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Cosmic Ray Anisotropy And The Gross Structure Of The Interplanetary Magnetic Field
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Book Synopsis Cosmic Ray Anisotropy and the Gross Structure of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field by : Harjit Singh Ahluwalia
Download or read book Cosmic Ray Anisotropy and the Gross Structure of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field written by Harjit Singh Ahluwalia and published by . This book was released on 1978* with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Sector Structure of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field and Anisotropy of 50-1000 GV Cosmic Radiation by : G. Erdõs
Download or read book Sector Structure of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field and Anisotropy of 50-1000 GV Cosmic Radiation written by G. Erdõs and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Comic Rays in Interplanetary Magnetics Fields by : I.N. Toptygin
Download or read book Comic Rays in Interplanetary Magnetics Fields written by I.N. Toptygin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fast particles of natural or1g1n (cosmic rays) have been used for a long time as an important source of astrophysical and geophysical information. A study of cosmic ray spectra, time variations, abundances, gradients, and anisotropy provides a wealth of data on physical conditions in the regions of cosmic ray generation as well as in the media through which cosmic rays propagate. Astrophysical aspects of cosmic ray physics have been considered in a number of monograpqs. The most detailed seems to be "The Origin of Cosmic Rays" by V. L. Ginzburg and S. 1. Syrovatskij (1964) which is, however, concerned mainly with galactic cosmic rays. The physics of the circumsolar space is discussed in this book only rather briefly. Several other monographs have been devoted mostly to the physics of the interplanetary medium and cosmic rays in interplanetary space. These include the books by Dorman (1963, 1975a, b), Parker (1963), Dorman and Miroshnichenko (1968). The present monograph differs from the above mentioned books in two main aspects: (i) It presents a unified theoretical approach to analys{ng the properties of fast particles in interplanetary space, based upon consideration of cosmic rays as a highly energetic component of the interplane~ary plasma, which makes use of the plasma physics methods to describe the behaviour of cosmic rays.
Book Synopsis Cosmic Rays in Interplanetary Magnetic Fields by : I.N. Toptygin
Download or read book Cosmic Rays in Interplanetary Magnetic Fields written by I.N. Toptygin and published by Springer. This book was released on 1985-12-31 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fast particles of natural or1g1n (cosmic rays) have been used for a long time as an important source of astrophysical and geophysical information. A study of cosmic ray spectra, time variations, abundances, gradients, and anisotropy provides a wealth of data on physical conditions in the regions of cosmic ray generation as well as in the media through which cosmic rays propagate. Astrophysical aspects of cosmic ray physics have been considered in a number of monograpqs. The most detailed seems to be "The Origin of Cosmic Rays" by V. L. Ginzburg and S. 1. Syrovatskij (1964) which is, however, concerned mainly with galactic cosmic rays. The physics of the circumsolar space is discussed in this book only rather briefly. Several other monographs have been devoted mostly to the physics of the interplanetary medium and cosmic rays in interplanetary space. These include the books by Dorman (1963, 1975a, b), Parker (1963), Dorman and Miroshnichenko (1968). The present monograph differs from the above mentioned books in two main aspects: (i) It presents a unified theoretical approach to analys{ng the properties of fast particles in interplanetary space, based upon consideration of cosmic rays as a highly energetic component of the interplane~ary plasma, which makes use of the plasma physics methods to describe the behaviour of cosmic rays.
Book Synopsis A Simple Model of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field: The cosmic ray anisotropy by : David Peter Stern
Download or read book A Simple Model of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field: The cosmic ray anisotropy written by David Peter Stern and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Anomalous Cosmic-ray Anisotropy and Unidirectional Interplanetary Magnetic Field During 1954 by : Stanford University. Institute for Plasma Research
Download or read book Anomalous Cosmic-ray Anisotropy and Unidirectional Interplanetary Magnetic Field During 1954 written by Stanford University. Institute for Plasma Research and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Observations of the interplanetary magnetic field during solar minimum lead to the following important conclusions for cosmic ray modulation: (a) the interplanetary magnetic field does not show any sector structure for a few solar rotations, i.e. the field has polarity away from the sun during this interval, (b) cosmic ray diffusion in the interplanetary medium is essentially anisotropic for rigidity of the order of 10 GV (K parallel/K perpendicular approximately 0.01 ratio of diffusion coefficients calculated from the magnetic-field power spectra by Jokipii and Coleman). If diffusion occurs essentially along the magnetic field lines, the cosmic ray density U(r, T) is a symmetric function of the heliolatitude lambda with a minimum in the equatorial plane: U(r, T, lambda) proportional to a exp( -b cosine squared (lambda)). Therefore a cosmic ray density gradient across the solar equatorial plane exists and it depends on the size of the modulation region. (Modified author abstract).
