-19 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The concept of rationality is a common thread through the human and social sciences — from political science to philosophy, from economics to sociology, and from management science to decision analysis. But what counts as rational action and rational behavior? José Luis Bermúdez explores decision theory as a theory of rationality. Decision theory is the mathematical theory of choice and for many social scientists it makes the concept of rationality mathematically tractable and scientifically legitimate. Yet rationality is a concept with several dimensions and the theory of rationality has different roles to play. It plays an action-guiding role (prescribing what counts as a rational solution of a given decision problem). It plays a normative role (giving us the tools to pass judgment not just on how a decision problem was solved, but also on how it was set up in the first place). And it plays a predictive/explanatory role (telling us how rational agents will behave, or why they did what they did). This controversial but accessible book shows that decision theory cannot play all of these roles simultaneously. And yet, it argues, no theory of rationality can play one role without playing the other two. The conclusion is that there is no hope of taking decision theory as a theory of rationality.

The Paradoxical Rationality of Søren Kierkegaard

Author : Richard Phillip McCombs
Publisher : Indiana University Press
ISBN 13 : 0253006473
Total Pages : 261 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (53 download)

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Book Synopsis The Paradoxical Rationality of Søren Kierkegaard by : Richard Phillip McCombs

Download or read book The Paradoxical Rationality of Søren Kierkegaard written by Richard Phillip McCombs and published by Indiana University Press. This book was released on 2013-03-04 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Richard McCombs presents Søren Kierkegaard as an author who deliberately pretended to be irrational in many of his pseudonymous writings in order to provoke his readers to discover the hidden and paradoxical rationality of faith. Focusing on pseudonymous works by Johannes Climacus, McCombs interprets Kierkegaardian rationality as a striving to become a self consistently unified in all its dimensions: thinking, feeling, willing, acting, and communicating. McCombs argues that Kierkegaard's strategy of feigning irrationality is sometimes brilliantly instructive, but also partly misguided. This fresh reading of Kierkegaard addresses an essential problem in the philosophy of religion—the relation between faith and reason.

Incarnate: Schism

Author : Thomas Harper
Publisher : Thomas Harper
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 618 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (561 download)

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Book Synopsis Incarnate: Schism by : Thomas Harper

Download or read book Incarnate: Schism written by Thomas Harper and published by Thomas Harper. This book was released on 2020-10-09 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nineteen years after the events of Incarnate: Essence, Eshe finds himself reincarnated again. This time, because of the experimentations on Eshe’s brain, there are two reincarnations: Ivan Volkov and Samira Zahedi. Ivan, embracing the nihilism of his reincarnation and the crumbling of human society, has abandoned any hope of creating a better future. Instead, Ivan settles into a life of hedonism as a member of a brutal eastern Russian gang obsessed with death known as Bessmernyi. An assignment that takes Ivan into war-torn China will drag him back into contact with Imelda, the reincarnation of Jiang Wei. The other incarnation, Samira Zahedi, was reborn in Iran where she has become a leader in a local Forty-Eights group. The group attempts to look into the Sovereign corporation’s strange black sites in the region all the while maintaining a fragile peace amongst violent factions that sprung up after Israel nuked Iran and then began occupying it. During a radiation storm caused by the nuclear fallout, people in Isfahan are mysteriously murdered. While Samira unravels the meaning of these murders, the Immortal Legion, the African liberation group started by Sachi, begins to erupt out of Africa, conquering the Middle East. Once again, savage warfare, uncanny technology, corporate greed, religious extremists, and human augmentation are drastically altering the world that Ivan and Samira must navigate while attempting to ensure a tolerable future. Although unable to truly die, neither Ivan nor Samira will ever be the same.

Critics of Enlightenment Rationalism

Author : Gene Callahan
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030425991
Total Pages : 313 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Critics of Enlightenment Rationalism by : Gene Callahan

Download or read book Critics of Enlightenment Rationalism written by Gene Callahan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-05-13 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview of some of the most important critics of “Enlightenment rationalism.” The subjects of the volume—including, among others, Burke, Kierkegaard, Nietzsche, T.S. Eliot, Wittgenstein, Heidegger, C.S. Lewis, Gabriel Marcel, Russell Kirk, and Jane Jacobs—do not share a philosophical tradition as much as a skeptical disposition toward the notion, common among modern thinkers, that there is only one standard of rationality or reasonableness, and that that one standard is or ought to be taken from the presuppositions, methods, and logic of the natural sciences. The essays on each thinker are intended not merely to offer a commentary on that thinker, but also to place that thinker in the context of this larger stream of anti-rationalist thought. Thus, while this volume is not a history of anti-rationalist thought, it may contain the intimations of such a history.