Covid 19 And The Informality Driven Recovery The Case Of Colombias Labor Market

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COVID-19 and the Informality-driven Recovery: The Case of Colombia's Labor Market

Author : Jorge Alvarez
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513597809
Total Pages : 29 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis COVID-19 and the Informality-driven Recovery: The Case of Colombia's Labor Market by : Jorge Alvarez

Download or read book COVID-19 and the Informality-driven Recovery: The Case of Colombia's Labor Market written by Jorge Alvarez and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-09-17 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper documents the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated lockdowns on the Colombian labor market using household micro-data. About a quarter of employment was temporarily disrupted at the height of the first pandemic-induced lockdown in 2020. Women, the young, and the less educated were the most affected groups. Since then, a remarkable recovery, led by a rebound in informal employment, has taken place. By adjusting both employment levels and hours faster, the informal sector acted as an important margin of adjustment, particularly in those industries most affected by the first lockdown. The informal sector also appears to have played a role in decreasing the sensitivity of aggregate employment to more recent lockdowns in 2021, as the economy has learned to cope with pandemic restrictions, although the possibility of higher informality rates becoming embedded remains an substantial downside risk for long-term productivity.

Employment in Crisis

Author : Joana Silva
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 9781464816727
Total Pages : 156 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (167 download)

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Book Synopsis Employment in Crisis by : Joana Silva

Download or read book Employment in Crisis written by Joana Silva and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2021-09-30 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book estimates how crises change labor market flows, assesses how these changes affect people, and discusses the key policy responses.

The Long Shadow of Informality

Author : Franziska Ohnsorge
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464817545
Total Pages : 397 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis The Long Shadow of Informality by : Franziska Ohnsorge

Download or read book The Long Shadow of Informality written by Franziska Ohnsorge and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2022-02-09 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A large percentage of workers and firms operate in the informal economy, outside the line of sight of governments in emerging market and developing economies. This may hold back the recovery in these economies from the deep recessions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic--unless governments adopt a broad set of policies to address the challenges of widespread informality. This study is the first comprehensive analysis of the extent of informality and its implications for a durable economic recovery and for long-term development. It finds that pervasive informality is associated with significantly weaker economic outcomes--including lower government resources to combat recessions, lower per capita incomes, greater poverty, less financial development, and weaker investment and productivity.

The Short-Term Impact of COVID-19 on Labor Markets, Poverty and Inequality in Brazil

Author : International Monetary Fund
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513571648
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis The Short-Term Impact of COVID-19 on Labor Markets, Poverty and Inequality in Brazil by : International Monetary Fund

Download or read book The Short-Term Impact of COVID-19 on Labor Markets, Poverty and Inequality in Brazil written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-03-05 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We document the short-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Brazilian labor market focusing on employment, wages and hours worked using the nationally representative household surveys PNAD-Continua and PNAD COVID. Sectors most susceptible to the shock because they are more contact-intensive and less teleworkable, such as construction, domestic services and hospitality, suffered large job losses and reductions in hours. Given low income workers experienced the largest decline in earnings, extreme poverty and the Gini coefficient based on labor income increased by around 9.2 and 5 percentage points, respectively, due to the immediate shock. The government’s broad based, temporary Emergency Aid transfer program more than offset the labor income losses for the bottom four deciles, however, such that poverty relative to the pre-COVID baseline fell. At a cost of around 4 percent of GDP in 2020 such support is not fiscally sustainable beyond the short-term and ended in late 2020. The challenge will be to avoid a sharp increase in poverty and inequality if the labor market does not pick up sufficiently fast in 2021.

World Employment and Social Outlook

Author : INTERNATIONAL LABOUR OFFICE.
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789220319581
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (195 download)

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Book Synopsis World Employment and Social Outlook by : INTERNATIONAL LABOUR OFFICE.

Download or read book World Employment and Social Outlook written by INTERNATIONAL LABOUR OFFICE. and published by . This book was released on 2021-06-02 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This year's World Employment and Social Outlook: Trends examines global and regional trends in employment, unemployment, labour force participation and productivity, as well as dimensions of job quality such as employment status, informal employment and working poverty. It also provides extensive analysis of the crisis's varied impact on enterprises and workers.The report forecasts that employment recovery, though strong, will be insufficient to close the gaps. Workers whose labour market position was disadvantageous prior to the crisis - women, young people, migrants, informal workers and workers in lower-skilled occupations - suffered disproportionately. The report proposes a human-centred recovery strategy to avoid scarring of global labour markets for the years to come.

Manufacturing Firms in Developing Countries

Author : James R. Tybout
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 66 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Manufacturing Firms in Developing Countries by : James R. Tybout

Download or read book Manufacturing Firms in Developing Countries written by James R. Tybout and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1998 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Global Trends 2040

Author : National Intelligence Council
Publisher : Cosimo Reports
ISBN 13 : 9781646794973
Total Pages : 158 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (949 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Trends 2040 by : National Intelligence Council

Download or read book Global Trends 2040 written by National Intelligence Council and published by Cosimo Reports. This book was released on 2021-03 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.

