Confederate Retaliation

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War of Vengeance

Author : Lonnie Speer
Publisher : Stackpole Books
ISBN 13 : 0811746046
Total Pages : 209 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (117 download)

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Book Synopsis War of Vengeance by : Lonnie Speer

Download or read book War of Vengeance written by Lonnie Speer and published by Stackpole Books. This book was released on 2002-06-01 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The American Civil War was a vicious conflict that developed in intense hatred between opposing sides. Despite some historians’ assertions that this was history’s last great “gentlemen’s war,” the conflict was anything but civil. There is ample evidence to suggest that both sides quite commonly retaliated against one another throughout the war, often in chillingly inhumane ways. Violent retaliation was most apparent within Federal and Confederate penitentiaries. Prisoners of war were frequently subjected to both physical and mental abuse. This sort of mistreatment was employed to obtain information, recruit prisoners for military service, or to force prisoners to sign oaths of allegiance. In addition to the torture and neglect that were carried out on a regular basis, even more unbelievable—and less known—was the actual killing of these unarmed men in retribution for their army’s actions on the battlefield. Sometimes it happened as the prisoners threw down their weapons and raised their hands to surrender. More often, however, the killing took place at the prisons, where guards carried out cold-blooded executions, their victims chosen by lottery. These unconscionable acts were frequently sanctioned by the highest levels of authority in Washington and Richmond, and at times the conflict devolved into a “war of retaliation.” Threats of revenge were often countered by the opposing army, each side trying to outdo the other. These acts of vengeance were seldom directed at the guilty; most often, soldiers targeted innocent prisoners who had the misfortune to be in the wrong place at the wrong time. Author Lonnie Speer explores this little-known practice of reciprocal wartime violence, focusing on the most notorious and well-documented cases of the war. The author illustrated his claims with the first-hand accounts of numerous prisoners, painting a chilling picture of Civil War military and political policy.

Rites of Retaliation

Author : Lorien Foote
Publisher : UNC Press Books
ISBN 13 : 146966528X
Total Pages : 313 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (696 download)

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Book Synopsis Rites of Retaliation by : Lorien Foote

Download or read book Rites of Retaliation written by Lorien Foote and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2021-10-07 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the Civil War, Union and Confederate politicians, military commanders, everyday soldiers, and civilians claimed their approach to the conflict was civilized, in keeping with centuries of military tradition meant to restrain violence and preserve national honor. One hallmark of civilized warfare was a highly ritualized approach to retaliation. This ritual provided a forum to accuse the enemy of excessive behavior, to negotiate redress according to the laws of war, and to appeal to the judgment of other civilized nations. As the war progressed, Northerners and Southerners feared they were losing their essential identity as civilized, and the attention to retaliation grew more intense. When Black soldiers joined the Union army in campaigns in South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida, raiding plantations and liberating enslaved people, Confederates argued the war had become a servile insurrection. And when Confederates massacred Black troops after battle, killed white Union foragers after capture, and used prisoners of war as human shields, Federals thought their enemy raised the black flag and embraced savagery. Blending military and cultural history, Lorien Foote's rich and insightful book sheds light on how Americans fought over what it meant to be civilized and who should be extended the protections of a civilized world.

Rites of Retaliation

Author : Lorien Foote
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781469665290
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (652 download)

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Book Synopsis Rites of Retaliation by : Lorien Foote

Download or read book Rites of Retaliation written by Lorien Foote and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book will explore events in the Federal campaigns against Charleston and the states of South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida that exemplify how retaliation functioned during the American Civil War .... The Department of the South makes an ideal location for study because three contentious issues between the Union and the Confederacy converged in this theater of operations: the Federal recruitment and deployment of black troops, the Confederate treatment of Union prisoners of war, and the Federal treatment of noncombatants who lived within the zones of active military operations."--

Confederate Retaliation

Author : Fritz Haselberger
Publisher : White Mane Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 9781572491137
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis Confederate Retaliation by : Fritz Haselberger

Download or read book Confederate Retaliation written by Fritz Haselberger and published by White Mane Publishing Company. This book was released on 2000 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A purely military history which traces the 1864 campaign of Brig. Gen. John McCausland's division of Confederate cavalry that resulted in the retaliatory raid on Chambersburg, Pennsylvania. Also treated are the two weeks following the burning of Chambersburg. The author argues that the raid resulted in Lincoln's instructions to General Grant to cease the destruction of civilian property by the Union army.

