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Conversion Of Coal Wastes Into Waste Cleaning Materials Fianl Report 8 1 94 12 31 97
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Book Synopsis Conversion of Coal Wastes Into Waste-Cleaning Materials. Fianl Report (8/1/94-12/31/97). by :
Download or read book Conversion of Coal Wastes Into Waste-Cleaning Materials. Fianl Report (8/1/94-12/31/97). written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the beginning part of this project, we successfully converted the fly ash from the Eddystone plant of PECO Energy into faujasites and zeolite A. However, when we used the same approach to convert ashes from other power plants, it was not successful. Because of the differences in chemical compositions between different ashes, the conversion process has to be modified. Therefore the first goal in this project is to find a general method that can convert ashes of a wide variety of chemical compositions into zeolites. The zeolites synthesized from fly ash are then studied for their ion exchange behavior for the application in removing heavy metal ions from waste streams. In an attempt to broaden the applications of fly ash, investigation into the formation of mesoporous materials from fly ash was initiated. Mesoporous materials were discovered three years ago by scientists at Mobil and have been under active research by many researchers since then. Mesoporous materials have large surface areas with variable pore sizes in the range of>20 Å. Potential applications of mesoporous materials include catalysts, absorbents, molecular sieves, etc. If mesoporous materials can be converted from fly ash, it will open up another area of applications for fly ash. The second goal of this project is to convert fly ash into mesoporous materials.
Book Synopsis Conversion of Coal Wastes Into Waste-cleaning Materials. Quarterly Progress Report, August 1-December 31, 1994 by :
Download or read book Conversion of Coal Wastes Into Waste-cleaning Materials. Quarterly Progress Report, August 1-December 31, 1994 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Conversion of Coal Wastes Into Waste-cleaning Materials. Quarterly Progress Report, January 1, 1995-January 31, 1995 by :
Download or read book Conversion of Coal Wastes Into Waste-cleaning Materials. Quarterly Progress Report, January 1, 1995-January 31, 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Conversion of Coal Wastes Into Waste-cleaning Materials. Quarterly Progress Report, January 1, 1997--March 31, 1997 by :
Download or read book Conversion of Coal Wastes Into Waste-cleaning Materials. Quarterly Progress Report, January 1, 1997--March 31, 1997 written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this report, we present more detailed study on the microstructure and chemical compositions of the MCM-41 phase converted from Conemiaugh ash. The converted mesoporous material was analyzed by TEM and the Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy in the TEM. This part of the work was done in collaboration with Princeton University. The hexagonal mesoporous structure was found to have a pore size about 26. 1 Å with a Si/Al mole ratio of 13.4. In addition, we studied the conversion of several other fly ashes with a wide range of chemical compositions to mesoporous aluminosilicates. It was found that both Eddystone and Goudey fly ashes can be successfully converted into MCM-41 aluminosilicates. Moreover, besides working on the synthesis of aluminosilicate mesoporous materials by fusion of fly ash and Ca(OH)2 powder. The nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms and XRD patterns of this mesoporous material using Ca(OH)2 were similar to those of mesoporous material using NaOH. It is not clear at the moment whether the mesoporous materials using Ca(OH)2 contains any Ca or not. If it odes, then the mesoporous materials synthesized with Ca(OH)2 may be very useful for SO2/NO gas adsorption in pollutant emission control by the reaction between those gases with Ca.
Book Synopsis Conversion of Coal Wastes Into Waste-cleaning Materials. Quarterly Progress Report, October 1--December 31, 1995 by :
Download or read book Conversion of Coal Wastes Into Waste-cleaning Materials. Quarterly Progress Report, October 1--December 31, 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors have been investigating the conversion of fly ash into mesoporous materials in the last several months. Although lamellar phase has been observed, the hexagonal phase has not. According to the literature, only the hexagonal phase survives after calcination. Therefore, the goal is to synthesize hexagonal mesoporous materials with fly ash. It was pointed out by Chen et al. that the Si/Al molar ratio in the precursor solution must be larger than 74 in order for the hexagonal mesoporous phase (MCM-41) to be formed. On the other hand, the Si/Al molar ratio in the fly ash is lower than 74. In the last three months, the authors did a systematic study on the effect of Si/Al molar ratio on the formation of MCM-41 phase. The Si/Al molar ratio was varied from 148 to 1, the smallest ratio allowed by the Loewenstein rule. It was found that the amount of Al in the precursor solution can be as high as Si/Al=1 without disrupting the formation of aluminosilicate mesoporous materials (MCM-41). As the Si/Al ratio in the precursor solution was varied, the structure and the physical properties of the MCM-41 materials were changed. Lower Si/Al ratios tend to have a smaller shrinkage in the d100-spacing after calcination and have higher X-ray diffraction intensity. Results indicate that as the Al content increases, the MCM-41 materials tend to have a thicker cell wall.
