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Cost Effectiveness Of On Orbit Servicing
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Book Synopsis Cost Effectiveness of On-Orbit Servicing by :
Download or read book Cost Effectiveness of On-Orbit Servicing written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study was performed to model on-orbit servicing (OOS) of a pre-existing Low Earth Orbit and geostationary constellation. A conceptual model of each spacecraft was developed to determine mass and power allocation required based on the mission of the spacecraft. An OOS mass was added to the spacecraft which represented the mass of the components necessary to allow the spacecraft to be docked with. The servicing missions modeled were refueling, replacement of parts, and relocation. The driving factor of cost was sensitivity to OOS mass. For most constellations, OOS was not cost effective unless the OOS mass was very low. 15.
Book Synopsis Cost Effectiveness of On-orbit Servicing for Large Constellations by : William Robertson
Download or read book Cost Effectiveness of On-orbit Servicing for Large Constellations written by William Robertson and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Satellite On-Orbit Refueling by : Rustie L. Hibbard
Download or read book Satellite On-Orbit Refueling written by Rustie L. Hibbard and published by . This book was released on 1996-09-01 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the ever-shrinking military budget constraints facing military and civilian contractors, the ability to extend the operational life of any system for minimal cost compared to a replacement is desirable. This fact has never been more true than in today's space industry. This thesis addresses the possibility of extending satellite life through the use of on-orbit refueling. Through compilation and analysis of satellite operational life span data, it is shown that maneuvering fuel depletion has a significant impact on satellite operations in geosynchronous orbit. If these satellites could be refueled economically this would prove not only cost effective but also improve satellite tactical employment for space support to the warfighter. Through the manipulation of satellite data, launch/design cost, on-orbit refueling vehicle design/construction costs and on-orbit operational requirements, it can be shown that on-orbit refueling can be done cost effectively. Single versus multiple satellite refueling operations were evaluated to determine the concept's viability.
Book Synopsis Satellite Servicing Using the Orbital Maneuvering Vehicle in Low Earth Orbit by : Anthony D. Cutri
Download or read book Satellite Servicing Using the Orbital Maneuvering Vehicle in Low Earth Orbit written by Anthony D. Cutri and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The concept of servicing and repair of satellites in low earth orbit (LEO) using the Orbital Maneuvering Vehicle (OMV) is examined. While current polar orbiting satellites, it could be economically applied to any LEO in which sufficient numbers of satellites are located or where individual satellite cost/ mission justify servicing. Increases in cost effectiveness and operational flexibility of in space systems can be realized when the capability to replenish consumable fluids, propellants and Orbital Replacement Units (ORUs) are incorporated into satellite design. ORUs can be placed in orbit using expendable launch vehicles (ELV), specifically selected to satisfy the mission need. Several suitable small payload, low cost boosters are now under development, with attainment of operational status expected in the early 1990's. The concept calls for modular satellite design and deployment of a space based support platform. New technology could be applied in the form of upgrades and on orbit modifications much more efficiently than the current abandon/replace policy for most satellite systems. The first chapters provide background on the proposed concept, OMV and ELVs. Several polar orbiting satellite systems providing mass summary breakdowns and current cost information are described and then OMV payload servicing using the flight telerobotic servicer is discussed. Comparison of estimated OMV satellite servicing costs vs. satellite replacement for several missions is tabulated.
Book Synopsis Cost-effectiveness Measures of Replenishment Strategies for Systems of Orbital Spacecraft by : Bruce E. Krell
Download or read book Cost-effectiveness Measures of Replenishment Strategies for Systems of Orbital Spacecraft written by Bruce E. Krell and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For many years the U.S. Air Force has employed large-scale, discrete-event digital simulation models for evaluating the cost-effectiveness of various replenishment strategies for operating satellite systems. The extensive use of computer simulation presupposes a problem complexity intractable to closed form or analytical solutions. This statement is true if analysis requires a great amount of detailed information. This Note demonstrates that there is a level of aggregation of the data inputs at which closed form tractability may be attained. Moreover, given this input aggregation representing failure patterns and replenishment strategies, the exact closed forms for approximating cost-effectiveness are derived. The closed form expressions for the cost-effectiveness of satellite systems are not meant to replace the large-scale simulation programs. The aggregate level measures can be most effectively employed to check the computer programs for internal consistency and to narrow the focus of acceptable inputs into the large-scale simulation. Proper use of the analytical tools presented herein can reduce the computational effort by significantly reducing the number of simulation runs necessary to identify the most attractive replenishment methods.
