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Corrosion Of Selected Alloys In Sub And Supercritical Water Oxidation Environments
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Book Synopsis Corrosion of selected alloys in sub- and supercritical water oxidation environments by : Todd Andrew Danielson
Download or read book Corrosion of selected alloys in sub- and supercritical water oxidation environments written by Todd Andrew Danielson and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Corrosion Characteristics, Mechanisms and Control Methods of Candidate Alloys in Sub- and Supercritical Water by : Donghai Xu
Download or read book Corrosion Characteristics, Mechanisms and Control Methods of Candidate Alloys in Sub- and Supercritical Water written by Donghai Xu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-12-07 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to provide comprehensive and systematic introduction and summary of corrosion characteristics, mechanisms, and control methods of candidate alloys in sub- and supercritical water environment. First of all, corrosion types of candidate alloys and the effects of major alloying elements on corrosion resistance of potential alloys in sub- and supercritical water are compared and analyzed. At the same time, research status of candidate materials, and development and application trends of several corrosion-resistant alloys are summarized. Then, corrosion characteristics of Ni-Cr, Ni-Cr-Mo, Ni-Fe-Cr and Ni-Fe-Cr-Mo-Cu corrosion-resistant alloys, FeCrAl alloy, and Zircaloy are discussed in detail, including the corrosion rate, the structure and composition of oxide film, and the effects of various surface treatment processes, etc. More specifically, it also investigates corrosion behavior of Ni-based alloy, Fe-Ni-based, and stainless steels in supercritical water. The effects of aggressive species on the corrosion behavior of Ni-base alloys are also explored in supercritical water. Readers will further discover the total corrosion processes and mechanisms of typical candidate alloys in sub- and supercritical water environment. Finally, the work explores the corrosion control methods such as ceramic coatings and passivation processes in supercritical water oxidation and in subcritical water, respectively. Future challenges and development trends of corrosion research of candidate materials in sub- and supercritical water environments are covered at the end of this book. It offers valuable reference for theoretically guiding material selection and design and operating parameter optimization of key equipment in the sub- and supercritical water technologies. The book is written for senior undergraduates, graduate students, scholars, and researchers who are interested in corrosion behavior of candidate materials of supercritical water oxidation system, supercritical water gasification system, and nuclear reactor.
Book Synopsis Corrosion Behavior of Three High-grade Alloys in Supercritical Water Oxidation Environments by : Christopher Frank Matthews
Download or read book Corrosion Behavior of Three High-grade Alloys in Supercritical Water Oxidation Environments written by Christopher Frank Matthews and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Chemical Processing and Design by : JohnJ. McKettaJr
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Chemical Processing and Design written by JohnJ. McKettaJr and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-22 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ""Waste. Nuclear Reprocessing and Treatment Technologies to Waste, Solid, Trash Facts
Book Synopsis High Pressure Process Technology: Fundamentals and Applications by : A. Bertucco
Download or read book High Pressure Process Technology: Fundamentals and Applications written by A. Bertucco and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-10-15 with total page 684 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clear evidence of increasing demands in the processing industry prompted the editors and authors to publish a new book about High Pressure Process Technology: Fundamentals and Applications.This book presents the latest knowledge regarding the high pressure processing aspects combined with that about the modeling, the design and the operation of safe and reliable high pressure plants and equipment. This treatment and selection of the subjects is stimulating and unique. Consisting of nine chapters, each subdivided into several sections, the book addresses the high pressure aspects, providing well selected correlated information connected with a comprehensive overview together with a large number of references. The main body of the first eight chapters refers to subjects like high pressure in general, the thermodynamics and kinetics of the fluids involved, the design of high pressure equipment, the modeling and design of reactors, separation and fractionation units, the safety aspects, the control and economics.In the extended last chapter, examples of promising high pressure applications are explained, such as chemical and enzymatic reactions in supercritical solvents, hydrogenation under supercritical conditions, supercritical water oxidation, polymerization with metallocene catalysts, supercritical extraction, fractionation and precipitation, supercritical pharma processing, ultra-high pressure sterilization and supercritical dry-cleaning.
Book Synopsis An Investigation of Corrosion Mechanisms of Constructional Alloys in Supercritical Water Oxidation (SCWO) Systems by : Hojong Kim
Download or read book An Investigation of Corrosion Mechanisms of Constructional Alloys in Supercritical Water Oxidation (SCWO) Systems written by Hojong Kim and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: (Cont.) The suppression of dealloying at supercritical temperatures comes from the low proton concentration associated with the low dissociation constant of HCl and water. However, the growth rate of the dealloyed oxide layer at subcritical temperatures is very fast, which is primarily due to the dealloying and the high diffusivity of the nickel in this defective oxide layer. SCC at subcritical temperatures results from the dealloyed oxide layer formation along the grain boundary as intrusions, which act as a precursor to the crack initiation and propagation. SCC at the supercritical temperature is thought to result from the direct chemical attack of associated HC1 molecules. SCC is not observed in the neutral solution.
