Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Cost Effective Method For Producing Self Supported Palladium Alloy Membranes For Use In Efficient Production Of Coal Derived Hydrogen
Download Cost Effective Method For Producing Self Supported Palladium Alloy Membranes For Use In Efficient Production Of Coal Derived Hydrogen full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Cost Effective Method For Producing Self Supported Palladium Alloy Membranes For Use In Efficient Production Of Coal Derived Hydrogen ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis Cost-Effective Method for Producing Self Supported Palladium Alloy Membranes for Use in Efficient Production of Coal Derived Hydrogen by : K. Coulter
Download or read book Cost-Effective Method for Producing Self Supported Palladium Alloy Membranes for Use in Efficient Production of Coal Derived Hydrogen written by K. Coulter and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past quarter, no technical work has been completed and two ''no cost'' time extensions have been requested and granted to allow Idatech time to complete Task 5 relating to the testing of prototype membrane modules. The scheduled completion date of April 7, 2007 has been confirmed by Idatech.
Book Synopsis Cost-Effective Method for Producing Self Supported Palladium Alloy Membranes for Use in Efficient Production of Coal Derived Hydrogen by :
Download or read book Cost-Effective Method for Producing Self Supported Palladium Alloy Membranes for Use in Efficient Production of Coal Derived Hydrogen written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Southwest Research Institute{reg_sign} (SwRI{reg_sign}) has utilized its expertise in large-area vacuum deposition methods to conduct research into the fabrication of dense, freestanding Pd-alloy membranes that are 3-5 microns thick and over 100 in2 in area. The membranes were deposited onto flexible and rigid supports that were subsequently removed and separated using novel techniques developed over the course of the project. Using these methods, the production of novel alloy compositions centered around the Pd-Cu system were developed with the objective of producing a thermally stable, nano-crystalline grain structure with the highest flux recorded as 242 SCFH/ft2 for a 2 [mu]m thick Pd53Cu4-- at 400 C and 20 psig feed pressure which when extrapolated is over twice the 2010 Department of Energy pure H2 flux target. Several membranes were made with the same permeability, but with different thicknesses and these membranes were highly selective. Researchers at the Colorado School of Mines supported the effort with extensive testing of experimental membranes as well as design and modeling of novel alloy composite structures. IdaTech provided commercial bench testing and analysis of SwRI-manufactured membranes. The completed deliverables for the project include test data on the performance of experimental membranes fabricated by vacuum deposition and several Pd-alloy membranes that were supplied to IdaTech for testing.
Download or read book Hydrogen Fuel written by Ram B. Gupta and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2008-07-30 with total page 626 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From Methane to Hydrogen-Making the Switch to a Cleaner Fuel Source The world's overdependence on fossil fuels has created environmental problems, such as air pollution and global warming, as well as political and economic unrest. With water as its only by-product and its availability in all parts of the world, hydrogen promises to be the next grea
Book Synopsis Handbook of Membrane Reactors by : Angelo Basile
Download or read book Handbook of Membrane Reactors written by Angelo Basile and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-04-04 with total page 973 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Membrane reactors are increasingly replacing conventional separation, process and conversion technologies across a wide range of applications. Exploiting advanced membrane materials, they offer enhanced efficiency, are very adaptable and have great economic potential. There has therefore been increasing interest in membrane reactors from both the scientific and industrial communities, stimulating research and development. The two volumes