Overcoming Obstacles to Peace

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Author :
Publisher : Rand Corporation
ISBN 13 : 0833078615
Total Pages : 394 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Overcoming Obstacles to Peace by : James Dobbins

Download or read book Overcoming Obstacles to Peace written by James Dobbins and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2013 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This volume analyzes the impediments that local conditions pose to successful outcomes of nation-building interventions in conflict-affected areas. Previous RAND studies of nation-building focused on external interveners' activities. This volume shifts the focus to internal circumstances, first identifying the conditions that gave rise to conflicts or threatened to perpetuate them, and then determining how external and local actors were able to modify or work around them to promote enduring peace. It examines in depth six varied societies: Cambodia, El Salvador, Bosnia and Herzegovina, East Timor, Sierra Leone, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It then analyzes a larger set of 20 major post-Cold War nation-building interventions. The authors assess the risk of renewed conflict at the onset of the interventions and subsequent progress along five dimensions: security, democratization, government effectiveness, economic growth, and human development. They find that transformation of many of the specific conditions that gave rise to or fueled conflict often is not feasible in the time frame of nation-building operations but that such transformation has not proven essential to achieving the primary goal of nation-building -- establishing peace. Most interventions in the past 25 years have led to enduring peace, as well as some degree of improvement in the other dimensions assessed. The findings suggest the importance of setting realistic expectations -- neither expecting nation-building operations to quickly lift countries out of poverty and create liberal democracies, nor being swayed by a negative stereotype of nation-building that does not recognize its signal achievements in the great majority of cases."--Page 4 of cover.

Militias and the Challenges of Post-Conflict Peace

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Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1780321171
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (83 download)

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Book Synopsis Militias and the Challenges of Post-Conflict Peace by : Chris Alden

Download or read book Militias and the Challenges of Post-Conflict Peace written by Chris Alden and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2011-03-10 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Militias have proven to be a consistent and enduring challenge to achieving peace in war zones around the world. Whether armed by embattled governments in defence of their territory or fostered by external actors in the interests of greed or grievance, these groups occupy an uncertain and deeply controversial position in the changing landscape of conflict. Linked variously to atrocities against civilians or international criminal elements, part of what distinguishes them from more traditional combatants is their willingness to engage in violent tactics that defy international norms as well as a proclivity to embrace expediency in alliance-making. As such, their diversity of form, unorthodox nature and sheer numbers make achieving short-term stability and an enduring peace a consistently difficult proposition. Bringing together the lessons learned from four intensively researched case studies - the Democratic Republic of Congo, Timor-Leste, Afghanistan and Sudan - the book argues that the overly rigid 'cookie-cutter' approach to demilitaristation, developed and commonly implemented presently by the international community, is ineffective at meeting the myriad of challenges involving militias. In doing so, the authors propose a radical new framework for demilitarization that questions conventional models and takes into account on-the-ground realities.

The Role of Institutions

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Author :
Publisher : Art Letras
ISBN 13 : 8561326409
Total Pages : 421 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (613 download)

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Book Synopsis The Role of Institutions by : Bárbara Teixeira Vilarinhos

Download or read book The Role of Institutions written by Bárbara Teixeira Vilarinhos and published by Art Letras. This book was released on 2013-07-26 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We live in a world of inequalities. Every day, people are born to intensely degrading realities that curb their opportunities of success and perpetrate a vicious cycle of poverty. "The Role of Institutions: Devising Mechanisms for an Inclusive World" explores how the institutional framework contributes to the maintenance or reduction of such inequalities, analyzing the impacts – both positive and negative – of existing institutions in specific scenarios. Each of the eight articles approaches a pressing theme of the international agenda – including rule of law; fiscal responsibility; health conditions in refugees' camps; disaster risk management; labor standards; gender-based structural violence; nuclear weapons control; and state failure –, analyzing the role institutions play on the definition of the fate of countries and their citizens.