Book Synopsis A Simple Model of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field. Part 2: The Cosmic Ray Anisotropy by : United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Download or read book A Simple Model of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field. Part 2: The Cosmic Ray Anisotropy written by United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Simple Model of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field. Part 2: The Cosmic Ray Anisotropy by : United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Download or read book A Simple Model of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field. Part 2: The Cosmic Ray Anisotropy written by United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Anisotropy of the Cosmic-ray Flux Caused by an Interplanetary Magnetic Field by : Ronald Rice Harrington
Download or read book Anisotropy of the Cosmic-ray Flux Caused by an Interplanetary Magnetic Field written by Ronald Rice Harrington and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effect of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field on the Propagation of Cosmic Rays by : Kenneth G. McCracken
Download or read book Effect of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field on the Propagation of Cosmic Rays written by Kenneth G. McCracken and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a study of cosmic-ray propagation in the interplanetary magnetic field using spacecraft and neutron monitor data. Improved methods have been developed for mapping cosmic ray flux as a function of direction and time. This cosmic-ray mapping technique made possible a detailed study of the Forbush decrease observed on January 20, 1966. Using numerical filtration techniques developed for the purpose, demi-diurnal and dirunal components of cosmic radiation were studied. Two distinctly different anisotropies were identified in the course of studying the interrelationship of cosmic ray anistropy and the interplanetary magnetic field. One anisotropy is due to convective removal of cosmic radiation from the solar system by the radial flow of the solar wind. The other is due to diffusion of the cosmic radiation parallel to the lines of force of the interplanetary magnetic field. Temporal variability of Pioneer VII data during high counting rate periods has been studied. Study of some five days of data indicates continuous fluctuation of the cosmic radiation flux, with periods as short as five minutes occurring frequenctly. No diminution of fluctuation amplitude with time was observed. (Author).
Book Synopsis Cosmic Rays in Magnetospheres of the Earth and other Planets by : Lev Dorman
Download or read book Cosmic Rays in Magnetospheres of the Earth and other Planets written by Lev Dorman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-01-20 with total page 770 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The problem of cosmic ray (CR) geomagnetic effects came to the fore at the beg- ning of the 1930s after the famous expeditions by J. Clay onboard ship (Slamat) between the Netherlands and Java using an ionization chamber. Many CR la- tude expeditions were organized by the famous scientists and Nobel Laureates R. Millikan and A. Compton. From the obtained latitude curves it follows that CRs cannot be gamma rays (as many scientists thought at that time), but must be charged particles. From measurements of azimuthally geomagnetic effect at that time it also followed that these charged particles must be mostly positive (see Chapter 1, and for more details on the history of the problem see monographs of Irina Dorman, M1981, M1989). The ?rst explanations of obtained results were based on the simple dipole - proximation of the geomagnetic ?eld and the theory of energetic charged particles moving in dipole magnetic ?elds, developed in 1907 by C. Stormer ̈ to explain the aurora phenomenon. Let us note that it was made about 5 years before V. Hess discovered CRs, and received the Nobel Prize in 1936 together with K. Anderson (for the discovery of CR and positrons in CR).