Confederate Rage, Yankee Wrath

Author : George S Burkhardt
Publisher : SIU Press
ISBN 13 : 0809389541
Total Pages : 386 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Confederate Rage, Yankee Wrath by : George S Burkhardt

Download or read book Confederate Rage, Yankee Wrath written by George S Burkhardt and published by SIU Press. This book was released on 2013-01-16 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This provocative study proves the existence of a de facto Confederate policy of giving no quarter to captured black combatants during the Civil War—killing them instead of treating them as prisoners of war. Rather than looking at the massacres as a series of discrete and random events, this work examines each as part of a ruthless but standard practice. Author George S. Burkhardt details a fascinating case that the Confederates followed a consistent pattern of murder against the black soldiers who served in Northern armies after Lincoln’s 1863 Emancipation Proclamation. He shows subsequent retaliation by black soldiers and further escalation by the Confederates, including the execution of some captured white Federal soldiers, those proscribed as cavalry raiders, foragers, or house-burners, and even some captured in traditional battles. Further disproving the notion of Confederates as victims who were merely trying to defend their homes, Burkhardt explores the motivations behind the soldiers’ actions and shows the Confederates’ rage at the sight of former slaves—still considered property, not men—fighting them as equals on the battlefield. Burkhardt’s narrative approach recovers important dimensions of the war that until now have not been fully explored by historians, effectively describing the systemic pattern that pushed the conflict toward a black flag, take-no-prisoners struggle.

War of Vengeance

Author : Lonnie R. Speer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis War of Vengeance by : Lonnie R. Speer

Download or read book War of Vengeance written by Lonnie R. Speer and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Black Flag Over Dixie

Author : Gregory J. W. Urwin
Publisher : SIU Press
ISBN 13 : 0809388286
Total Pages : 303 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Black Flag Over Dixie by : Gregory J. W. Urwin

Download or read book Black Flag Over Dixie written by Gregory J. W. Urwin and published by SIU Press. This book was released on 2005-08-29 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Black Flag over Dixie: Racial Atrocities and Reprisals in the Civil War highlights the central role that race played in the Civil War by examining some of the ugliest incidents that played out on its battlefields. Challenging the American public’s perception of the Civil War as a chivalrous family quarrel, twelve rising and prominent historians show the conflict to be a wrenching social revolution whose bloody excesses were exacerbated by racial hatred. Edited by Gregory J. W. Urwin, this compelling volume focuses on the tendency of Confederate troops to murder black Union soldiers and runaway slaves and divulges the details of black retaliation and the resulting cycle of fear and violence that poisoned race relations during Reconstruction. In a powerful introduction to the collection, Urwin reminds readers that the Civil War was both a social and a racial revolution. As the heirs and defenders of a slave society’s ideology, Confederates considered African Americans to be savages who were incapable of waging war in a civilized fashion. Ironically, this conviction caused white Southerners to behave savagely themselves. Under the threat of Union retaliation, the Confederate government backed away from failing to treat the white officers and black enlisted men of the United States Colored Troops as legitimate combatants. Nevertheless, many rebel commands adopted a no-prisoners policy in the field. When the Union’s black defenders responded in kind, the Civil War descended to a level of inhumanity that most Americans prefer to forget. In addition to covering the war’s most notorious massacres at Olustee, Fort Pillow, Poison Spring, and the Crater, Black Flag over Dixie examines the responses of Union soldiers and politicians to these disturbing and unpleasant events, as well as the military, legal, and moral considerations that sometimes deterred Confederates from killing all black Federals who fell into their hands. Twenty photographs and a map of massacre and reprisal sites accompany the volume. The contributors are Gregory J. W. Urwin, Anne J. Bailey, Howard C. Westwood, James G. Hollandsworth Jr., David J. Coles, Albert Castel, Derek W. Frisby, Weymouth T. Jordan Jr., Gerald W. Thomas, Bryce A. Suderow, Chad L. Williams, and Mark Grimsley.

