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Constraining The Scatter In The Mass Richness Relation Of Maxbcg Clusters With Weak Lensing And X Ray Data
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Book Synopsis Precision Cosmology with Galaxy Cluster Surveys by : Hao-Yi Wu
Download or read book Precision Cosmology with Galaxy Cluster Surveys written by Hao-Yi Wu and published by Stanford University. This book was released on 2011 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The acceleration of the universe, which is often attributed to "dark energy, " has posed one of the main challenges to fundamental physics. Galaxy clusters provide one of the most sensitive probes of dark energy because their abundance reflects the growth rate of large-scale structure and the expansion rate of the universe. Several large galaxy cluster surveys will soon provide tremendous statistical power to constrain the properties of dark energy; however, the constraining power of these surveys will be determined by how well systematic errors are controlled. Of these systematic errors, the dominant one comes from inferring cluster masses using observable signals of clusters, the so-called "observable--mass distribution." This thesis focuses on extracting dark energy information from forthcoming large galaxy cluster surveys, including how we maximize the cosmological information, how we control important systematics, and how precisely we need to calibrate theoretical models. We study how multi-wavelength follow-up observations can improve cluster mass calibration in optical surveys. We also investigate the impact of theoretical uncertainties in calibrating the spatial distributions of galaxy clusters on dark energy constraints. In addition, we explore how the formation history of galaxy clusters impacts the self-calibration of cluster mass. In addition, we use N-body simulations to develop a new statistical sample of cluster-size halos in order to further understand the observable--mass distribution. We study the completeness of subhalos in our cluster sample by comparing them with the satellite galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We also study how subhalo selections impact the inferred correlation between formation time and optical mass tracers, including cluster richness and velocity dispersion.
Book Synopsis Morphological Astronomy by : Fritz Zwicky
Download or read book Morphological Astronomy written by Fritz Zwicky and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Man has a great tendency to get lost or to hide, as the case may be, in a jungle of details and in unnecessary complications. Why do anything simply if you can do it complicated? And still, life itself presents a sufficient number of problems to keep us busy. There would seem to be no need to create additional difficulties, just for the fun of it, especially if these self-made difficulties become practically insuperable and if in the end they cause much unhappiness. The morphological mode of thought and of action was conceived to break the vicious hold which the parasitic wild growth of complications exerts on life in all of its phases. Morphological thought and action are likely to be of value in all human activities, once such thought and action have been clearly delineated and fully developed, and once they have been practised by a sufficiently large number of people. Since the morphological method is of the greatest universality, the choice of the field to which one applies it first is not particulary critical. The author intends to write two or three books on the morphology of several large scale problems, which are both of a technical and of a general social nature. The present book is concerned in particular with some implications of morphological thinking in astronomy. We shall above all emphasize the basic character of the morphological approach, and we shall demonstrate its constructive power in a number of specific cases.
Book Synopsis Introduction to Gravitational Lensing by : Massimo Meneghetti
Download or read book Introduction to Gravitational Lensing written by Massimo Meneghetti and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-12-10 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces the phenomenology of gravitational lensing in an accessible manner and provides a thorough discussion of the related astrophysical applications. It is intended for advanced undergraduates and graduate students who want to start working in this rapidly evolving field. This includes also senior researchers who are interested in ongoing or future surveys and missions such as DES, Euclid, WFIRST, LSST. The reader is guided through many fascinating topics related to gravitational lensing like the structure of our galaxy, the searching for exoplanets, the investigation of dark matter in galaxies and galaxy clusters, and several aspects of cosmology, including dark energy and the cosmic microwave background. The author, who has gained valuable experience as academic teacher, guides the readers towards the comprehension of the theory of gravitational lensing and related observational techniques by using simple codes written in python. This approach, beyond facilitating the understanding of gravitational lensing, is preparatory for learning the python programming language which is gaining large popularity both in academia and in the private sector.