Vanquished Peace

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Publisher : Adonis & Abbey Publishers Ltd
ISBN 13 : 1909112895
Total Pages : 181 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Vanquished Peace by : Gerrie SwartA

Download or read book Vanquished Peace written by Gerrie SwartA and published by Adonis & Abbey Publishers Ltd. This book was released on 2010-11-30 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Democratic Republic of the Congo has endured a long, difficult and brutal chapter in its history of independence, characterized by chaos, turmoil, instability, violence, conflict and one of the most brutal wars Africa has witnessed to date. It is regrettably a chapter that has defied a satisfactory and peaceful conclusion- and one that continues to be written each and every day, adding further casualties in its wake with each passing year. As the country prepared to celebrate its 50th anniversary of independence on 30 June 2010 from erstwhile colonial power, Belgium, there is a real danger that the 'politics of forgetting' could once again set in- forgetting that this vast country is nowhere near being 'at peace' with itself and the rest of the Great Lakes Region. The country had accumulated a history of protracted violence, with little or no shared experience of genuine peace to offset these negative interactions. Throughout its various incarnations, as the Congo Free State (1885-1908), the Belgian Congo (1908-1960), the Congo Republic (1960-1971), Zaire (1971-1997) and finally the Democratic Republic of the Congo (since 1997), an enduring feature and image that has held sway in all narratives has been that of an entity immersed in an unrelenting sense of statelessness, further embedded in a perpetual state of chaos. At the turn of the twenty-first century, Congo had become the veritable epicentre of conflict in Africa and the dearth of peaceful coexistence in the country has vividly revealed the numerous flaws that peace can possess if it is devoid of structural stability, integrity and most importantly the ability to address the underlying causes and factors that continue to foment and facilitate conflict to take place in this war-torn nation. The aim of this volume is to serve as an 'audit' and appraisal of the DRC's post-conflict peace dividend - in particular to undertake a post-peace accord appraisal of the various gains achieved and also the numerous setbacks that continue to challenge the behemoth that is the Democratic Republic of the Congo, in its long and arduous journey to peace, prosperity and national unity. An observation that could be made from the very outset of this analysis is that the ideals of a positive, sustainable (let alone perpetual peace) in the Congo has largely been a vision etched on numerous paper peace agreements, yet remains largely unfulfilled in Congolese citizens' everyday reality. Even where some laudable progress has been made, the threat of large-scale reversal and a return to full-scale conflict and combat remain omnipresent

Justifying Interventions in Africa

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Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 0230374964
Total Pages : 307 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Justifying Interventions in Africa by : N. Wilén

Download or read book Justifying Interventions in Africa written by N. Wilén and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-02-21 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new paperback edition of Justifying Interventions in Africa includes a new preface written by Professor Annika Björkdahl from Lund University. Analysing the UN interventions in Liberia, Burundi and the Congo, Wilén poses the question of how one can stabilize a state through external intervention without destabilizing sovereignty. She critically examines the justifications for international and regional interventions through a social constructivist framework.

Business of Civil War

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Author :
Publisher : African Books Collective
ISBN 13 : 2869785526
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (697 download)

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Book Synopsis Business of Civil War by : Patience Kabamba

Download or read book Business of Civil War written by Patience Kabamba and published by African Books Collective. This book was released on 2013 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Within the context of the absence of effective state sovereignty and the presence of numerous armed struggles for power, Nande traders have managed to build and protect self-sustaining, prosperous, transnational economic enterprises in eastern Congo. This book discusses the commercial enterprises of the Nande trust networks and the subsequent transnational community they have produced, thereby challenging the assumption that a "weak state" or a "failed state" or even a "collapsed state" can be presumed to signal a "failed" society. It demonstrates the fact that several sovereignties and property right systems can coexist side by side, reinforcing each other - an idea which seems inconceivable for those with a normative view of governmental institutions and state sovereignty. Rethinking the question of African state formation, the study contributes to the formulation of a more rigorously transnational and local paradigms in the study of post-colonial African state formations. It constitutes an original contribution to critical theory of societal responses to processes of state implosion, and the anthropology of new social formations that emerge when states disintegrate, especially in war-torn Africa. The book also discusses issues related to the dynamics of conflict, new state formation, transnational trade network, ethnicity, and global political and economic governance. In the midst of abundant anti-ethnic literature on African studies, this study posits that there may be a renewed usefulness and necessity in theorizing the salience and continuing production of 'ethnic' differences in a manner that challenges the notion of ethnicity as merely a devious and divisive invention of colonialism that must simply be overcome.

