Crime Opportunity Theories

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Crime Opportunity Theories

Author : Mangai Natarajan
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351570692
Total Pages : 1005 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (515 download)

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Book Synopsis Crime Opportunity Theories by : Mangai Natarajan

Download or read book Crime Opportunity Theories written by Mangai Natarajan and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 1005 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Opportunity theories of crime seek to explain the occurrence of crime rather than simply the existence of criminal dispositions. They emphasize the fundamental element in the criminal act of opportunity: how this arises, how it is perceived, evaluated and acted on by those with criminal dispositions. This volume brings together influential research articles on opportunity theories of crime by leading theorists such as Cohen and Felson on routine activity theory and Clarke and Cornish on the bounded rational choice perspective. The articles also include more recent theoretical developments and studies of situational crime prevention of specific twenty-first century crimes. These articles attest to the sheer volume as well to as the richness and the variety of work designed to reduce crime that has forever changed the face of criminology and criminal justice.

CPTED and Traditional Security Countermeasures

Author : Lawrence Fennelly
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9781138489745
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (897 download)

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Book Synopsis CPTED and Traditional Security Countermeasures by : Lawrence Fennelly

Download or read book CPTED and Traditional Security Countermeasures written by Lawrence Fennelly and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CTPED and Traditional Security Countermeasures: 150 Things You Should Know is a handy reference for both seasoned professionals and those just starting out in security and law enforcement. Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) is a foundational concept to physical security and can be incorporated widely in security policies, plans, and procedures. It has proven effective over the many years insofar as building and campus design, security architecture, and creating an overall security culture in any workplace. The authors have collected a broad array of topics together, garnered through their many years of real-world experience in the field. Security solutions that address a wide range of physical security challenges are presented in an easy to follow format. Security practitioners and law enforcement professionals alike will find practical tips to understand and manage their security program, including access control, target hardening, command and control, physical security protections, and visitor management, among a myriad of other topics. This will be a must-have reference for professionals looking for real-world recommendations for physical security solutions.

Criminal Circumstance

Author : Kenneth Land
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 135152495X
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (515 download)

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Book Synopsis Criminal Circumstance by : Kenneth Land

Download or read book Criminal Circumstance written by Kenneth Land and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-02-06 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main objective of this book is to propose an alternative criminal opportunity theory. The authors build upon social control and routine activities to develop a dynamic, multi-contextual criminal opportunity theory. Emphasizing the importance of contextual explanations of criminal acts, they propose two levels of analysis: individual and environmental. At each level, the theory pivots on three broad organizing constructs--offenders motivated to commit criminal acts, targets such as persons or property suitable as objects of criminal acts, and the presence or absence of individuals or other defensive mechanisms capable of serving as guardians against criminal acts. Crime is profoundly real, possessing qualities that make its occurrence and prevention pressing and persistent matters for individuals and societies. Theory, in contrast, is seen as highly abstract and removed from the seriousness of "real life." Theory almost seems to be a peculiar sport of an academic class. The practically minded, even some academic criminologists, are often perplexed by the seeming obsession some scholars have with theory, which, after all, is nothing more than an explanation of facts. The practically minded, seeing a compelling need to identify the crucial factors that could be used to predict and prevent crime, wonder why anyone would invest precious time and energy into speculating about the abstract, underlying details of why crime occurs when and where it does.The authors contend that every intervention, prevention, and policy is based on some theoretical explanation of the causes of human behavior. The improvement of interventions, preventions, and policies is thus directly related to the improvement of theoretical understandings of the abstract, underlying details of the causes of crime. The development of explanations of events, when properly done, is a crucial component to understanding and possibly improving the "real world." This work does just that.