Book Synopsis Satellite Servicing Using the Orbital Maneuvering Vehicle in Low Earth Orbit by : Anthony D. Cutri
Download or read book Satellite Servicing Using the Orbital Maneuvering Vehicle in Low Earth Orbit written by Anthony D. Cutri and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The concept of servicing and repair of satellites in low earth orbit (LEO) using the Orbital Maneuvering Vehicle (OMV) is examined. While current polar orbiting satellites, it could be economically applied to any LEO in which sufficient numbers of satellites are located or where individual satellite cost/ mission justify servicing. Increases in cost effectiveness and operational flexibility of in space systems can be realized when the capability to replenish consumable fluids, propellants and Orbital Replacement Units (ORUs) are incorporated into satellite design. ORUs can be placed in orbit using expendable launch vehicles (ELV), specifically selected to satisfy the mission need. Several suitable small payload, low cost boosters are now under development, with attainment of operational status expected in the early 1990's. The concept calls for modular satellite design and deployment of a space based support platform. New technology could be applied in the form of upgrades and on orbit modifications much more efficiently than the current abandon/replace policy for most satellite systems. The first chapters provide background on the proposed concept, OMV and ELVs. Several polar orbiting satellite systems providing mass summary breakdowns and current cost information are described and then OMV payload servicing using the flight telerobotic servicer is discussed. Comparison of estimated OMV satellite servicing costs vs. satellite replacement for several missions is tabulated.
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 1036 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis On-Orbit Servicing: Next Generation of Space Activities by : Annette Froehlich
Download or read book On-Orbit Servicing: Next Generation of Space Activities written by Annette Froehlich and published by Springer. This book was released on 2021-09-07 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book shares a range of new and diverse insights on On-Orbit Servicing (OOS), and examines its implications especially from political, legal, economic, and security perspectives. OSS has been evolving rapidly and presents both challenges and opportunities, such as in-space repairs, refuelling, refurbishment of spacecraft and servicing satellites, which could play a critical role in extending satellite lifecycles, while also representing a valuable next step in debris mitigation. At the same time, many legal questions have arisen in connection with OOS: the need to prevent hostile actions under the pretext of OSS; the distinction between governmental and non-governmental OOS operators; the status of re-worked and recycled space objects; the issue of control in terms of operations performed in orbit, i.e., in the international sphere; the status of objects manufactured in orbit and applicable law, including liability and registration; and the impacts on insurance law and risk management. Finally, the book examines the implications of OOS for emerging space actors in the Global South, and recommends a paradigm shift to help developing countries fully recognise the necessity and urgency of being involved in discussions on OSS, as opposed to leaving it up to the developed space actors. This book will be of great interest to practitioners, academics, and students working in the space sector and related fields.
Book Synopsis A Decision-making Framework to Determine the Value of On-orbit Servicing Compared to Replacement of Space Telescopes by : Mark Baldesarra
Download or read book A Decision-making Framework to Determine the Value of On-orbit Servicing Compared to Replacement of Space Telescopes written by Mark Baldesarra and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Hubble Space Telescope has demonstrated that on-orbit servicing can provide significant benefits for scientific space programs. Specifically, servicing missions can replace failed components to keep spacecraft operational, and can upgrade onboard components to improve spacecraft performance. Hubble was able to capture these benefits because it was designed to be serviceable; however, many other programs have excluded serviceability from the design due to cost considerations. Often, the value of serviceability cannot be quantitatively justified. This thesis develops a framework to determine the value of including serviceability in a space telescope. Various principles to evaluate serviceability are proposed throughout the literature, and this thesis incorporates three main principles to construct the framework. First, the costs and benefits of servicing are separated so that the "cost" of servicing is expressed as the maximum price the customer is willing to pay. Second, the value of serviceability will be determined by comparing a telescope servicing program to a telescope replacement program. Third, the value of flexibility provided by servicing is analyzed by a Monte-Carlo simulation and decision rule analysis. A case study was performed to demonstrate how the framework is used, using representative data from Hubble. For a simple space telescope, the case study calculated the increase in science return gained by servicing and the maximum price for servicing missions. The case study illustrated an important trade between science return and risk of telescope downtime. Finally, the principles and techniques used in this framework are more generally applicable to non-revenue generating spacecraft.
Book Synopsis Guidelines and Metrics for Assessing Space System Cost Estimates by : Bernard Fox
Download or read book Guidelines and Metrics for Assessing Space System Cost Estimates written by Bernard Fox and published by RAND Corporation. This book was released on 2008 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1. Introduction / 2. Space system fundamentals / 3. Reviewing a cost estimate / 4. Space vehicle cost crosschecks / 5. Common issues in estimating space programs / 6. Resources for space system cost estimation / 7. Recommendations.