A Mandate to Grow

Author : Eduardo A. Cavallo
Publisher : Inter-American Development Bank
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 121 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis A Mandate to Grow by : Eduardo A. Cavallo

Download or read book A Mandate to Grow written by Eduardo A. Cavallo and published by Inter-American Development Bank. This book was released on 2018-03-15 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 2018 Macroeconomic Report, A Mandate to Grow, revisits the growth debate that has been raging in the region for the past half century. Viewing the debate from this long-term perspective allows for a focus on the structural factors that have prevented Latin America and the Caribbean from reaching the growth potential required to keep pace with faster growing regions and to fulfill the aspirations of its population.

Ecuador: Selected Issues

Author : International Monetary
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513599275
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Ecuador: Selected Issues by : International Monetary

Download or read book Ecuador: Selected Issues written by International Monetary and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-10-07 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Selected Issues

Navigating COVID-19 in Asia and the Pacific

Author : Bambang Susantono
Publisher : Asian Development Bank
ISBN 13 : 9292623567
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (926 download)

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Book Synopsis Navigating COVID-19 in Asia and the Pacific by : Bambang Susantono

Download or read book Navigating COVID-19 in Asia and the Pacific written by Bambang Susantono and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2020-09-01 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has unleashed unparalleled challenges. At the same time, it offers a window to rethink Asia’s most fundamental development policies and strategies to address inequality, socioeconomic vulnerability, and environmental challenges. This publication gathers blogs and short policy pieces contributed by ADB staff and experts in an attempt to tackle immediate challenges and prepare for what may lie beyond the horizon. It covers a broad range of development challenges and highlights the crucial role of rapid adoption of digital technologies, adequate supply of quality infrastructure, disaster risk management, and strengthening regional cooperation for a resilient and sustainable future by shaping post-pandemic conditions.

Assessing Chile's Pension System: Challenges and Reform Options

Author : Samuel Pienknagura
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 151359611X
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Assessing Chile's Pension System: Challenges and Reform Options by : Samuel Pienknagura

Download or read book Assessing Chile's Pension System: Challenges and Reform Options written by Samuel Pienknagura and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-09-10 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chile’s pension system came under close scrutiny in recent years. This paper takes stock of the adequacy of the system and highlights its challenges. Chile’s defined contribution system was quite influential when introduced, and was taken as an example by other countries. However, it is now delivering low replacement rates relative to OECD peers, as its parameters did not adapt over time to changing demographics and global returns, while informality persists in the labor market. In the absence of reforms, the system’s inability to deliver adequate outcomes for a large share of participants will continue to magnify, as demographic trends and low global interest rates will continue to reduce replacement rates. In addition, recent legislation allowing for pension savings withdrawals to counter the effects from the COVID-19 pandemic, is projected to further reduce replacement rates and increase fiscal costs. A substantial improvement in replacement rates is feasible, via a reform that raises contribution rates and the retirement age, coupled with policies that increases workers’ contribution density.

Latin American Economic Outlook 2021 Working Together for a Better Recovery

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264682317
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (646 download)

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Book Synopsis Latin American Economic Outlook 2021 Working Together for a Better Recovery by : OECD

Download or read book Latin American Economic Outlook 2021 Working Together for a Better Recovery written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2021-12-02 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Latin American Economic Outlook 2021: Working Together for a Better Recovery aims to analyse and provide policy recommendations for a strong, inclusive and environmentally sustainable recovery in the region. The report explores policy actions to improve social protection mechanisms and increase social inclusion, foster regional integration and strengthen industrial strategies, and rethink the social contract to restore trust and empower citizens at all stages of the policy‐making process.

Primary and Secondary Education During Covid-19

Author : Fernando M. Reimers
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030815005
Total Pages : 467 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis Primary and Secondary Education During Covid-19 by : Fernando M. Reimers

Download or read book Primary and Secondary Education During Covid-19 written by Fernando M. Reimers and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-09-14 with total page 467 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access edited volume is a comparative effort to discern the short-term educational impact of the covid-19 pandemic on students, teachers and systems in Brazil, Chile, Finland, Japan, Mexico, Norway, Portugal, Russia, Singapore, Spain, South Africa, the United Kingdom and the United States. One of the first academic comparative studies of the educational impact of the pandemic, the book explains how the interruption of in person instruction and the variable efficacy of alternative forms of education caused learning loss and disengagement with learning, especially for disadvantaged students. Other direct and indirect impacts of the pandemic diminished the ability of families to support children and youth in their education. For students, as well as for teachers and school staff, these included the economic shocks experienced by families, in some cases leading to food insecurity and in many more causing stress and anxiety and impacting mental health. Opportunity to learn was also diminished by the shocks and trauma experienced by those with a close relative infected by the virus, and by the constrains on learning resulting from students having to learn at home, where the demands of schoolwork had to be negotiated with other family necessities, often sharing limited space. Furthermore, the prolonged stress caused by the uncertainty over the resolution of the pandemic and resulting from the knowledge that anyone could be infected and potentially lose their lives, created a traumatic context for many that undermined the necessary focus and dedication to schoolwork. These individual effects were reinforced by community effects, particularly for students and teachers living in communities where the multifaceted negative impacts resulting from the pandemic were pervasive. This is an open access book.