Criminal Circumstance

Author : Pamela Wilcox
Publisher : Transaction Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9780202365282
Total Pages : 268 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (652 download)

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Book Synopsis Criminal Circumstance by : Pamela Wilcox

Download or read book Criminal Circumstance written by Pamela Wilcox and published by Transaction Publishers. This book was released on with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main objective of this book is to propose an alternative criminal opportunity theory. The authors build upon social control and routine activities to develop a dynamic, multi-contextual criminal opportunity theory. Emphasizing the importance of contextual explanations of criminal acts, they propose two levels of analysis: individual and environmental. At each level, the theory pivots on three broad organizing constructs--offenders motivated to commit criminal acts, targets such as persons or property suitable as objects of criminal acts, and the presence or absence of individuals or other defensive mechanisms capable of serving as guardians against criminal acts. Crime is profoundly real, possessing qualities that make its occurrence and prevention pressing and persistent matters for individuals and societies. Theory, in contrast, is seen as highly abstract and removed from the seriousness of "real life." Theory almost seems to be a peculiar sport of an academic class. The practically minded, even some academic criminologists, are often perplexed by the seeming obsession some scholars have with theory, which, after all, is nothing more than an explanation of facts. The practically minded, seeing a compelling need to identify the crucial factors that could be used to predict and prevent crime, wonder why anyone would invest precious time and energy into speculating about the abstract, underlying details of why crime occurs when and where it does. The authors contend that every intervention, prevention, and policy is based on some theoretical explanation of the causes of human behavior. The improvement of interventions, preventions, and policies is thus directly related to the improvement of theoretical understandings of the abstract, underlying details of the causes of crime. The development of explanations of events, when properly done, is a crucial component to understanding and possibly improving the "real world." This work does just that.

Opportunity Makes the Thief

Author : Marcus Felson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 50 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Opportunity Makes the Thief by : Marcus Felson

Download or read book Opportunity Makes the Thief written by Marcus Felson and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Theories of Crime Through Popular Culture

Author : Sarah E. Daly
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030544346
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Theories of Crime Through Popular Culture by : Sarah E. Daly

Download or read book Theories of Crime Through Popular Culture written by Sarah E. Daly and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-11-25 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook brings criminology theories to life through a wide range of popular works in film, television and video games including 13 Reasons Why, Game of Thrones, The Office, and Super Mario Bros, from a variety of contributors. It serves as an engaging and creative introduction to both traditional and modern theories by applying them to more accessible, non-criminal justice settings. It helps students to think more broadly like critical criminologists and to identify these theories in everyday life and modern culture. It encourages them to continue their learning outside of the classroom and includes discussion questions following each chapter. The chapters use extracts from the original works and support the assertions with research and commentary. This textbook will help engage students in the basics of criminology theory from the outset.

Crime as Opportunity

Author : Patricia Mayhew
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Crime as Opportunity by : Patricia Mayhew

Download or read book Crime as Opportunity written by Patricia Mayhew and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: biblio.

Understanding White-Collar Crime

Author : Michael L. Benson
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134487576
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (344 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding White-Collar Crime by : Michael L. Benson

Download or read book Understanding White-Collar Crime written by Michael L. Benson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-11-20 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unlike other books of its kind, Understanding White-Collar Crime: An Opportunity Perspective uses a coherent theoretical perspective in its coverage of white-collar crime. Using opportunity perspective, or the assumption that all crimes depend on offenders having some sort of opportunity to commit an offense, allows the authors to uncover the processes leading up to white-collar crimes and offer potential solutions to this rampant issue, without being reductive in their treatment of the topic. With this second edition, Benson and Simpson have greatly expanded their coverage to include new case studies, substantive materials, and an annotated appendix of online resources to make this a core book for courses on white-collar crime.

Control Theories of Crime and Delinquency

Author : Michael Gottfredson
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351323709
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (513 download)

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Book Synopsis Control Theories of Crime and Delinquency by : Michael Gottfredson