Elections in Dangerous Places

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Author :
Publisher : McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
ISBN 13 : 0773539352
Total Pages : 343 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (735 download)

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Book Synopsis Elections in Dangerous Places by : David Gillies

Download or read book Elections in Dangerous Places written by David Gillies and published by McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP. This book was released on 2011 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From Afghanistan and Iraq to Haiti, Cote d'Ivoire, and Egypt, ill-timed, fraudulent, or poorly managed elections have led to discord, violence, and even regime change. While much of the international community views elections as a critical milestone in the stabilization of war-torn societies,Elections in Dangerous Placesshows how flawed elections can act as democracy in reverse and diminish political legitimacy and stable governance. Through a series of frank and incisive case studies of conflicted countries, contributors' chapters challenge the centrality and timing of elections as a key pillar of reconstruction at a war's end. They underline the dangers in rushing elections, compromising principles, and lowering the bar for what constitutes free and fair elections in situations of conflict. The authors also underline the economic cost of elections in uncertain political situations and argue that global taxpayers, who must bear the burden, are justified in questioning the value of ill-timed elections. A candid and important study of political turmoil,Elections in Dangerous Placesprovides valuable lessons and practical advice on how to better mitigate conflict and violence before, during, and after highly charged elections.

Barriers to Peace in Civil War

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Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139499408
Total Pages : 297 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Barriers to Peace in Civil War by : David E. Cunningham

Download or read book Barriers to Peace in Civil War written by David E. Cunningham and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-06-12 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Civil wars vary greatly in their duration. This book argues that conflicts are longer when they involve more actors who can block agreement (veto players) and identifies specific problems that arise in multi-party bargaining. Quantitative analysis of over 200 civil wars since World War II reveals that conflicts with more of these actors last much longer than those with fewer. Detailed comparison of negotiations in Rwanda and Burundi demonstrates that multi-party negotiations present additional barriers to peace not found in two party conflicts. In addition, conflicts with more veto players produce more casualties, are more likely to involve genocide and are followed by shorter periods of peace. Because they present many barriers to peace, the international community has a poor track record of resolving multi-party conflicts. David Cunningham shows that resolution is possible in these wars if peace processes are designed to address the barriers that emerge in multi-party conflicts.

Africa's World War

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199743991
Total Pages : 570 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (997 download)

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Book Synopsis Africa's World War by : Gerard Prunier

Download or read book Africa's World War written by Gerard Prunier and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2008-12-31 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Rwandan genocide sparked a horrific bloodbath that swept across sub-Saharan Africa, ultimately leading to the deaths of some four million people. In this extraordinary history of the recent wars in Central Africa, Gerard Prunier offers a gripping account of how one grisly episode laid the groundwork for a sweeping and disastrous upheaval. Prunier vividly describes the grisly aftermath of the Rwandan genocide, when some two million refugees--a third of Rwanda's population--fled to exile in Zaire in 1996. The new Rwandan regime then crossed into Zaire and attacked the refugees, slaughtering upwards of 400,000 people. The Rwandan forces then turned on Zaire's despotic President Mobutu and, with the help of a number of allied African countries, overthrew him. But as Prunier shows, the collapse of the Mobutu regime and the ascension of the corrupt and erratic Laurent-D?sir? Kabila created a power vacuum that drew Rwanda, Uganda, Angola, Zimbabwe, Sudan, and other African nations into an extended and chaotic war. The heart of the book documents how the whole core of the African continent became engulfed in an intractible and bloody conflict after 1998, a devastating war that only wound down following the assassination of Kabila in 2001. Prunier not only captures all this in his riveting narrative, but he also indicts the international community for its utter lack of interest in what was then the largest conflict in the world. Praise for the hardcover: "The most ambitious of several remarkable new books that reexamine the extraordinary tragedy of Congo and Central Africa since the Rwandan genocide of 1994." --New York Review of Books "One of the first books to lay bare the complex dynamic between Rwanda and Congo that has been driving this disaster." --Jeffrey Gettleman, New York Times Book Review "Lucid, meticulously researched and incisive, Prunier's will likely become the standard account of this under-reported tragedy." --Publishers Weekly