Book Synopsis Envisioning a 21st Century, National, Spacecraft Servicing and Protection Infrastructure and Demand Potential: A Logical Development of the Earth Orbit Economy by :
Download or read book Envisioning a 21st Century, National, Spacecraft Servicing and Protection Infrastructure and Demand Potential: A Logical Development of the Earth Orbit Economy written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis On-Orbit Servicing: Next Generation of Space Activities by : Annette Froehlich
Download or read book On-Orbit Servicing: Next Generation of Space Activities written by Annette Froehlich and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-09-07 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book shares a range of new and diverse insights on On-Orbit Servicing (OOS), and examines its implications especially from political, legal, economic, and security perspectives. OSS has been evolving rapidly and presents both challenges and opportunities, such as in-space repairs, refuelling, refurbishment of spacecraft and servicing satellites, which could play a critical role in extending satellite lifecycles, while also representing a valuable next step in debris mitigation. At the same time, many legal questions have arisen in connection with OOS: the need to prevent hostile actions under the pretext of OSS; the distinction between governmental and non-governmental OOS operators; the status of re-worked and recycled space objects; the issue of control in terms of operations performed in orbit, i.e., in the international sphere; the status of objects manufactured in orbit and applicable law, including liability and registration; and the impacts on insurance law and risk management. Finally, the book examines the implications of OOS for emerging space actors in the Global South, and recommends a paradigm shift to help developing countries fully recognise the necessity and urgency of being involved in discussions on OSS, as opposed to leaving it up to the developed space actors. This book will be of great interest to practitioners, academics, and students working in the space sector and related fields.
Book Synopsis Design and Analysis of On-Orbit Servicing Architectures for the Global Positioning System Constellation by : Gregg Leisman
Download or read book Design and Analysis of On-Orbit Servicing Architectures for the Global Positioning System Constellation written by Gregg Leisman and published by . This book was released on 1999-03-01 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Satellites are the only major Air Force systems with no maintenance, routine repair, or upgrade capability. The result is expensive satellites and a heavy reliance on access to space. At the same time, satellite design is maturing and reducing the cost to produce satellites with longer design lives. This works against the ability to keep the technology on satellites current without frequent replacement of those satellites. The Global Positioning System Joint Program Office realizes that it must change its mode of operations to quickly meet new requirements while minimizing cost. The possibility of using robotic servicing architectures to solve these problems is considered in this thesis. The authors accomplished this through a systems engineering and decision analysis approach in which a number of different alternatives for on-orbit satellite repair and upgrade were analyzed. This approach involved defining the problem framework and desired user benefits, then developing different system architectures and determining their performance with regard to the specified benefits. Finally, the authors used decision analysis to evaluate the alternative architectures in the context of the user's goals. The results indicate favorable benefit-to-cost relationships for on-orbit servicing architectures as compared to the current mode of operation.
Book Synopsis Critical Infrastructures State of the Art in Research and Application by : Wil A. H. Thissen
Download or read book Critical Infrastructures State of the Art in Research and Application written by Wil A. H. Thissen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Critical Infrastructures: State of the Art in Research and Application, comprising a selection of reviewed and edited contributions from all over the world, aims to shed light on the various aspects of critical infrastructures. The editors of this book have opted for a broad view on the various criticality aspects on infrastructures itself as well as contributions that discuss the institutional and technical environment of critical infrastructures which are crucial for their proper functioning. Critical Infrastructures brings to light a number of eye-opening critical issues that have been only marginally touched upon in research and practice. Hence, the book is an indispensable resource for infrastructure policy makers, managers, consultants and researchers alike. The book is divided into four sections: *Vulnerability and Risk; *System Development and Adaptation; *Institutional Change; *Capacity Management.
Book Synopsis On-Orbit Operations Optimization by : Leping Yang
Download or read book On-Orbit Operations Optimization written by Leping Yang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-06-13 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On-orbit operations optimization among multiple cooperative or noncooperative spacecraft, which is often challenged by tight constraints and shifting parameters, has grown to be a hot issue in recent years. The authors of this book summarize related optimization problems into four planning categories: spacecraft multi-mission planning, far-range orbital maneuver planning, proximity relative motion planning and multi-spacecraft coordinated planning. The authors then formulate models, introduce optimization methods, and investigate simulation cases that address problems in these four categories. This text will serve as a quick reference for engineers, graduate students, postgraduates in the fields of optimization research and on-orbit operation mission planning.
Book Synopsis Technology for Large Space Systems by :
Download or read book Technology for Large Space Systems written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Air Force Journal of Logistics written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