Book Synopsis Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences Accepted by Colleges and Universities of the United States and Canada by :
Download or read book Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences Accepted by Colleges and Universities of the United States and Canada written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Corrosion Investigation of Multilayered Ceramics and Experimental Nickel Alloys in SCWO Process Environments by :
Download or read book Corrosion Investigation of Multilayered Ceramics and Experimental Nickel Alloys in SCWO Process Environments written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A corrosion investigation was done at MODAR, Inc., using a supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) vessel reactor. Several types of multilayered ceramic rings and experimental nickel alloy coupons were exposed to a chlorinated cutting oil TrimSol, in the SCWO process. A corrosion casing was designed and mounted in the vessel reactor with precautions to minimize chances of degrading the integrity of the pressure vessel. Fifteen of the ceramic coated rings were stacked vertically in the casing at one time for each test. There was a total of 36 rings. The rings were in groupings of three rings that formed five sections. Each section saw a different SCWO environment, ranging from 650 to 300[degrees]C. The metal coupons were mounted on horizontal threaded holders welded to a vertical rod attached to the casing cover in order to hang down the middle of the casing. The experimental nickel alloys performed better than the baseline nickel alloys. A titania multilayered ceramic system sprayed onto a titanium ring remained intact after 120-180 hours of exposure. This is the longest time any coating system has withstood such an environment without significant loss.
Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Chemical Processing and Design by : John J. McKetta
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Chemical Processing and Design written by John J. McKetta and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis EFFECT OF DEEP OCEAN ENVIRONMENTS ON THE CORROSION OF SELECTED ALLOYS by : FREDERICK MORRIS REINHART
Download or read book EFFECT OF DEEP OCEAN ENVIRONMENTS ON THE CORROSION OF SELECTED ALLOYS written by FREDERICK MORRIS REINHART and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a partial report covering eight materials selected as representative of the different classes of alloys exposed in the Pacific Ocean at depths ranging from 2340 to 5640 feet for periods of time ranging from 123 to 1064 days. Aluminum alloy, 5086-H34, was attacked by intergranular corrosion which was manifested by pitting and edge penetration. It was also attacked by crevice corrosion. Its corrosion rates and pit depths increased with time of exposure. Copper alloy No. 715, alloy steel A1S1 4130 and the extra high strength low alloy steels corroded uniformly; their corrosion rates decreasing with increasing time of exposure regardless of depth. The nickel base alloy, Hastelloy C, was uncorroded. The austenitic stainless steel, 20-CB, also was uncorroded except for crevice corrosion after 197 days of exposure at a depth of 2340 feet. No significant effect of pressure on the corrosion behavior of these alloys is evident from the data presented. (Author).
Book Synopsis Supercritical Water Processing Technologies for Environment, Energy and Nanomaterial Applications by : Shuzhong Wang
Download or read book Supercritical Water Processing Technologies for Environment, Energy and Nanomaterial Applications written by Shuzhong Wang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-18 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book systematically presents the technical aspects of supercritical water oxidation and supercritical water gasification for energy and environmental applications, which include reactor design, construction materials, corrosion, salt precipitation, etc. The book provides a comprehensive introduction to the properties of supercritical water, and the industrial applications, reaction mechanisms and reaction kinetics of supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) and supercritical water gasification (SCWG). The reactions occurring in supercritical water are complex, and studying their reaction mechanisms is of great importance for the development of supercritical water processing technologies. Accordingly, the book explains the oxidative mechanisms and kinetics of organic matter in supercritical water in detail. However, the harsh reaction conditions in supercritical water can easily create severe reactor corrosion and salt deposition problems. Therefore, the book also comprehensively reports on the mechanism analysis, state of research, and development trends regarding these two problems. Lastly, the book summarizes the development of supercritical water processing technologies, including studies on SCWO and SCWG, as well as near-zero-emission systems of pollutants based on SCWO technology. In short, the book provides a wealth of valuable information for all readers who are interested in using SCWO for organic waste treatment, and in using SCWG for hydrogen production with wet biomass.
Book Synopsis General Reviews of Electrochemical and Corrosion Phenomena Under Conditions Associated with Supercritical Water Oxidation by : Christopher Russell Sydnor
Download or read book General Reviews of Electrochemical and Corrosion Phenomena Under Conditions Associated with Supercritical Water Oxidation written by Christopher Russell Sydnor and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis High-temperature Corrosion of Engineering Alloys by : G. Y. Lai
Download or read book High-temperature Corrosion of Engineering Alloys written by G. Y. Lai and published by ASM International(OH). This book was released on 1990 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this book is to provide engineers with extensive up-to-date high-temperature corrosion data pertinent to real industrial problems. The focus is on commercial alloys and deals with oxidation; carburization and metal dusting; nitridation; halogen corrosion; sulfidation; ash/salt deposit corrosion; molten salt corrosion; molten metal corrosion.
Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Environmental Analysis and Remediation by :
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Environmental Analysis and Remediation written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This encyclopedia is composed of an eight-volume set that provides an overview of the field of environmental analysis. The contents are divided into major content areas including air pollution control, environmental law, and environmental sampling. Thevolumes are organized alphabetically with each article signed by the author(s). The individual articles begin with a summary of the topic heading and then divide the text into subtopics indicated by boldface headings.The articles are written clearly, however, the authors assume a basic knowledge of chemistry and math on the part of the reader. For example, the acid mine drainage article refers to the Arrhenius equation, but does not clarify this statement in the text. Each article contains graphs as well as pictures to illustrate points made in the text. The articles are long and provide a detailed explanation of each topic. The authors also provide a bibliography at the end of each article.Special features of the encyclopedia include a list of contributors, a table of conversion factors and a list of abbreviations and acronyms. The preface outlines the general contents of the encyclopedia. The preface also includes sections that suggest the target audience and recommended usages for the set. The final volume of the set contains an alphabetic index to the topics contained in the volumes.
Book Synopsis Corrosion of Ferritic-martensitic Steels and Ni-based Alloys in Supercritical Water by : Xiaowei Ren
Download or read book Corrosion of Ferritic-martensitic Steels and Ni-based Alloys in Supercritical Water written by Xiaowei Ren and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Environmental Analysis and Remediation, Volume 8 by : Robert A. Meyers
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Environmental Analysis and Remediation, Volume 8 written by Robert A. Meyers and published by Wiley-Interscience. This book was released on 1998-03-23 with total page 708 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This encyclopedia is composed of an eight-volume set that provides an overview of the field of environmental analysis. The contents are divided into major content areas including air pollution control, environmental law, and environmental sampling. Thevolumes are organized alphabetically with each article signed by the author(s). The individual articles begin with a summary of the topic heading and then divide the text into subtopics indicated by boldface headings.The articles are written clearly, however, the authors assume a basic knowledge of chemistry and math on the part of the reader. For example, the acid mine drainage article refers to the Arrhenius equation, but does not clarify this statement in the text. Each article contains graphs as well as pictures to illustrate points made in the text. The articles are long and provide a detailed explanation of each topic. The authors also provide a bibliography at the end of each article.Special features of the encyclopedia include a list of contributors, a table of conversion factors and a list of abbreviations and acronyms. The preface outlines the general contents of the encyclopedia. The preface also includes sections that suggest the target audience and recommended usages for the set. The final volume of the set contains an alphabetic index to the topics contained in the volumes.
Book Synopsis Corrosion in Supercritical Water Oxidation Systems by : R. M. Latanision
Download or read book Corrosion in Supercritical Water Oxidation Systems written by R. M. Latanision and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Laboratory and pilot-scale supercritical water oxidation systems are operating today and that field experience indicates that corrosion in the pre-heater, reactor and cool-down sections of SCWO systems does, as expected, occur: accelerated general corrosion, pitting and stress corrosion cracking have been identified. This provides an imperfect and incomplete if, however, important part of the data base that must, ultimately, be considered in producing large scale commercial SCWO systems. Recognizing the gaps which exist in this base of field experience, this workshop created a first cut at a corrosion research agenda that should provide guidance to designers and equipment manufacturers in screening and qualifying materials of construction for SCWO hardware and monitoring devices. The consensus of those present is that wastage (accelerated general corrosion) is less of a concern than stress corrosion cracking which may lead to premature failure of systems components. A test matrix (see Section 4(a)) was established with the view that this matrix should be pursued in a dedicated SCWO system, the goal being to develop the engineering data base necessary to complement field experience which, in turn, would be used in constructing scaled-up systems. The test matrix takes into account the recognition that stress corrosion cracking is intimately a function of the microstructure of candidate materials (which is dependent on the processing history), the chemistry of the service environment, and the state of mechanical stress of the component in question. Stress corrosion cracking will only occur if a susceptible microstructure is exposed to a hostile environment in the presence of tensile stress. If any one of these elements is absent, SCC will not occur. In essence, what is required is an understanding of the range of conditions in SCWO systems where the coincidence of solid state-chemical-mechanical factors converge leading to SCC. The proposed dedicated SCWO test system would be instrumented to monitor pH, Cl-, 02, H2 and electrode potentials as well as crack initiation / propagation rates, the latter likely achieved by the potential drop method. Additionally, given the sometimes very high rate of corrosion (wastage) that has been observed in the field, provision should be made to include test coupons to allow monitoring of both general and localized (pitting) corrosion. As is often true in the development of engineering systems, engineering is likely to outpace fundamental (mechanistic) understanding of failure phenomena. It is likely that as the data base of both field and laboratory experience expands (including required inspection and maintenance tools and approaches) improved systems will be developed. In the interim it is essential to carefully manage the technological, economic and safety-related issues that are attendant with the development of engineering systems of all kinds..