Download or read book Control Theories of Crime and Delinquency written by Michael Gottfredson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-30 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the past twenty to thirty years, control theories of crime have been at the center of theoretical development in criminology. Key to the control theory perspective is the notion that crime is an inherently individual act, and its explanation requires that we focus on the characteristics of individuals who commit crimes. Consequently, control theory focuses on such issues as self-control and social control. The contributions to this volume explicate and extend the application of control theory. It is divided into three general areas. Part 1 focuses on key assumptions and components of control theories. Contributors discuss the notion of learning, or socialization, in the context of control theory and the effects that families, peers, and the criminal justice system have on self-control, social ties, and criminal behavior. Part 2 applies control theory to areas typically assumed to be out of the domain of self-control theory and social control theory, such as gender differences in crime, domestic violence, and group crime. Considering control theory's emphasis on explaining individual criminal acts, these chapters suggest an interesting area of development by highlighting the possibility that differences in crime across or within groups may begin with individual characteristics and then making inferences about groups and group processes. Part 3 approaches the explanation of crime cross-nationally and at the macro-level. Although the authors take different approaches, they all illustrate that a theory of crime does not require culture-specific elements in order to be a valid cross-cultural explanation. Contributors to this volume include: Robert Agnew, Todd Armstrong, Leana Allen Bouffard, Augustine Brannigan, Chester Britt, Barbara Costello, Maja Dekovic, Matt DeLisi, Michael Gottfredson, Henriette Haas, Kelly H. Hardwick, Travis Hirschi, Marianne Junger, Martin Killias, Helen Mederer, Kevin Thompson, and Alexander Vazsonyi.

The Criminology of Place

Author : David Weisburd
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199709106
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (997 download)

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Book Synopsis The Criminology of Place by : David Weisburd

Download or read book The Criminology of Place written by David Weisburd and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-10-01 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of crime has focused primarily on why particular people commit crime or why specific communities have higher crime levels than others. In The Criminology of Place, David Weisburd, Elizabeth Groff, and Sue-Ming Yang present a new and different way of looking at the crime problem by examining why specific streets in a city have specific crime trends over time. Based on a 16-year longitudinal study of crime in Seattle, Washington, the book focuses our attention on small units of geographic analysis-micro communities, defined as street segments. Half of all Seattle crime each year occurs on just 5-6 percent of the city's street segments, yet these crime hot spots are not concentrated in a single neighborhood and street by street variability is significant. Weisburd, Groff, and Yang set out to explain why. The Criminology of Place shows how much essential information about crime is inevitably lost when we focus on larger units like neighborhoods or communities. Reorienting the study of crime by focusing on small units of geography, the authors identify a large group of possible crime risk and protective factors for street segments and an array of interventions that could be implemented to address them. The Criminology of Place is a groundbreaking book that radically alters traditional thinking about the crime problem and what we should do about it.

White-Collar Crime

Author : Michael Benson
Publisher : Infobase Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0791094138
Total Pages : 119 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis White-Collar Crime by : Michael Benson

Download or read book White-Collar Crime written by Michael Benson and published by Infobase Publishing. This book was released on 2008 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: White-Collar Crime explains the common types of crime committed, ranging from simple fraud to embezzling to insider trading, notes the famous cases, and discusses how law enforcement agencies identify and fight these crimes.

Crime, Shame and Reintegration

Author : John Braithwaite
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521356688
Total Pages : 242 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (566 download)

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Book Synopsis Crime, Shame and Reintegration by : John Braithwaite

Download or read book Crime, Shame and Reintegration written by John Braithwaite and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1989-03-23 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crime, Shame and Reintegration is a contribution to general criminological theory. Its approach is as relevant to professional burglary as to episodic delinquency or white collar crime. Braithwaite argues that some societies have higher crime rates than others because of their different processes of shaming wrongdoing. Shaming can be counterproductive, making crime problems worse. But when shaming is done within a cultural context of respect for the offender, it can be an extraordinarily powerful, efficient and just form of social control. Braithwaite identifies the social conditions for such successful shaming. If his theory is right, radically different criminal justice policies are needed - a shift away from punitive social control toward greater emphasis on moralizing social control. This book will be of interest not only to criminologists and sociologists, but to those in law, public administration and politics who are concerned with social policy and social issues.