A Vast and Fiendish Plot:

Author : Clint Johnson
Publisher : Citadel Press
ISBN 13 : 0806533889
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (65 download)

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Book Synopsis A Vast and Fiendish Plot: by : Clint Johnson

Download or read book A Vast and Fiendish Plot: written by Clint Johnson and published by Citadel Press. This book was released on 2010-03-01 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New York City, November 25, 1864. Confederate officers attempt to destroy the city with a series of lethal fires that will forever diminish it to a mere speck of an island. What fueled these Southern patriots' rage? And what if they had succeeded? This terrifying scenario almost became a reality following what the New York Herald declared "a vast and fiendish plot." Infuriated by the Union's killing of their beloved General John Hunt Morgan and the burning of the Shenandoah Valley, eight Confederate officers swore revenge. Their method: Greek fire. Their target: Manhattan's commercial district. The daring mission could have changed the course of American history. In the first book to bring to life this bold conspiracy in full detail, Civil War expert Clint Johnson reveals shocking facts about the treacherous alliances and rivalries that threatened nineteenth-century America. Here is the truth about this stunning event, the spirit that fueled it, and the near destruction of the world's most influential city. "A fresh and intriguing addition to Civil War literature. . .. Johnson dispels myths and shows how Southerners sought to take revenge on a 'sister city' they felt betrayed them." --Brion McClanahan, author of The Politically Incorrect Guide to the Founding Fathers "Insightful analysis of an amazing turn of events that nearly set New York City ablaze during the Civil War." -- David J. Eicher, author of The Longest Night

The Confederate Cause and Conduct in the War Between the States

Author : Hunter McGuire
Publisher : Richmond, Va., L. H. Jenkins [c1907]
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (334 download)

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Book Synopsis The Confederate Cause and Conduct in the War Between the States by : Hunter McGuire

Download or read book The Confederate Cause and Conduct in the War Between the States written by Hunter McGuire and published by Richmond, Va., L. H. Jenkins [c1907]. This book was released on 1907 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Civil War and the limits of destruction

Author : Mark E Neely
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674041364
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis The Civil War and the limits of destruction by : Mark E Neely

Download or read book The Civil War and the limits of destruction written by Mark E Neely and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-06-30 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Civil War is often portrayed as the most brutal war in America's history, a premonition of twentieth-century slaughter and carnage. In challenging this view, Mark E. Neely, Jr., considers the war's destructiveness in a comparative context, revealing the sense of limits that guided the conduct of American soldiers and statesmen. Neely begins by contrasting Civil War behavior with U.S. soldiers' experiences in the Mexican War of 1846. He examines Price's Raid in Missouri for evidence of deterioration in the restraints imposed by the customs of war; and in a brilliant analysis of Philip Sheridan's Shenandoah Valley campaign, he shows that the actions of U.S. cavalrymen were selective and controlled. The Mexican war of the 1860s between French imperial forces and republicans provided a new yardstick for brutality: Emperor Maximilian's infamous Black Decree threatened captured enemies with execution. Civil War battles, however, paled in comparison with the unrestrained warfare waged against the Plains Indians. Racial beliefs, Neely shows, were a major determinant of wartime behavior. Destructive rhetoric was rampant in the congressional debate over the resolution to avenge the treatment of Union captives at Andersonville by deliberately starving and freezing to death Confederate prisoners of war. Nevertheless, to gauge the events of the war by the ferocity of its language of political hatred is a mistake, Neely argues. The modern overemphasis on violence in Civil War literature has led many scholars to go too far in drawing close analogies with the twentieth century's total war and the grim guerrilla struggles of Vietnam.

Punitive War

Author : Clay Mountcastle
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Punitive War by : Clay Mountcastle

Download or read book Punitive War written by Clay Mountcastle and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book examines the guerilla experience and then traces its progresion from the Western Theater in 1861 to its apogee in the East in the last two years of the war."--Pg. 5.

Sweet Revenge

Author : Frederick Augustus Mitchel
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (334 download)

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Book Synopsis Sweet Revenge by : Frederick Augustus Mitchel

Download or read book Sweet Revenge written by Frederick Augustus Mitchel and published by . This book was released on 1897 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Andersonvilles of the North

Author : James Massie Gillispie
Publisher : University of North Texas Press
ISBN 13 : 1574412558
Total Pages : 295 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (744 download)

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Book Synopsis Andersonvilles of the North by : James Massie Gillispie

Download or read book Andersonvilles of the North written by James Massie Gillispie and published by University of North Texas Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study argues that the image of Union prison officials as negligent and cruel to Confederate prisoners is severely flawed. It explains how Confederate prisoners' suffering and death were due to a number of factors, but it would seem that Yankee apathy and malice were rarely among them.