Book Synopsis The Role of Chaos and Magnetic Fields in the Cosmic Ray Anisotropy by : Vanessa Maria López Barquero (Ph., D)
Download or read book The Role of Chaos and Magnetic Fields in the Cosmic Ray Anisotropy written by Vanessa Maria López Barquero (Ph., D) and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cosmic rays are detected on Earth with an energy-dependent anisotropy in their arrival direction. Recent experimental results of this arrival distribution of high-energy cosmic rays (CRs) have motivated studies aimed at improving our understanding of the cosmic ray transport and their propagating media. This arrival distribution involves a convolution of the distribution of sources and the effects of the magnetic field properties through which particles propagate. Nonetheless, no comprehensive explanation has been put forth to date. Understanding what causes this cosmic-ray anisotropy and how we can use it to learn about the characteristics of the media they traverse are the central questions of this thesis. More specifically, this dissertation will explore the effects of magnetic fields and various magnetic structures on the anisotropy of arriving CRs from TeV to PeV scales. These contributions can impact the largest angular scale to the medium- and small-scale angular structures. This investigation centers around the effects of three physical processes: one on the chaotic behavior in coherent magnetic structures, another one on magnetic turbulence, and a third on heliospheric effects First, we detail the effects of chaos and trapping in coherent structures on the CR propagation. We apply a new method to characterize chaotic trajectories in bound systems. This method is based on the Finite-Time Lyapunov Exponent (FTLE), which determines the degree of chaos in the particles' trajectories. Furthermore, we model a coherent magnetic structure with time-perturbations that can be used to describe distinct magnetic systems and processes. Our results show that the FTLE, i.e., the level of chaos, is related to the CRs escape time from the system by a power-law relation. Additionally, this power law persists even if perturbations act on the system, pointing to the idea that this specific power law could be an essential parameter of the system. We also find that CRs can be divided into different categories according to their chaotic behavior. Moreover, these categories are distributed in specific regions in the arrival distribution maps. This means that various regions on the map could develop differently from one to another in time. Therefore, this result can provide the basis for time-variability in the CR arrival direction maps. We also discuss how turbulence in the interstellar medium can modify CR trajectories. To investigate this idea, we perform numerical integration of particle trajectories in compressible magnetohydrodynamic turbulence to study how the CRs arrival direction distribution is perturbed when streamed along the local turbulent magnetic field. We found that this inhomogeneous and turbulent interstellar magnetic field can imprint its structure on the CR maps. Another aspect explored is the heliospheric influence on particles with rigidities in the range of 1-10 TV. We test if anisotropies may arise from the interaction with the heliosphere. We employed a magnetic field model of the heliosphere for this goal and performed forward-propagating numerical calculations of particle trajectories. Our results show that the heliosphere can strongly redistribute the particles' directions, making it an indispensable component for the anisotropy. Finally, through these magnetic structures and mechanisms, we can learn about how CRs propagate and their arrival distribution. However, these particles can also act as probes for the properties of the different media they traverse and their places of origin. Therefore, the study of cosmic rays opens multiple doors for a better understanding of the universe.
Book Synopsis How Does the Global Structure of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field Affect Cosmic Ray Modulation?. by : J. Kóta
Download or read book How Does the Global Structure of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field Affect Cosmic Ray Modulation?. written by J. Kóta and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Solar Cosmic Rays and the Interplanetary Magnetic Field by : Carl S. Christensen
Download or read book Solar Cosmic Rays and the Interplanetary Magnetic Field written by Carl S. Christensen and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book NASA Technical Note written by and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Inter-relationship of Cosmic Ray Anisotropies and the Interplanetary Magnetic Field by : Kenneth G. McCracken
Download or read book The Inter-relationship of Cosmic Ray Anisotropies and the Interplanetary Magnetic Field written by Kenneth G. McCracken and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Long-Term Trends in Interplanetary Magnetic Field Strength and Solar Wind Structure During the Twentieth Century by :
Download or read book Long-Term Trends in Interplanetary Magnetic Field Strength and Solar Wind Structure During the Twentieth Century written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lockwood et al (1999) have recently reported a -40% increase in the radial component of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) at Earth between 1964 and 1996. We argue that this increase does not constitute a secular trend but is largely the consequence of lower than average fields during solar cycle 20 (1964-1976) in comparison with surrounding cycles. For times after 1976 the average IMF strength has actually decreased slightly. Examination of the cosmic ray intensity, an indirect measure of the IMF strength over the last five solar cycles (19-23) also indicates that cycle averages of the IMF strength have been relatively constant since -1954. We also consider the origin of the well-documented increase in the geomagnetic aa index that occurred primarily during the first half of the twentieth century. We surmise that the coronal mass ejection (CMB) rate for recent solar cycles was approximately twice as high as that for solar cycles 100 years ago.