Book Synopsis Clusters of Galaxies: Physics and Cosmology by : Andrei M. Bykov
Download or read book Clusters of Galaxies: Physics and Cosmology written by Andrei M. Bykov and published by Springer. This book was released on 2020-10-31 with total page 535 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clusters of galaxies are large assemblies of galaxies, hot gas and dark matter bound together by gravity. Galaxy clusters are now one of the most important cosmological probes to test the standard cosmological models. Constraints on the Dark Energy equation of state from the cluster number density measurements, deviations from the Gaussian perturbation models, the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect as well as the dark matter proles are among the issues to be studied with clusters. The baryonic composition of clusters is dominated by hot gas that is in quasi-hydrostatic equilibrium within the dark matter-dominated gravitational potential well of the cluster. The hot gas is visible through spatially extended thermal X-ray emission, and it has been studied extensively both for assessing its physical properties and as a tracer of the large-scale structure of the Universe. Magnetic fields as well as a number of non-thermal plasma processes play a role in clusters of galaxies as we observe from radioastronomical observations. The goal of this volume is to review these processes and to investigate how they are interlinked. Overall, these papers provide a timely and comprehensive review of the multi-wavelength observations and theoretical understanding of clusters of galaxies in the cosmological context. Thus, the volume will be particularly useful to postgraduate students and researchers active in various areas of astrophysics and space science. Originally published in Space Science Reviews in the Topical Collection "Clusters of Galaxies: Physics and Cosmology"
Book Synopsis Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems X by : Frank Roderic Harnden
Download or read book Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems X written by Frank Roderic Harnden and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Connecting Quarks with the Cosmos by : National Research Council
Download or read book Connecting Quarks with the Cosmos written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-03-12 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances made by physicists in understanding matter, space, and time and by astronomers in understanding the universe as a whole have closely intertwined the question being asked about the universe at its two extremesâ€"the very large and the very small. This report identifies 11 key questions that have a good chance to be answered in the next decade. It urges that a new research strategy be created that brings to bear the techniques of both astronomy and sub-atomic physics in a cross-disciplinary way to address these questions. The report presents seven recommendations to facilitate the necessary research and development coordination. These recommendations identify key priorities for future scientific projects critical for realizing these scientific opportunities.
Book Synopsis Heating versus Cooling in Galaxies and Clusters of Galaxies by : Hans Böhringer
Download or read book Heating versus Cooling in Galaxies and Clusters of Galaxies written by Hans Böhringer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-27 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume documents recent developments that have advanced our understanding of the heating and cooling mechanisms in galaxies and galaxy clusters. Chapters detail results from multi-wavelength observations and advances in numerical hydrodynamical simulations. An additional section covers new research findings on feedback and self-regulatory mechanisms during cosmic structure formation in general and in galaxy formation in particular.
Book Synopsis Statistics in Theory and Practice by : Robert Lupton
Download or read book Statistics in Theory and Practice written by Robert Lupton and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2020-05-05 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aimed at a diverse scientific audience, including physicists, astronomers, chemists, geologists, and economists, this book explains the theory underlying the classical statistical methods. Its level is between introductory "how to" texts and intimidating mathematical monographs. A reader without previous exposure to statistics will finish the book with a sound working knowledge of statistical methods, while a reader already familiar with the standard tests will come away with an understanding of their strengths, weaknesses, and domains of applicability. The mathematical level is that of an advanced undergraduate; for example, matrices and Fourier analysis are used where appropriate. Among the topics covered are common probability distributions; sampling and the distribution of sampling statistics; confidence intervals, hypothesis testing, and the theory of tests; estimation (including maximum likelihood); goodness of fit (including c2 and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests); and non-parametric and rank tests. There are nearly one hundred problems (with answers) designed to bring out points in the text and to cover topics slightly outside the main line of development.
Book Synopsis An Introduction to the Theory of Point Processes by : D.J. Daley
Download or read book An Introduction to the Theory of Point Processes written by D.J. Daley and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-04-10 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Point processes and random measures find wide applicability in telecommunications, earthquakes, image analysis, spatial point patterns, and stereology, to name but a few areas. The authors have made a major reshaping of their work in their first edition of 1988 and now present their Introduction to the Theory of Point Processes in two volumes with sub-titles Elementary Theory and Models and General Theory and Structure. Volume One contains the introductory chapters from the first edition, together with an informal treatment of some of the later material intended to make it more accessible to readers primarily interested in models and applications. The main new material in this volume relates to marked point processes and to processes evolving in time, where the conditional intensity methodology provides a basis for model building, inference, and prediction. There are abundant examples whose purpose is both didactic and to illustrate further applications of the ideas and models that are the main substance of the text.