Measuring the Informal Economy

Author : Mr.Gabriel Quiros-Romero
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513568248
Total Pages : 38 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Measuring the Informal Economy by : Mr.Gabriel Quiros-Romero

Download or read book Measuring the Informal Economy written by Mr.Gabriel Quiros-Romero and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-02-02 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper proposes a framework for measuring the informal economy that is consistent with internationally agreed concepts and methodology for measuring GDP. Based on the proposed framework, the informal economy “comprises production of informal sector units, production of goods for own final use, production of domestic workers, and production generated by informal employment in formal enterprises.” This proposed framework will facilitate preparation of estimates of the informal economy as a component of GDP.

NBER International Seminar on Macroeconomics 2008

Author : Jeffrey A. Frankel
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis NBER International Seminar on Macroeconomics 2008 by : Jeffrey A. Frankel

Download or read book NBER International Seminar on Macroeconomics 2008 written by Jeffrey A. Frankel and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leading American and European economists discuss monetary and fiscal policy from an international macroeconomic perspective in a companion volume to the NBER Macroeconomics Annual: cutting-edge research on macroeconomic issues and topical questions concerning the eastward expansion of the European Monetary Union.

Women, Business and the Law 2021

Author : World Bank
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464816530
Total Pages : 381 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Women, Business and the Law 2021 by : World Bank

Download or read book Women, Business and the Law 2021 written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2021-04-05 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Women, Business and the Law 2021 is the seventh in a series of annual studies measuring the laws and regulations that affect women’s economic opportunity in 190 economies. The project presents eight indicators structured around women’s interactions with the law as they move through their lives and careers: Mobility, Workplace, Pay, Marriage, Parenthood, Entrepreneurship, Assets, and Pension. This year’s report updates all indicators as of October 1, 2020 and builds evidence of the links between legal gender equality and women’s economic inclusion. By examining the economic decisions women make throughout their working lives, as well as the pace of reform over the past 50 years, Women, Business and the Law 2021 makes an important contribution to research and policy discussions about the state of women’s economic empowerment. Prepared during a global pandemic that threatens progress toward gender equality, this edition also includes important findings on government responses to COVID-19 and pilot research related to childcare and women’s access to justice.

Regional Economic Outlook, October 2021, Western Hemisphere: A Long and Winding Road to Recovery

Author : INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513593838
Total Pages : 51 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Regional Economic Outlook, October 2021, Western Hemisphere: A Long and Winding Road to Recovery by : INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND.

Download or read book Regional Economic Outlook, October 2021, Western Hemisphere: A Long and Winding Road to Recovery written by INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-10-21 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An economic recovery is underway in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) but the pandemic still casts shadows on much of the region. The recovery was robust in the first quarter of 2021 but lost momentum in some countries in the second quarter, reflecting the rebound in COVID-19 cases. Real GDP is projected to grow by 6.3 percent in 2021, followed by a more moderate growth of 3 percent in 2022, but would not catch up with pre-pandemic trends in the medium term as persistent weakness in labor markets raises risks of scarring. Broadly favorable external conditions, high commodity prices, and pent-up demand support short-term growth, while monetary and fiscal policy reversals work in the other direction. Risks to the outlook are tilted downward. Main downside risks are the emergence of more transmissible and deadlier COVID-19 variants, tightening of global financial conditions, sovereign debt rollover risks, and social unrest as a year with heavy election schedule looms. Fiscal policy should allocate sufficient resources for health spending, including vaccination, and continue to support households and firms in a more targeted fashion while the pandemic persists, backed by credible assurances of medium-term debt sustainability to maintain access to finance. Monetary policy has started to address inflationary pressures but should continue to support economic activity insofar as the dynamics of inflation expectations permit. If rising inflation threatens to de-anchor inflation expectations, central banks should tighten monetary policy to signal a commitment to inflation targets and avoid persistent increases in inflation. Preemptive and decisive action should be accompanied with clear and transparent communication. Financial policy should shift from blanket support to targeted support of viable firms, to ensure that necessary labor and capital reallocations are not hindered. Supply-side policies should foster inclusive growth, including through progressive and growth-friendly tax reforms and measures to intensify climate change adaptation and mitigation.