Situational Action Theory: Oxford Bibliographies Online Research Guide

Author : Oxford University Press
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0199803617
Total Pages : 14 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (998 download)

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Book Synopsis Situational Action Theory: Oxford Bibliographies Online Research Guide by : Oxford University Press

Download or read book Situational Action Theory: Oxford Bibliographies Online Research Guide written by Oxford University Press and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2010-05-01 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This ebook is a selective guide designed to help scholars and students of criminology find reliable sources of information by directing them to the best available scholarly materials in whatever form or format they appear from books, chapters, and journal articles to online archives, electronic data sets, and blogs. Written by a leading international authority on the subject, the ebook provides bibliographic information supported by direct recommendations about which sources to consult and editorial commentary to make it clear how the cited sources are interrelated related. A reader will discover, for instance, the most reliable introductions and overviews to the topic, and the most important publications on various areas of scholarly interest within this topic. In criminology, as in other disciplines, researchers at all levels are drowning in potentially useful scholarly information, and this guide has been created as a tool for cutting through that material to find the exact source you need. This ebook is a static version of an article from Oxford Bibliographies Online: Criminology, a dynamic, continuously updated, online resource designed to provide authoritative guidance through scholarship and other materials relevant to the study and practice of criminology. Oxford Bibliographies Online covers most subject disciplines within the social science and humanities, for more information visit www.aboutobo.com.

Organizational Opportunity and Deviant Behavior

Author : Petter Gottschalk
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1788111885
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (881 download)

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Book Synopsis Organizational Opportunity and Deviant Behavior by : Petter Gottschalk

Download or read book Organizational Opportunity and Deviant Behavior written by Petter Gottschalk and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2017-12-29 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ever since Sutherland coined the term ‘white-collar crime’, researchers have struggled to understand and explain why some individuals abuse their privileged positions of trust and commit financial crime. This book makes a novel contribution to the development of convenience theory as a framework to understand and explain ‘white-collar crime’.

The Reasoning Criminal

Author : Marvin Scott
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351475452
Total Pages : 268 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (514 download)

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Book Synopsis The Reasoning Criminal by : Marvin Scott

Download or read book The Reasoning Criminal written by Marvin Scott and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-08 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The assumption that rewards and punishments influence our choices between different courses of action underlies economic, sociological, psychological, and legal thinking about human action. Hence, the notion of a reasoning criminal-one who employs the same sorts of cognitive strategies when contemplating offending as they and the rest of us use when making other decisions-might seem a small contribution to crime control. This conclusion would be mistaken. This volume develops an alternative approach, termed the "rational choice perspective," to explain criminal behaviour. Instead of emphasizing the differences between criminals and non-criminals, it stresses some of the similarities. In particular, while the contributors do not deny the existence of irrational and pathological components in crimes, they suggest that the rational aspects of offending should be explored. An international group of researchers in criminology, psychology, and economics provide a comprehensive review of original research on the criminal offender as a reasoning decision maker. While recognizing the crucial influence of situational factors, the rational choice perspective provides a framework within which to incorporate and locate existing theories about crime. In doing so it also provides both a new agenda for research and sheds a fresh light on deterrent and prevention policies.

SOU-CCJ230 Introduction to the American Criminal Justice System

Author : Alison Burke
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781636350684
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (56 download)

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Book Synopsis SOU-CCJ230 Introduction to the American Criminal Justice System by : Alison Burke

Download or read book SOU-CCJ230 Introduction to the American Criminal Justice System written by Alison Burke and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Crime Opportunity Theories

Author : Mangai Natarajan
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351570706
Total Pages : 616 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (515 download)

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Book Synopsis Crime Opportunity Theories by : Mangai Natarajan

Download or read book Crime Opportunity Theories written by Mangai Natarajan and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Opportunity theories of crime seek to explain the occurrence of crime rather than simply the existence of criminal dispositions. They emphasize the fundamental element in the criminal act of opportunity: how this arises, how it is perceived, evaluated and acted on by those with criminal dispositions. This volume brings together influential research articles on opportunity theories of crime by leading theorists such as Cohen and Felson on routine activity theory and Clarke and Cornish on the bounded rational choice perspective. The articles also include more recent theoretical developments and studies of situational crime prevention of specific twenty-first century crimes. These articles attest to the sheer volume as well to as the richness and the variety of work designed to reduce crime that has forever changed the face of criminology and criminal justice.