The European Union and Human Security

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135178941
Total Pages : 206 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (351 download)

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Book Synopsis The European Union and Human Security by : Mary Martin

Download or read book The European Union and Human Security written by Mary Martin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-12-16 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines European external interventions in human security, in order to illustrate the evolution and nature of the European Union as a global political actor.

Kenya in Crisis

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Author :
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1437901816
Total Pages : 39 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (379 download)

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Book Synopsis Kenya in Crisis by :

Download or read book Kenya in Crisis written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

From Genocide to Continental War

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Publisher : Hurst & Company
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 576 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (321 download)

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Book Synopsis From Genocide to Continental War by : Gérard Prunier

Download or read book From Genocide to Continental War written by Gérard Prunier and published by Hurst & Company. This book was released on 2009 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: process)." "In From Genocide to Continental War Gerard Prunier describes in precise and chilling detail this massive yet little-known conflict, which became known as 'Africa's First World War'. It became a litmus test for the fragile state of the continent as Africans were struggling to usher in a new era as the twentieth century drew to a close." --Book Jacket.

Northern Uganda

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 42 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Northern Uganda by :

Download or read book Northern Uganda written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Conflict and Fragility Monitoring the Principles for Good International Engagement in Fragile States and Situations Global Report

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Author :
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264090053
Total Pages : 82 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (64 download)

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Book Synopsis Conflict and Fragility Monitoring the Principles for Good International Engagement in Fragile States and Situations Global Report by : OECD

Download or read book Conflict and Fragility Monitoring the Principles for Good International Engagement in Fragile States and Situations Global Report written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2010-09-03 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report looks at ways in which the implementation of the Fragile States Principles does and does not work, based on evidence from the ground across six countries – Afghanistan, the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Haiti, Sierra Leone and Timor-Leste.

The Democratic Republic of the Congo

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 132 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis The Democratic Republic of the Congo by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Africa, Global Health, and Human Rights

Download or read book The Democratic Republic of the Congo written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Africa, Global Health, and Human Rights and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Historic Documents of 2011

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Publisher : CQ Press
ISBN 13 : 1452225362
Total Pages : 849 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (522 download)

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Book Synopsis Historic Documents of 2011 by : CQ Press

Download or read book Historic Documents of 2011 written by CQ Press and published by CQ Press. This book was released on 2012-07-17 with total page 849 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Historic Documents series makes primary source research easy by presenting in one volume key excerpts from documents about the important events of each year for the United States and the world. Each volume includes approximately 70 events with over 100 documents from the previous year, from official or other influential reports and surveys, to speeches from leaders and opinion makers, to court cases, legislation, testimony, and much more. Historic Documents is renowned for the well written and informative background, history, and context it provides for each document. Each volume begins with an insightful essay that sets the year's events in context, and each document is preceded by a comprehensive introduction that provides background information on the event. Full-source citations are provided, and links to Web addresses containing complete documents are given, if available. Readers have easy access to material through a detailed, thematic table of contents and a cumulative five-year index that directs them to related material in earlier volumes. Featured documents in Historic Documents of 2011 cover topics including: - Osama Bin Laden's death - Arab Spring - European financial crisis - American financial deficit - Japanese earthquake and tsunami - independence for South Sudan - royal wedding - Wall Street protests - final space shuttle mission - end of "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" - protests at the Wisconsin legislature over collective bargaining

International Politics and Society

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.X/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis International Politics and Society by :

Download or read book International Politics and Society written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: