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Corporate Tax Avoidance And Industry Concentration
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Book Synopsis Corporate Tax Avoidance and Industry Concentration by : Julien Martin
Download or read book Corporate Tax Avoidance and Industry Concentration written by Julien Martin and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper argues that tax avoidance by large corporations has contributed to the 25% increase in concentration among U.S. firms since the mid-1990s. Corporate tax avoidance gives large firms a competitive edge, which translates into larger market shares and an increase in the granularity of the economy. We develop IV and difference-in-differences strategies that show the causal impact of tax avoidance on firm-level sales. Had firms not resorted to tax avoidance in 2017, our results imply that the average industry concentration would have been 8.3% lower, which is around its early 2000 level.
Book Synopsis Customer Concentration and Corporate Tax Avoidance by : Henry He Huang
Download or read book Customer Concentration and Corporate Tax Avoidance written by Henry He Huang and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We examine the relation between customer concentration, a critically important aspect of a firm's business model, and the level of corporate tax avoidance. A firm with a concentrated corporate customer base needs to hold more cash, faces a higher likelihood of financial distress, has a stronger incentive to manage earnings upwards, and is likely to be more risk tolerant. Since tax planning can increase both cash flow and accounting earnings and risk tolerant firms are more likely to accept the risks inherent in tax avoidance activities, we hypothesize that corporate customer concentration is positively associated with tax avoidance. As predicted, we find that various measures of corporate customer concentration are positively related to tax avoidance as measured by effective tax rate and book-tax difference. We also document that this positive relation is more pronounced when the firm captures a lower market share in its industry, enjoys less revenue diversification, and engages in less real earnings management. By contrast, we contend that a governmental major customer provides stable cash flow to suppliers and thus alleviates their need for tax avoidance. Consistent with this reasoning, we find that firms engage in lower levels of tax avoidance when they have a governmental major customer, and this association is less pronounced under Democratic presidencies. Together, our findings indicate that a firm's business model (i.e., corporate and governmental major customer) has a significant effect on the extent to which it avoids taxes.
Book Synopsis Tax Policy and Corporate Concentration by : Alan L. Feld
Download or read book Tax Policy and Corporate Concentration written by Alan L. Feld and published by Free Press. This book was released on 1982 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores the relation between federal taxation and corporate concentration in the United States.
Book Synopsis Knocking on Tax Haven's Door by : Julien Martin
Download or read book Knocking on Tax Haven's Door written by Julien Martin and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper argues that tax avoidance by large corporations has contributed to the 25% increase in concentration among U.S. firms since the mid-1990s. Corporate tax avoidance gives large firms a competitive edge, which translates into larger market shares and an increase in the granularity of the economy. We develop IV and difference-in-differences strategies that show the causal impact of tax avoidance on firm-level sales. Had firms not resorted to tax avoidance in 2017, our results imply that the average industry concentration would have been 8.3% lower, which is around its early 2000 level.
Book Synopsis International Corporate Tax Avoidance: A Review of the Channels, Magnitudes, and Blind Spots by : Sebastian Beer
Download or read book International Corporate Tax Avoidance: A Review of the Channels, Magnitudes, and Blind Spots written by Sebastian Beer and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-07-23 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reviews the rapidly growing empirical literature on international tax avoidance by multinational corporations. It surveys evidence on main channels of corporate tax avoidance including transfer mispricing, international debt shifting, treaty shopping, tax deferral and corporate inversions. Moreover, it performs a meta analysis of the extensive literature that estimates the overall size of profit shifting. We find that the literature suggests that, on average, a 1 percentage-point lower corporate tax rate will expand before-tax income by 1 percent—an effect that is larger than reported as the consensus estimate in previous surveys and tends to be increasing over time. The literature on tax avoidance still has several unresolved puzzles and blind spots that require further research.
Book Synopsis Taxing Corporate Income in the 21st Century by : Alan J. Auerbach
Download or read book Taxing Corporate Income in the 21st Century written by Alan J. Auerbach and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-04-16 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book was first published in 2007. Most countries levy taxes on corporations, but the impact - and therefore the wisdom - of such taxes is highly controversial among economists. Does the burden of these taxes fall on wealthy shareowners, or is it passed along to those who work for, or buy the products of, corporations? Can a country with high corporate taxes remain competitive in the global economy? This book features research by leading economists and accountants that sheds light on these and related questions, including how taxes affect corporate dividend policy, stock market value, avoidance, and evasion. The studies promise to inform both future tax policy and regulatory policy, especially in light of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and other actions by the Securities and Exchange Commission that are having profound effects on the market for tax planning and auditing in the wake of the well-publicized accounting scandals in Enron and WorldCom.
Book Synopsis Taxation and Business Concentration by : Tax Institute
Download or read book Taxation and Business Concentration written by Tax Institute and published by . This book was released on 1952 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Corporate Tax Avoidance and Social (Ir-)responsibility by : David Gremminger
Download or read book Corporate Tax Avoidance and Social (Ir-)responsibility written by David Gremminger and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, companies have increasingly emphasized their commitment in the area of corporate social responsibility (CSR). In view of this development, it is striking that at the same time, large corporations, including some that otherwise portray themselves as particularly socially responsible, are caught evading taxes. This poses a conundrum and raises several questions that this dissertation aims to address. To this end, this thesis explores the effects of corporate tax behavior and consequences of socially (ir-)responsible behavior. A particular focus is on the role of media coverage in this context. The first paper (Chapter 2) finds that while media coverage of tax behavior does not affect abnormal stock returns, consumers notice and penalize brands that engage in tax avoidance, and trading activity increases in response to media coverage of tax avoidance, suggesting heterogeneous reactions across investors. The second paper (Chapter 3) shows that paying a higher tax rate can help mitigate the negative effects of socially irresponsible behavior on firm performance. The third paper (Chapter 4) demonstrates the potential of state-of-the-art topic modeling techniques by examining the media coverage of corporate tax behavior and the importance of tax avoidance reporting relative to other tax-related news. Overall, this thesis contributes to our understanding of the complex relationships between corporate behavior and its consequences, highlighting the importance of considering the perspectives of multiple stakeholders. In doing so, the thesis can hopefully inform the public discourse on how to adequately address the issue of corporate tax avoidance.
Book Synopsis Corporate Tax Avoidance and Firm Value by : Silvio Santana
Download or read book Corporate Tax Avoidance and Firm Value written by Silvio Santana and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We investigate the relationship between corporate tax avoidance and firm value in Brazil. Although one might expect that tax avoidance activities result in generation of shareholder value, Desai and Dharmapala (2009a) showed this is not always the case. Implicit agency costs, whose existence was recently detected by the literature, may exceed the benefits of tax savings, causing destruction of shareholder value instead. To check what happens in Brazil, we conduct a regression analysis of panel data comprising 310 publicly traded firms in years 2007 to 2012, summing up 1,432 firm-year observations. We adopt BTD, controlled for total accruals, as proxy for tax avoidance and Tobin's q as proxy for firm value. Our results show that tax avoidance and firm value are negatively related in Brazil. We also evaluate the effect of corporate governance, finding evidence that it plays an important role in mitigating value destruction, as well as the effects of family management and ownership concentration.
Book Synopsis Institutional Ownership and Corporate Tax Avoidance by : Mozaffar Khan
Download or read book Institutional Ownership and Corporate Tax Avoidance written by Mozaffar Khan and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We provide new evidence on the agency theory of corporate tax avoidance (Slemrod 2004; Crocker and Slemrod 2005; Chen and Chu 2005) by showing that increases in institutional ownership are associated with increases in tax avoidance. Using the Russell index reconstitution setting to isolate exogenous shocks to institutional ownership, and a regression discontinuity design that facilitates sharper identification of treatment effects, we find a significant and discontinuous increase in tax avoidance following Russell 2000 inclusion. The tax avoidance involves the use of tax shelters, and immediate benefits include higher profit margins and likelihood of meeting or beating analyst expectations. Collectively the results shed light on the effect of increased ownership concentration on tax avoidance.
Book Synopsis Optimal Corporation Tax by : Luca Colombo
Download or read book Optimal Corporation Tax written by Luca Colombo and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our IO approach links optimal effective corporation tax rates to the nature of sunk costs within industries. Theory predicts that optimal effective corporation tax rates will be negatively related to industry specific sunk cost, and hence industry concentration. Governments should tax industries with monopolistic power softly. Evidence suggests that this Schumpeterian (1942) principle of corporate taxation was used widely across industries in France, Italy and the UK in the 1990s.
Book Synopsis Mergers and Economic Efficiency: Industrial concentration, mergers, and growth by :
Download or read book Mergers and Economic Efficiency: Industrial concentration, mergers, and growth written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Antitrust, Monopoly, and Business Rights Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :636 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (91 download)
Book Synopsis Mergers and economic concentration by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Antitrust, Monopoly, and Business Rights
Download or read book Mergers and economic concentration written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Antitrust, Monopoly, and Business Rights and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 636 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Tax Avoidance in Sub-Saharan Africa’s Mining Sector by : Ms. Giorgia Albertin
Download or read book Tax Avoidance in Sub-Saharan Africa’s Mining Sector written by Ms. Giorgia Albertin and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-09-28 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper aims to contribute to the international policy debate around profit shifting, tax avoidance and SSA’s revenue mobilization efforts in three ways. First, it examines the importance of mining, the role of multinational enterprises (MNEs), and mining revenue outcomes in SSA. Second, it assesses the magnitude of profit shifting in mining drawing on new macro level research, supplemented by case studies to illustrate the lived experience of tax avoidance in SSA mining. Third, the paper identifies tax policy reforms that could boost revenue mobilization in SSA.