Southern Revenge!

Author :
Publisher : White Mane Publishing Company
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Southern Revenge! by :

Download or read book Southern Revenge! written by and published by White Mane Publishing Company. This book was released on 1989 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Southern Revenge is the Civil War history of Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, the only Northern town burned by the Confederates. This unique story is told appropriately through not only modern scholarship, but also through rare photographs, diary accounts, and period newspaper articles which let the victims speak for themselves.Chambersburg, a quiet farming community near the Maryland border, was truly the crossroads of destiny. The home of the Cumberland Valley Railroad, that progressive community had much to offer the war effort.To give but one example, the railroad system provided a much needed supply route that could be used by either army.

A More Civil War

Author : D. H. Dilbeck
Publisher : UNC Press Books
ISBN 13 : 1469630524
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (696 download)

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Book Synopsis A More Civil War by : D. H. Dilbeck

Download or read book A More Civil War written by D. H. Dilbeck and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2016-09-13 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the Civil War, Americans confronted profound moral problems about how to fight in the conflict. In this innovative book, D. H. Dilbeck reveals how the Union sought to wage a just war against the Confederacy. He shows that northerners fought according to a distinct "moral vision of war," an array of ideas about the nature of a truly just and humane military effort. Dilbeck tells how Union commanders crafted rules of conduct to ensure their soldiers defeated the Confederacy as swiftly as possible while also limiting the total destruction unleashed by the fighting. Dilbeck explores how Union soldiers abided by official just-war policies as they battled guerrillas, occupied cities, retaliated against enemy soldiers, and came into contact with Confederate civilians. In contrast to recent scholarship focused solely on the Civil War's carnage, Dilbeck details how the Union sought both to deal sternly with Confederates and to adhere to certain constraints. The Union's earnest effort to wage a just war ultimately helped give the Civil War its distinct character, a blend of immense destruction and remarkable restraint.

Remembering the Civil War

Author : Caroline E. Janney
Publisher : UNC Press Books
ISBN 13 : 1469607069
Total Pages : 465 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (696 download)

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Book Synopsis Remembering the Civil War by : Caroline E. Janney

Download or read book Remembering the Civil War written by Caroline E. Janney and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2013 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Remembering the Civil War: Reunion and the Limits of Reconciliation

The Calculus of Violence

Author : Aaron Sheehan-Dean
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 067491631X
Total Pages : 481 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (749 download)

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Book Synopsis The Calculus of Violence by : Aaron Sheehan-Dean

Download or read book The Calculus of Violence written by Aaron Sheehan-Dean and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2018-11-05 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the Jefferson Davis Award Winner of the Johns Family Book Award Winner of the Army Historical Foundation Distinguished Writing Award “A work of deep intellectual seriousness, sweeping and yet also delicately measured, this book promises to resolve longstanding debates about the nature of the Civil War.” —Gregory P. Downs, author of After Appomattox Shiloh, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg—tens of thousands of soldiers died on these iconic Civil War battlefields, and throughout the South civilians suffered terrible cruelty. At least three-quarters of a million lives were lost during the American Civil War. Given its seemingly indiscriminate mass destruction, this conflict is often thought of as the first “total war.” But Aaron Sheehan-Dean argues for another interpretation. The Calculus of Violence demonstrates that this notoriously bloody war could have been much worse. Military forces on both sides sought to contain casualties inflicted on soldiers and civilians. In Congress, in church pews, and in letters home, Americans debated the conditions under which lethal violence was legitimate, and their arguments differentiated carefully among victims—women and men, black and white, enslaved and free. Sometimes, as Sheehan-Dean shows, these well-meaning restraints led to more carnage by implicitly justifying the killing of people who were not protected by the laws of war. As the Civil War raged on, the Union’s confrontations with guerrillas and the Confederacy’s confrontations with black soldiers forced a new reckoning with traditional categories of lawful combatants and raised legal disputes that still hang over military operations around the world today. In examining the agonizing debates about the meaning of a just war in the Civil War era, Sheehan-Dean discards conventional abstractions—total, soft, limited—as too tidy to contain what actually happened on the ground.