Cost Keeping and Construction Accounting (Classic Reprint)

Download Cost Keeping and Construction Accounting (Classic Reprint) PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Forgotten Books
ISBN 13 : 9780266251286
Total Pages : 172 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (512 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Cost Keeping and Construction Accounting (Classic Reprint) by : George Edward Ross

Download or read book Cost Keeping and Construction Accounting (Classic Reprint) written by George Edward Ross and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-10-13 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Cost Keeping and Construction Accounting The Value of Good Cost Records A Field for Competent Cost Accountant's Criticism of a Foreign Scientist Better Methods Certain to Develop The Best Boosters In the Whole Round World. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Cost Keeping and Construction Accounting

Download Cost Keeping and Construction Accounting PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Forgotten Books
ISBN 13 : 9781330434932
Total Pages : 173 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (349 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Cost Keeping and Construction Accounting by : George Edward Ross

Download or read book Cost Keeping and Construction Accounting written by George Edward Ross and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2015-06-25 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Cost Keeping and Construction Accounting About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Cost Keeping and Construction Accounting

Download Cost Keeping and Construction Accounting PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Cost Keeping and Construction Accounting by : George Edward Ross

Download or read book Cost Keeping and Construction Accounting written by George Edward Ross and published by . This book was released on 1919 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Practical Cost Keeping for Contractors

Download Practical Cost Keeping for Contractors PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (2 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Practical Cost Keeping for Contractors by : Frank Rabold Walker

Download or read book Practical Cost Keeping for Contractors written by Frank Rabold Walker and published by . This book was released on 1916 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Construction Accounting and Financial Management (Classic Reprint)

Download Construction Accounting and Financial Management (Classic Reprint) PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Forgotten Books
ISBN 13 : 9781528449144
Total Pages : 492 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (491 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Construction Accounting and Financial Management (Classic Reprint) by : William E. Coombs

Download or read book Construction Accounting and Financial Management (Classic Reprint) written by William E. Coombs and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-09-15 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Construction Accounting and Financial Management Although accounting principles do not change, I think it is reasonable to say that their application to any particular industry, and to any specific business in that industry, usually requires careful analysis and sound judgment. This statement is certainly true of the construction industry. This book cannot take the place of detailed information nor of the experience with individual problems of any particular construction company. It can, how ever, survey the problems peculiar to the construction industry and indicate how to apply standard accounting techniques to ar rive at sound solutions. With operating conditions so varied and the individual con tractor's circumstances likely to be so complex, it is often necessary to go back and review basic accounting and business principles in relation to the specific conditions in a given company before management can use accounting as a true operational tool. It is for this reason that this book is devoted more to the why than to the how of construction accounting. Certainly, among the techniques described, the experienced accountant will find few, if any, that are basically unfamiliar to him, but he may see them applied in ways that may be somewhat unexpected. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

COST KEEPING & CONSTRUCTION AC

Download COST KEEPING & CONSTRUCTION AC PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Wentworth Press
ISBN 13 : 9781361554920
Total Pages : 178 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (549 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis COST KEEPING & CONSTRUCTION AC by : George Edward 1880 Ross

Download or read book COST KEEPING & CONSTRUCTION AC written by George Edward 1880 Ross and published by Wentworth Press. This book was released on 2016-08-25 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

Practical Cost Keeping for Contractors

Download Practical Cost Keeping for Contractors PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Forgotten Books
ISBN 13 : 9780265263358
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (633 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Practical Cost Keeping for Contractors by : Frank R. Walker

Download or read book Practical Cost Keeping for Contractors written by Frank R. Walker and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-10-13 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Practical Cost Keeping for Contractors: A Book Giving a System of Accurate Cost Keeping and the Methods Used for Adapting It to All Classes of Construction Work Costs in order to be of value to the contractor and estimator in preparing future estimates should be stated in the quantity of each class of work a man Will perform per hour or per day. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Construction Accounting and Financial Management

Download Construction Accounting and Financial Management PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Forgotten Books
ISBN 13 : 9781330289709
Total Pages : 493 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (897 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Construction Accounting and Financial Management by : William E. Coombs

Download or read book Construction Accounting and Financial Management written by William E. Coombs and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2015-06-13 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Construction Accounting and Financial Management Although accounting principles do not change, I think it is reasonable to say that their application to any particular industry, and to any specific business in that industry, usually requires careful analysis and sound judgment. This statement is certainly true of the construction industry. This book cannot take the place of detailed information nor of the experience with individual problems of any particular construction company. It can, however, survey the problems peculiar to the construction industry and indicate how to apply standard accounting techniques to arrive at sound solutions. With operating conditions so varied and the individual contractor's circumstances likely to be so complex, it is often necessary to go back and review basic accounting and business principles in relation to the specific conditions in a given company before management can use accounting as a true operational tool. It is for this reason that this book is devoted more to the "why" than to the "how" of construction accounting. Certainly, among the techniques described, the experienced accountant will find few, if any, that are basically unfamiliar to him, but he may see them applied in ways that may be somewhat unexpected. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Cost Keeping and Management Engineering