Book Synopsis U.S. Investment Since the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 by : Emanuel Kopp
Download or read book U.S. Investment Since the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 written by Emanuel Kopp and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-05-31 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is no consensus on how strongly the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) has stimulated U.S. private fixed investment. Some argue that the business tax provisions spurred investment by cutting the cost of capital. Others see the TCJA primarily as a windfall for shareholders. We find that U.S. business investment since 2017 has grown strongly compared to pre-TCJA forecasts and that the overriding factor driving it has been the strength of expected aggregate demand. Investment has, so far, fallen short of predictions based on the postwar relation with tax cuts. Model simulations and firm-level data suggest that much of this weaker response reflects a lower sensitivity of investment to tax policy changes in the current environment of greater corporate market power. Economic policy uncertainty in 2018 played a relatively small role in dampening investment growth.
Book Synopsis The Hidden Wealth of Nations by : Gabriel Zucman
Download or read book The Hidden Wealth of Nations written by Gabriel Zucman and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2015-09-22 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We are well aware of the rise of the 1% as the rapid growth of economic inequality has put the majority of the world’s wealth in the pockets of fewer and fewer. One much-discussed solution to this imbalance is to significantly increase the rate at which we tax the wealthy. But with an enormous amount of the world’s wealth hidden in tax havens—in countries like Switzerland, Luxembourg, and the Cayman Islands—this wealth cannot be fully accounted for and taxed fairly. No one, from economists to bankers to politicians, has been able to quantify exactly how much of the world’s assets are currently hidden—until now. Gabriel Zucman is the first economist to offer reliable insight into the actual extent of the world’s money held in tax havens. And it’s staggering. In The Hidden Wealth of Nations, Zucman offers an inventive and sophisticated approach to quantifying how big the problem is, how tax havens work and are organized, and how we can begin to approach a solution. His research reveals that tax havens are a quickly growing danger to the world economy. In the past five years, the amount of wealth in tax havens has increased over 25%—there has never been as much money held offshore as there is today. This hidden wealth accounts for at least $7.6 trillion, equivalent to 8% of the global financial assets of households. Fighting the notion that any attempts to vanquish tax havens are futile, since some countries will always offer more advantageous tax rates than others, as well the counter-argument that since the financial crisis tax havens have disappeared, Zucman shows how both sides are actually very wrong. In The Hidden Wealth of Nations he offers an ambitious agenda for reform, focused on ways in which countries can change the incentives of tax havens. Only by first understanding the enormity of the secret wealth can we begin to estimate the kind of actions that would force tax havens to give up their practices. Zucman’s work has quickly become the gold standard for quantifying the amount of the world’s assets held in havens. In this concise book, he lays out in approachable language how the international banking system works and the dangerous extent to which the large-scale evasion of taxes is undermining the global market as a whole. If we are to find a way to solve the problem of increasing inequality, The Hidden Wealth of Nations is essential reading.
Book Synopsis The Ethics of Tax Evasion by : Robert W. McGee
Download or read book The Ethics of Tax Evasion written by Robert W. McGee and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-12-21 with total page 678 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why do people evade paying taxes? This is the central question addressed in this volume by Robert McGee and a multidisciplinary group of contributors from around the world. Applying insights from economics, public finance, political science, law, philosophy, theology and sociology, the authors consider the complex motivations for not paying taxes and the conditions under which this behavior might be rationalized. Applying theoretical approaches as well as empirical research, The Ethics of Tax Evasion considers three general arguments for tax evasion: (1) in cases where the government is corrupt or engaged in human rights abuses; (2) where citizens claim inability to pay, unfairness in the tax system, paying for things that do not benefit the taxpayer, excessively high tax rates, or where taxes are used to support an unpopular war; and (3) through philosophical, moral, or religious opposition. The authors further explore these issues by asking whether attitudes toward tax evasion differ by country or other demographic variables such as gender, age, ethnicity, income level, marital status, education or religion. The result is a multi-faceted analysis of tax evasion in cultural and institutional context, and, more generally, a study in ethical dilemmas and rational decision making.