of the Handbook of membrane reactors draw on this research to provide an authoritative review of this important field.Volume 2 reviews reactor types and industrial applications, beginning in part one with a discussion of selected types of membrane reactor and integration of the technology with industrial processes. Part two goes on to explore the use of membrane reactors in chemical and large-scale hydrogen production from fossil fuels. Electrochemical devices and transport applications of membrane reactors are the focus of part three, before part four considers the use of membrane reactors in environmental engineering, biotechnology and medicine. Finally, the book concludes with a discussion of the economic aspects of membrane reactors.With its distinguished editor and international team of expert contributors, the two volumes of the Handbook of membrane reactors provide an authoritative guide for membrane reactor researchers and materials scientists, chemical and biochemical manufacturers, industrial separations and process engineers, and academics in this field. Discusses integration of membrane technology with industrial processes Explores the use of membrane reactors in chemical and large-scale hydrogen production from fossil fuels Considers electrochemical devices and transport applications of membrane reactors
Book Synopsis Pd-based Membranes by : Thijs Peters
Download or read book Pd-based Membranes written by Thijs Peters and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-03-26 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Palladium (Pd)-based membranes have received a great deal of attention from both academia and industry thanks to their ability to selectively separate hydrogen from gas streams. The integration of such membranes with appropriate catalysts in membrane reactors allows for hydrogen production with CO2 capture that can be applied in smaller bioenergy or combined heat and power (CHP) plants, as well as in large-scale power plants. Pd-based membranes are therefore regarded as a Key Enabling Technology (KET) to facilitate the transition towards a knowledge-based, low-carbon, and resource-efficient economy. This Special Issue of the journal Membranes on “Pd-based Membranes: Overview and Perspectives” contains nine peer-reviewed articles. Topics include manufacturing techniques, understanding of material phenomena, module and reactor design, novel applications, and demonstration efforts and industrial exploitation.
Book Synopsis Palladium/Copper Alloy Composite Membranes for High Temperature Hydrogen Separation from Coal-Derived Gas Streams by :
Download or read book Palladium/Copper Alloy Composite Membranes for High Temperature Hydrogen Separation from Coal-Derived Gas Streams written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent advances have shown that Pd-Cu composite membranes are not susceptible to the mechanical, embrittlement, and poisoning problems that have prevented widespread industrial use of Pd for high temperature H2 separation. These membranes consist of a thin (≈10 [mu]m) film of metal deposited on the inner surface of a porous metal or ceramic tube. Based on preliminary results, thin Pd60Cu40 films are expected to exhibit hydrogen flux up to ten times larger than commercial polymer membranes for H2 separation, and resist poisoning by H2S and other sulfur compounds typical of coal gas. Similar Pd-membranes have been operated at temperatures as high as 750 C. The overall objective of the proposed project is to demonstrate the feasibility of using sequential electroless plating to fabricate Pd60Cu40 alloy membranes on porous supports for H2 separation. These following advantages of these membranes for processing of coal-derived gas will be demonstrated: High H2 flux; Sulfur tolerant, even at very high total sulfur levels (1000 ppm); Operation at temperatures well above 500 C; and Resistance to embrittlement and degradation by thermal cycling. The proposed research plan is designed to providing a fundamental understanding of: Factors important in membrane fabrication; Optimization of membrane structure and composition; Effect of temperature, pressure, and gas composition on H2 flux and membrane selectivity; and How this membrane technology can be integrated in coal gasification-fuel cell systems.