Download Cost Keeping and Management Engineering PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Forgotten Books
ISBN 13 : 9780428367527
Total Pages : 374 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (675 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Cost Keeping and Management Engineering by : Halbert P. Gillette

Download or read book Cost Keeping and Management Engineering written by Halbert P. Gillette and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2018-01-05 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Cost Keeping and Management Engineering: A Treatise for Engineers, Contractors and Superintendents Engaged in the Management of Engineering Construction This book is intended to assist engineers, contractors and superintendents in reducing construction costs to a minimum. To accomplish this it is necessary to understand the laws or rules Of management, and to have daily reports that show the efficiency of the men and machines employed. That there are any scientific laws of management will be denied by many men of the Old school, but such a denial cannot be logically maintained. If there is a science Of psychology, there must be a science of management, for management is a mental process that follows certain definite laws, obscure and complex at times, but none the less definite when once they are understood. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Construction Cost Keeping and Management

Download Construction Cost Keeping and Management PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781331961215
Total Pages : 600 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (612 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Construction Cost Keeping and Management by : Halbert Powers Gillette

Download or read book Construction Cost Keeping and Management written by Halbert Powers Gillette and published by . This book was released on 2015-07-21 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Construction Cost Keeping and Management: A Treatise for Engineers, Contractors and Superintendents Engaged in the Management of Engineering Construction Construction Cost Keeping and Management has been prepared in response to the request of the publishers for a second edition of Cost Keeping and Management Engineering. The old book, published in 1909 and reprinted in 1916, can hardly be said to be out of date because it confined itself to principles illustrated by a number of practical cost keeping forms and methods but in the last twelve years some new principles of what may be justly called the Science of Management have been discovered and a great many new forms and methods have come into use. Therefore we have endeavored, in preparing the present work, to supplement the original material by what has come out in the evolution of the last twelve years, rejecting very little of the old material. This book, as was stated in the preface to "Cost Keeping and Management Engineering," is intended to assist engineers, contractors and superintendents in reducing construction costs to a minimum. To accomplish this it is necessary to understand the laws or rules of management, and to have daily reports that show the efficiency of the men and machines employed. That there are any scientific laws of management will be denied by many men of the old school, but such a denial cannot be logically maintained. If there is a science of psychology, there must be a science of management, for management is a mental process that follows certain definite laws, obscure and complex at times, but none the less definite when once they are understood. Many an ordinary foreman possesses a fair working knowledge of applied mechanics, having acquired it by observation and experiment; but such a foreman would be far more efficient as a manager if he also had a grasp of the theory of the principles that he applies. For example, it is of great assistance, in planning the organization of a working gang of men, to know well the simple law that Work = Resistance X Distance, so as to apply this law consciously rather than to apply it intuitively as docs the ordinary foreman. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

The Accounting Treatment of Overhead Construction Costs in Public Utilities (Classic Reprint)

Download The Accounting Treatment of Overhead Construction Costs in Public Utilities (Classic Reprint) PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Forgotten Books
ISBN 13 : 9781333227678
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (276 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Accounting Treatment of Overhead Construction Costs in Public Utilities (Classic Reprint) by : Andersen de Lany and Company

Download or read book The Accounting Treatment of Overhead Construction Costs in Public Utilities (Classic Reprint) written by Andersen de Lany and Company and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2016-08-15 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from The Accounting Treatment of Overhead Construction Costs in Public Utilities In the case of Company No. 1 the overhead charges for the preceding year amounted to per cent on a total direct charge of as against per cent on a total direct charge of about as shown in this report. In the case of this company the overhead charges did not increase in proportion to the increase in the direct charges. Because of the differences in the practices of companies whose charges we have verified, it has not been practicable to classify the overhead items in the same way for all com panies, but as far as possible they have been grouped so that they might be comparable. The foregoing summary, of course, represents only the charges actually made. Where the practice of a company has been to make no charge to construction for certain items, as, for example, interest or taxes during construction, the summary above does not include such construction costs. Consequently the summary is presented here, not as indicative of what are normal ratios for overhead expenses but as showing the nature and importance of indirect construction charges actually made by companies following different policies. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Practical Accounting for General Contractors (Classic Reprint)

Download Practical Accounting for General Contractors (Classic Reprint) PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Forgotten Books
ISBN 13 : 9780265410202
Total Pages : 270 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (12 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Practical Accounting for General Contractors (Classic Reprint) by : H. D. Grant