Book Synopsis Virtual Observatories of the Future by : Robert J. Brunner
Download or read book Virtual Observatories of the Future written by Robert J. Brunner and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation Contains sixty-some contributions addressing the issues posed by the creation of a National Virtual Observatory (NVO). The history of the US NVO are detailed in these proceedings, as well as a variety of scientific, outreach, administrative, and other topics including cosmology, the search for rare and new types of objects, solar system surveys, education and public outreach, the role of existing data archive centers in the international virtual observatory, digital sky surveys, and computer science issues. Included is a draft version of the NVO white paper which was circulated to all conference attendees. Lacks a subject index. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)
Book Synopsis Nearby Galaxies Catalog by : R. Brent Tully
Download or read book Nearby Galaxies Catalog written by R. Brent Tully and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1988-04-29 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This catalogue is a companion of the Nearby Galaxies Atlas. The principal table in the catalog provides information on the 2,367 galaxies that are mapped in the atlas.
Book Synopsis Probes of the Early Universe by : Max Tegmark
Download or read book Probes of the Early Universe written by Max Tegmark and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The New Cosmology by : Roland E. Allen
Download or read book The New Cosmology written by Roland E. Allen and published by American Institute of Physics. This book was released on 2004-12-14 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers in this volume examine the recent revolutionary discoveries in cosmology and astronomy, and their theoretical interpretation. The observational evidence for an accelerating universe, and an earlier decelerating phase, is brought up to date with the newest results for the most distant and oldest Type Ia supernovae. The data from the WMAP satellite provide, for the first time, true precision cosmology: reliable results for the age of the universe, its geometry, its evolution over the past 13.7 billion years, and many other features, including the proportions of ordinary matter, dark matter, and dark energy. Other papers in this volume describe the information obtained with 21st century astronomical techniques, including gravitational lensing, studies across the electromagnetic spectrum with ground-based and NASA observatories, and surveys of millions of galaxies. The results are interpreted by leading theorists using both accepted and exotic theories, including inflation and superstring theory.
Book Synopsis The Physical Properties of the Groups of Galaxies by : Lorenzo Lovisari
Download or read book The Physical Properties of the Groups of Galaxies written by Lorenzo Lovisari and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Galaxy groups consist of a few tens of galaxies bound in a common gravitational potential and contain a significant fraction of the overall universal baryon budget. Therefore, they are key to our understanding of how the bulk of matter in the Universe accretes and forms hierarchical structures and how different sources of feedback affect their gravitational collapse. However, despite their crucial role in cosmic structure formation and evolution, galaxy groups have received less attention compared to massive clusters. This is perhaps in part due to their rarity in being observed and properly characterized. With the advent of eROSITA, many thousands of galaxy groups will be detected by X-ray, complementing optical and SZ coverage. In this Special Issue we collected and organized the latest developments in our understanding of these systems and present future prospects from both observational and theoretical points of view.
Download or read book 1775-1817 written by Edward Verrall Lucas and published by . This book was released on 1905 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems XI by : David A. Bohlender
Download or read book Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems XI written by David A. Bohlender and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Merging Processes in Galaxy Clusters by : L. Feretti
Download or read book Merging Processes in Galaxy Clusters written by L. Feretti and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-04-18 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mergers are the mechanisms by which galaxy clusters are assembled through the hierarchical growth of smaller clusters and groups. Major cluster mergers are the most energetic events in the Universe since the Big Bang. Many of the observed properties of clusters depend on the physics of the merging process. These include substructure, shock, intra cluster plasma temperature and entropy structure, mixing of heavy elements within the intra cluster medium, acceleration of high-energy particles, formation of radio halos and the effects on the galaxy radio emission. This book reviews our current understanding of cluster merging from an observational and theoretical perspective, and is appropriate for both graduate students and researchers in the field.