Book Synopsis Palladium Membrane Technology for Hydrogen Production, Carbon Capture and Other Applications by : A Doukelis
Download or read book Palladium Membrane Technology for Hydrogen Production, Carbon Capture and Other Applications written by A Doukelis and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-10-20 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thanks to their outstanding hydrogen selectivity, palladium membranes have attracted extensive R&D interest. They are a potential breakthrough technology for hydrogen production and also have promising applications in the areas of thermochemical biorefining. This book summarises key research in palladium membrane technologies, with particular focus on the scale-up challenges. After an introductory chapter, Part one reviews the fabrication of palladium membranes. Part two then focuses on palladium membrane module and reactor design. The final part of the book reviews the operation of palladium membranes for synthesis gas/hydrogen production, carbon capture and other applications. Review of manufacture and design issues for palladium membranes Discussion of the applications of palladium membrane technology, including solar steam reforming, IGCC plants, NGCC plants, CHP plants and hydrogen production Examples of the technology in operation
Book Synopsis High-Performance Palladium Based Membrane for Hydrogen Separation and Purification by :
Download or read book High-Performance Palladium Based Membrane for Hydrogen Separation and Purification written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mission of the DOE's Fuel Cell Technologies'Hydrogen Fuels R & D effort is to research, develop, and validate technologies for producing, storing, and delivering hydrogen in an efficient, clean, safe, reliable, and affordable manner. A key program technical milestone for hydrogen technology readiness is to produce hydrogen from diverse, domestic resources at $2.00-$3.00 per gallon of gasoline equivalent (gge) delivered, untaxed. Low-cost, high-temperature hydrogen separation membranes represent a key enabling technology for small-scale distributed hydrogen production units. Availability of such membranes with high selectivity and high permeability for hydrogen will allow their integration with hydrocarbon reforming and water gas shift reactions, potentially reducing the cost of hydrogen produced. Pd-metal-based dense membranes are known for their excellent hydrogen selectivity and permeability characteristics, however, utilization of these membranes has so far been limited to small scale niche markets for hydrogen purification primarily due to the relatively high cost of Pd-alloy tubes compared to pressure swing adsorption (PSA) units. This project was aimed at development of thin-film Pd-alloy membranes deposited on Pall Corporation's DOE-based AccuSep® porous metal tube substrates to form a composite hydrogen separation membrane for these applications. Pall's composite membrane development addressed the typical limitations of composite structures by developing robust membranes capable of withstanding thermal and mechanical stresses resulting from high temperature (400C), high pressure (400 psi steam methane reformer and 1000 psi coal) operations and thermal cycling involved in conventional hydrogen production. In addition, the Pd-alloy membrane composition was optimized to be able to offer the most stability in the typical synthesis gas environments produced by reforming of natural gas and bio-derived liquid fuels (BILI) validating the technical effectiveness and economic feasibility of the technology demonstrated. Results from this research added technology and product design information that offers the potential to significantly advance the commercial viability of hydrogen production.
Book Synopsis Nonporous Inorganic Membranes by : Anthony F. Sammells
Download or read book Nonporous Inorganic Membranes written by Anthony F. Sammells and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-12-13 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This reference book addresses the evolution of materials for both oxygen and hydrogen transport membranes and offers strategies for their fabrication as well as their subsequent incorporation into catalytic membrane reactors. Other chapters deal with, e.g., engineering design and scale-up issues, strategies for preparation of supported thin-film membranes, or interfacial kinetic and mass transfer issues. A must for materials scientists, chemists, chemical engineers and electrochemists interested in advanced chemical processing.
Book Synopsis Palladium/Copper Alloy Composite Membranes for High Temperature Hydrogen Separation by : J. Douglas Way
Download or read book Palladium/Copper Alloy Composite Membranes for High Temperature Hydrogen Separation written by J. Douglas Way and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report summarizes progress made during the a three year University Coal Research grant (DEFG26-03NT41792) at the Colorado School of Mines. The period of performance was September 1, 2003 through August of 2006. We made excellent progress toward our goal of contributing to the development of high productivity, sulfur tolerant composite metal membranes for hydrogen production and membrane reactors. Composite Pd and Pd alloy metal membranes with thin metal films (1-7 {micro}m) were prepared on porous stainless steel and ceramic supports that meet or exceed the DOE 2010 and 2015 pure hydrogen flux targets at differential pressure of only 20 psi. For example, a 2 {micro}m pure Pd membrane on a Pall AccuSep{reg_sign} substrate achieved an ideal H{sub 2}/N{sub 2} separation factor of over 6000, with a pure hydrogen flux of 210 SCFH/ft{sup 2} at only 20 psig feed pressure. Similar performance was achieved with a Pd{sub 80}Au{sub 20} composite membrane on a similar stainless steel substrate. Extrapolating the pure hydrogen flux of this PdAu membrane to the DOE Fossil Energy target conditions of 150 psia feed pressure and 50 psia permeate pressure gives a value of 508 SCFH/ft{sup 2}, exceeding the 2015 target. At these thicknesses, it is the support cost that will dominate the cost of a large scale module. In a direct comparison of FCC phase PdCu and PdAu alloys on identical supports, we showed that a Pd{sub 85}Au{sub 15} (mass %) alloy membrane is not inhibited by CO, CO{sub 2}, or steam present in a water-gas shift feed mixture at 400 C, has better resistance to sulfur than a Pd{sub 94}Cu{sub 6} membrane, and has over twice the hydrogen permeance.