Download or read book Practical Accounting for General Contractors (Classic Reprint) written by H. D. Grant and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-10-16 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Practical Accounting for General Contractors There are many excellent text books on general account ing and every manufacturing industry Of any size and complexity has an accounting literature of its own. But little if anything Of a comprehensive nature has been written about a system of accounting to fit the needs Of the con tractor. This lack is the more noteworthy for two reasons First, practically all building and construction work is carried out by estimate and contract and the size and importance of the business are self-evident; secondly, the basis Of accuracy in estimating depends upon accurate records and therefore the contractor even more than the manufacturer needs all the help that is to be obtained from a complete system Of accounts. The need for a comprehensive work on accounting for contractors was brought home to the author some years ago when engaged to take charge Of the accounting depart ment Of a large contracting concern. The faults of the system of records in use were many and glaring; the remedy had to be devised to fit the needs Of the case. After a period Of close Observation and experiment a system Of accounts and accounting control was evolved which ful filled the essential requirements by giving the contractor the information he required for the management Of his business promptly and at a time when he could make use Of it. This book in part contains a description Of the system to which is added a discussion Of the methods and account ing practice that have become the standard practice in those contracting businesses where adequate records are kept. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Cost Accounting and Burden Application (Classic Reprint)

Download Cost Accounting and Burden Application (Classic Reprint) PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Forgotten Books
ISBN 13 : 9780331130959
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (39 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Cost Accounting and Burden Application (Classic Reprint) by : Clinton Homer Scovell

Download or read book Cost Accounting and Burden Application (Classic Reprint) written by Clinton Homer Scovell and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-11-15 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Cost Accounting and Burden Application The object of this book is to examine the elements of cost, and to define principles and describe methods of procedure in the development of a cost accounting practice, particularly in respect to the determination and application of overhead charges or burden. In Chapter III material and material costs are dis cussed with reference to the practice of a machine shop, or similar metal working industry. The principles which govern purchasing, however, and many relating to receiving, storing and issuing materials, are universal in their application. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Bookkeeping and Cost Accounting for Factories (Classic Reprint)

Download Bookkeeping and Cost Accounting for Factories (Classic Reprint) PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Forgotten Books
ISBN 13 : 9780332506531
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (65 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Bookkeeping and Cost Accounting for Factories (Classic Reprint) by : William Kent

Download or read book Bookkeeping and Cost Accounting for Factories (Classic Reprint) written by William Kent and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-12-07 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Bookkeeping and Cost Accounting for Factories The author of this treatise was a bookkeeper and cost accountant for some years before he became an engineer, and many times during his career as an engineer and as manager of works he had occasion to install systems of bookkeeping and cost accounting and to audit books. In this way, and by reading much of the extensive literature on accounting, he has kept in touch for over forty years with the development of accounting practice. More than twenty years ago he was urged by the president of one of the largest manufacturing corporations in New England to write a book on factory cost accounting, but he was then too busy with other matters and the suggested book had to be postponed to the indefinite future. Some three years ago the suggestion was repeated at a conference of several professional accountants, who agreed that the literature on cost accounting was in a most chaotic shape and was altogether unsatisfactory. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

COST ACCOUNTING (CLASSIC REPRINT).

Download COST ACCOUNTING (CLASSIC REPRINT). PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780331362145
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (621 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis COST ACCOUNTING (CLASSIC REPRINT). by : J. LEE. NICHOLSON

Download or read book COST ACCOUNTING (CLASSIC REPRINT). written by J. LEE. NICHOLSON and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Cost Accounts (Classic Reprint)

Download Cost Accounts (Classic Reprint) PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Forgotten Books
ISBN 13 : 9780332751528
Total Pages : 178 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (515 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Cost Accounts (Classic Reprint) by : George Hillis Newlove

Download or read book Cost Accounts (Classic Reprint) written by George Hillis Newlove and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-12-14 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Cost Accounts The fact that the main distinction between the accounting for trading and manufacturing concerns is the difference in nature of the transactions recorded rather than a variance in the accounting principles involved is important, because it ana bles the cost accountant, who has become confused in.the cost details, to recover his grasp on these details by resorting to the journalization of the 'transactions. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Guide for Estimating Construction Costs (Classic Reprint)

Download Guide for Estimating Construction Costs (Classic Reprint) PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Forgotten Books
ISBN 13 : 9780266815129
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (151 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Guide for Estimating Construction Costs (Classic Reprint) by : U. S. Farmers Home Administration

Download or read book Guide for Estimating Construction Costs (Classic Reprint) written by U. S. Farmers Home Administration and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-10-27 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Guide for Estimating Construction Costs This Guide has been prepared for the purpose of assisting those persons who are responsible for reviewing and estimating construction costs. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.