Book Synopsis Conversion of Coal Wastes Into Waste-cleaning Materials. Quarterly Progress Report, January 1--March 31, 1996 by :
Download or read book Conversion of Coal Wastes Into Waste-cleaning Materials. Quarterly Progress Report, January 1--March 31, 1996 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is shown that fly ash can be used to participate in the formation of mesoporous materials. The dissolution of silicate species changes the surfactant/Si molar ratio in the silicate-surfactant solutions precipitating the MCM-41 phase. The current results demonstrate that fly ash can be used to form mesoporous materials and the impurities in the fly ash is not detrimental to the formation of MCM-41 phase. Although the MCM-41 phase can be formed with fly ash in the silicate-surfactant solutions, no MCM-41 phase can be made with solutions of surfactant/Si=0.35. The study so far indicates that fly ash has the potential to be used to form mesoporous materials. However, in order to make further progress, the concentration of silicate and aluminate species in the solutions needs to be controlled. In other words, the chemistry of the fly ash solutions needs to be studied in more detail. In the next few months, the authors plan to study the effects of using different fly ash solutions for the formation of zeolites as the first step in controlling the chemistry of fly ash solutions. Once the chemical composition of the fly ash can be controlled, it may be possible to increase the amount of participation of fly ash to the formation of mesoporous materials.
Book Synopsis Conversion of Coal Wastes in to Waste-cleaning Materials. Quarterly Progress Report, July 1, 1995 - September 30, 1995 by :
Download or read book Conversion of Coal Wastes in to Waste-cleaning Materials. Quarterly Progress Report, July 1, 1995 - September 30, 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Conversion of Coal Wastes Into Waste-cleaning Materials. Quarterly Progress Report, April 1, 1995-June 30, 1995 by :
Download or read book Conversion of Coal Wastes Into Waste-cleaning Materials. Quarterly Progress Report, April 1, 1995-June 30, 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Conversion of Coal Wastes Into Waste-cleaning Materials. Quarterly Progress Report, July 1, 1996--September 30, 1996 by :
Download or read book Conversion of Coal Wastes Into Waste-cleaning Materials. Quarterly Progress Report, July 1, 1996--September 30, 1996 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last few months we have been working on the conversion of various fly ashes into zeolites. It was reported in the last report that by fusing fly ash with sodium hydroxide, all fly ashes that were studied can be converted into zeolites. Apparently, the fusion between the fly ash and sodium hydroxide produced sodium silicates which dissolve more readily than fly ash itself. The higher concentration of silicates within the solutions enhances the formation of zeolites. In this report, we summarize the results on the ion-exchange behavior of those treated fly ash with Cs, Co{sup 2+} and Cu{sup 2+} ions as well as the characterization of the concentration of Si, Al, and Na in the curing solutions.
Book Synopsis Conversion of Coal Wastes Into Waste-cleaning Materials. Quarterly Progress Report, April 1, 1996--June 30, 1996 by :
Download or read book Conversion of Coal Wastes Into Waste-cleaning Materials. Quarterly Progress Report, April 1, 1996--June 30, 1996 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Work on this project has concentrated on studying fly ash provided by PECO Energy. This ash has a composition, 52 wt% SiO2, 30 wt% Al2O3, 10 wt% Fe3O4, and others. Previously, we have shown that this particular ash, which will be called Eddystone I, can be converted to faujasite and zeolite A at 38° C curing. In the last three months, we began to investigate whether the same treatment procedure can be applied to other ashes. Ashes from three different power plants were solicited and studied. In order to overcome the problem of wide variation in composition, a general approach needs to be found to treat different ashes. We adopted a fusion method that combines NaOH and silicon source more efficiently than simple dissolution of silicate in NaOH solution.
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 1474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Semiannual, with semiannual and annual indexes. References to all scientific and technical literature coming from DOE, its laboratories, energy centers, and contractors. Includes all works deriving from DOE, other related government-sponsored information, and foreign nonnuclear information. Arranged under 39 categories, e.g., Biomedical sciences, basic studies; Biomedical sciences, applied studies; Health and safety; and Fusion energy. Entry gives bibliographical information and abstract. Corporate, author, subject, report number indexes.
Download or read book Fossil Energy Update written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 1052 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Toxic Substances Sourcebook written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The professional's guide to information sources, key literature, and laws." Also includes conferences, books, films, directory of periodicals and data bases, list of periodicals and statistics, abstracts of papers presented, technical reports, and journal articles. Miscellaneous indexes.
Book Synopsis Federal Energy Administration Project Independence Blueprint by : United States. Federal Energy Administration
Download or read book Federal Energy Administration Project Independence Blueprint written by United States. Federal Energy Administration and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 912 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Environment Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Recycling and Reuse of Material Found on Superfund Sites by : Lawrence Smith
Download or read book Recycling and Reuse of Material Found on Superfund Sites written by Lawrence Smith and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1995-02 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides assistance in identifying recycling technologies for a wide variety of contaminants and matrices, including: energy recovery; decanting; thermal desorption; solvent extraction; pumping and recovery; freeze-crystallization; thermolysis; ion exchange; reverse osmosis; diffusion dialysis; evaporation; amalgamation; cementation; electrowinning; vitrification; physical separation; mercury distillation, etc. Contents: description of recycling technologies; product quality specifications; 8 case studies. Extensive references. 50 charts and tables.
Book Synopsis Project Independence Blueprint by : United States. Federal Energy Administration
Download or read book Project Independence Blueprint written by United States. Federal Energy Administration and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 916 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is Project Independence? The sources and uses of energy in the United States have changed dramatically in the last several decades. As a result, in just one generation, we have shifted from a position of domestic energy abundance to a substantial and continually growing reliance on foreign energy sources. Project Independence is a wide-ranging program to evaluate this growing dependence on foreign sources of energy, and to develop positive programs to reduce our vulnerability to future oil cut-offs and price increases.