Author :Harwell Laboratory. Energy Technology Support Unit. Fuel Cells Programme Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages : pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (599 download)
Book Synopsis Thin-supported Palladium-alloy Membranes for Hydrogen Purification by : Harwell Laboratory. Energy Technology Support Unit. Fuel Cells Programme
Download or read book Thin-supported Palladium-alloy Membranes for Hydrogen Purification written by Harwell Laboratory. Energy Technology Support Unit. Fuel Cells Programme and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Hydrogen Permeation Through Microfabricated Palladium-silver Alloy Membranes by : Logan Scott McLeod
Download or read book Hydrogen Permeation Through Microfabricated Palladium-silver Alloy Membranes written by Logan Scott McLeod and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Energy efficient purification of hydrogen is an important technological challenge with broad applications in the chemical, petrochemical, metallurgical, pharmaceutical, textile and energy industries. Palladium-alloy membranes are particularly suited to this problem due to their high hydrogen permeability, thermal stability, and virtually infinite selectivity. In current systems hydrogen flux is observed to be inversely proportional to membrane thickness which is indicative of the interstitial diffusion mechanism of hydrogen permeation. This observation, along with the high cost of palladium, has motivated continuous efforts to decrease membrane thickness. Theoretical modeling of membrane performance predicts that as membrane thickness continues to decrease, eventually the permeation rate will no longer be limited by diffusion through the bulk Pd but will become limited by desorption from the permeate surface. If it exists, this is a vital transition to pinpoint due to the fact that below this thickness membrane operating conditions will have a drastically different effect on hydrogen permeation behavior and no additional performance enhancements will result from further decreasing thickness. A handful of experimental results in the open literature contradict these modeling predictions. A new model is developed in this work to explain these contradictions by considering the non-ideal behavior of hydrogen solution into metals which has been neglected in previous models. Additionally, it has been demonstrated that hydrogen permeation through bulk Pd depends on membrane microstructure, making deposition conditions and post-deposition thermal treatment important issues for repeatable performance.
Book Synopsis The Construction of Palladium and Palladium-alloy Supported Membranes for Hydrogen Separation Using Supercritical Fluid Deposition by : Scott M. Fisher
Download or read book The Construction of Palladium and Palladium-alloy Supported Membranes for Hydrogen Separation Using Supercritical Fluid Deposition written by Scott M. Fisher and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Pd-based Membranes. Overview and Perspectives by : Thijs Peters
Download or read book Pd-based Membranes. Overview and Perspectives written by Thijs Peters and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Palladium (Pd)-based membranes have received a great deal of attention from both academia and industry thanks to their ability to selectively separate hydrogen from gas streams. The integration of such membranes with appropriate catalysts in membrane reactors allows for hydrogen production with CO2 capture that can be applied in smaller bioenergy or combined heat and power (CHP) plants, as well as in large-scale power plants. Pd-based membranes are therefore regarded as a Key Enabling Technology (KET) to facilitate the transition towards a knowledge-based, low-carbon, and resource-efficient economy. This Special Issue of the journal Membranes on "Pd-based Membranes: Overview and Perspectives" contains nine peer-reviewed articles. Topics include manufacturing techniques, understanding of material phenomena, module and reactor design, novel applications, and demonstration efforts and industrial exploitation.
Book Synopsis PALLADIUM/COPPER ALLOY COMPOSITE MEMBRANES FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE HYDROGEN SEPARATION. by :
Download or read book PALLADIUM/COPPER ALLOY COMPOSITE MEMBRANES FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE HYDROGEN SEPARATION. written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report summarizes progress made during the first year of research funding from DOE Grant No. DE-FG26-03NT41792 at the Colorado School of Mines. The period of performance was September 1, 2003 through August of 2004. Composite membranes, consisting of a thin Pd alloy film supported on a porous substrate have been investigated as a means of reducing the membrane cost and improving H[sub 2] flux. An electroless plating technique was utilized to deposit subsequent layers of palladium and copper over zirconia and alumina-based microfilters. The composite membranes thus made were annealed and tested at temperatures ranging from 250 to 500 C, under very high feed pressures (up to 450 psig) using pure gases and gaseous mixtures containing H[sub 2], CO, CO[sub 2], H[sub 2]O and H[sub 2]S, with the purpose of determining the effects these variables had on the H[sub 2] permeation rate, selectivity and percent recovery. The inhibition caused by CO/CO[sub 2] gases on a 7 [micro]m thick Pd-Cu composite membrane was less than 17% over a wide range of compositions at 350 C. H[sub 2]S caused a strong inhibition of the H[sub 2] flux of the same Pd-Cu composite membrane, which is accentuated at levels of 100 ppm or higher. The membrane was exposed to 50 ppm three times without permanent damage. At higher H[sub 2]S levels, above 100 ppm the membrane suffered some physical degradation and its performances was severely affected. The use of sweep gases improved the hydrogen flux and recovery of a Pd-Cu composite membrane. Recently, we have been able to dramatically reduce the thickness of these Pd alloy membranes to approximately one micron. This is significant because at this thickness, it is the cost of the porous support that controls the materials cost of a composite Pd alloy membrane, not the palladium inventory. Very recent results show that the productivity of our membranes is very high, essentially meeting the DOE pure hydrogen flux target value set by the DOE Hydrogen Program. These results were obtained when a 1.3-micron-thick Pd[sub 95]Cu[sub 5] (composition given in mass %) alloy film was coated on a Pall Corporation Membralox[reg-sign] T1-70 tubular ceramic substrate. The flux of this membrane would be even higher if the alloy composition was 40 wt. % Cu.
Book Synopsis Palladium Alloy Membranes for Hydrogen Separation by :
Download or read book Palladium Alloy Membranes for Hydrogen Separation written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Low Cost Hydrogen/novel Membrane Technology for Hydrogen Separation from Synthesis Gas by :
Download or read book Low Cost Hydrogen/novel Membrane Technology for Hydrogen Separation from Synthesis Gas written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The production of hydrogen from synthesis gas made by gasification of coal is expensive. The separation of hydrogen from synthesis gas is a major cost element in the total process. In this report we describe the results of a program aimed at the development of membranes and membrane modules for the separation and purification of hydrogen from synthesis gas. The performance properties of the developed membranes were used in an economic evaluation of membrane gas separation systems in the coal gasification process. Membranes tested were polyetherimide and a polyamide copolymer. The work began with an examination of the chemical separations required to produce hydrogen from synthesis gas, identification of three specific separations where membranes might be applicable. A range of membrane fabrication techniques and module configurations were investigated to optimize the separation properties of the membrane materials. Parametric data obtained were used to develop the economic comparison of processes incorporating membranes with a base-case system without membranes. The computer calculations for the economic analysis were designed and executed. Finally, we briefly investigated alternative methods of performing the three separations in the production of hydrogen from synthesis gas. The three potential opportunities for membranes in the production of hydrogen from synthesis gas are: (1) separation of hydrogen from nitrogen as the final separation in a air-blown or oxygen-enriched air-blown gasification process, (2) separation of hydrogen from carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide to reduce or eliminate the conventional ethanolamine acid gas removal unit, and (3) separation of hydrogen and/or carbon dioxide form carbon monoxide prior to the shift reactor to influence the shift reaction. 28 refs., 54 figs., 40 tabs.
