Composing Fisher Kernels from Deep Neural Models

Download Composing Fisher Kernels from Deep Neural Models PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319985248
Total Pages : 59 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Composing Fisher Kernels from Deep Neural Models by : Tayyaba Azim

Download or read book Composing Fisher Kernels from Deep Neural Models written by Tayyaba Azim and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-23 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book shows machine learning enthusiasts and practitioners how to get the best of both worlds by deriving Fisher kernels from deep learning models. In addition, the book shares insight on how to store and retrieve large-dimensional Fisher vectors using feature selection and compression techniques. Feature selection and feature compression are two of the most popular off-the-shelf methods for reducing data’s high-dimensional memory footprint and thus making it suitable for large-scale visual retrieval and classification. Kernel methods long remained the de facto standard for solving large-scale object classification tasks using low-level features, until the revival of deep models in 2006. Later, they made a comeback with improved Fisher vectors in 2010. However, their supremacy was always challenged by various versions of deep models, now considered to be the state of the art for solving various machine learning and computer vision tasks. Although the two research paradigms differ significantly, the excellent performance of Fisher kernels on the Image Net large-scale object classification dataset has caught the attention of numerous kernel practitioners, and many have drawn parallels between the two frameworks for improving the empirical performance on benchmark classification tasks. Exploring concrete examples on different data sets, the book compares the computational and statistical aspects of different dimensionality reduction approaches and identifies metrics to show which approach is superior to the other for Fisher vector encodings. It also provides references to some of the most useful resources that could provide practitioners and machine learning enthusiasts a quick start for learning and implementing a variety of deep learning models and kernel functions.

Domain Adaptation and Representation Transfer

Download Domain Adaptation and Representation Transfer PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031458575
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (314 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Domain Adaptation and Representation Transfer by : Lisa Koch

Download or read book Domain Adaptation and Representation Transfer written by Lisa Koch and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-10-13 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 5th MICCAI Workshop on Domain Adaptation and Representation Transfer, DART 2023, which was held in conjunction with MICCAI 2023, in October 2023. The 16 full papers presented in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 32 submissions. They discuss methodological advancements and ideas that can improve the applicability of machine learning (ML)/deep learning (DL) approaches to clinical setting by making them robust and consistent across different domains.

Computer Vision – ECCV 2016

Download Computer Vision – ECCV 2016 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319464663
Total Pages : 887 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Computer Vision – ECCV 2016 by : Bastian Leibe

Download or read book Computer Vision – ECCV 2016 written by Bastian Leibe and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-16 with total page 887 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The eight-volume set comprising LNCS volumes 9905-9912 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 14th European Conference on Computer Vision, ECCV 2016, held in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, in October 2016. The 415 revised papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 1480 submissions. The papers cover all aspects of computer vision and pattern recognition such as 3D computer vision; computational photography, sensing and display; face and gesture; low-level vision and image processing; motion and tracking; optimization methods; physics-based vision, photometry and shape-from-X; recognition: detection, categorization, indexing, matching; segmentation, grouping and shape representation; statistical methods and learning; video: events, activities and surveillance; applications. They are organized in topical sections on detection, recognition and retrieval; scene understanding; optimization; image and video processing; learning; action, activity and tracking; 3D; and 9 poster sessions.

Deep Learning for Multimedia Processing Applications

Download Deep Learning for Multimedia Processing Applications PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1003828051
Total Pages : 481 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Deep Learning for Multimedia Processing Applications by : Uzair Aslam Bhatti

Download or read book Deep Learning for Multimedia Processing Applications written by Uzair Aslam Bhatti and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-02-21 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Deep Learning for Multimedia Processing Applications is a comprehensive guide that explores the revolutionary impact of deep learning techniques in the field of multimedia processing. Written for a wide range of readers, from students to professionals, this book offers a concise and accessible overview of the application of deep learning in various multimedia domains, including image processing, video analysis, audio recognition, and natural language processing. Divided into two volumes, Volume Two delves into advanced topics such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs), recurrent neural networks (RNNs), and generative adversarial networks (GANs), explaining their unique capabilities in multimedia tasks. Readers will discover how deep learning techniques enable accurate and efficient image recognition, object detection, semantic segmentation, and image synthesis. The book also covers video analysis techniques, including action recognition, video captioning, and video generation, highlighting the role of deep learning in extracting meaningful information from videos. Furthermore, the book explores audio processing tasks such as speech recognition, music classification, and sound event detection using deep learning models. It demonstrates how deep learning algorithms can effectively process audio data, opening up new possibilities in multimedia applications. Lastly, the book explores the integration of deep learning with natural language processing techniques, enabling systems to understand, generate, and interpret textual information in multimedia contexts. Throughout the book, practical examples, code snippets, and real-world case studies are provided to help readers gain hands-on experience in implementing deep learning solutions for multimedia processing. Deep Learning for Multimedia Processing Applications is an essential resource for anyone interested in harnessing the power of deep learning to unlock the vast potential of multimedia data.

Graph-based Keyword Spotting

Download Graph-based Keyword Spotting PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9811206643
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (112 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Graph-based Keyword Spotting by : Stauffer Michael

Download or read book Graph-based Keyword Spotting written by Stauffer Michael and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2019-07-24 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Keyword Spotting (KWS) has been proposed as a flexible and more error-tolerant alternative to full transcriptions. In most cases, it allows to retrieve arbitrary query words in handwritten historical document.This comprehensive compendium gives a self-contained preamble and visually attractive description to the field of graph-based KWS. The volume highlights a profound insight into each step of the whole KWS pipeline, viz. image preprocessing, graph representation and graph matching.Written by two world-renowned co-authors, this unique title combines two very current research fields of graph-based pattern recognition and document analysis. The book serves as an attractive teaching material for graduate students, as well as a useful reference text for professionals, academics and researchers.

Artificial Intelligence-Based Brain-Computer Interface

Download Artificial Intelligence-Based Brain-Computer Interface PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0323914128
Total Pages : 394 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (239 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Artificial Intelligence-Based Brain-Computer Interface by : Varun Bajaj

Download or read book Artificial Intelligence-Based Brain-Computer Interface written by Varun Bajaj and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2022-02-04 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Artificial Intelligence-Based Brain Computer Interface provides concepts of AI for the modeling of non-invasive modalities of medical signals such as EEG, MRI and FMRI. These modalities and their AI-based analysis are employed in BCI and related applications. The book emphasizes the real challenges in non-invasive input due to the complex nature of the human brain and for a variety of applications for analysis, classification and identification of different mental states. Each chapter starts with a description of a non-invasive input example and the need and motivation of the associated AI methods, along with discussions to connect the technology through BCI. Major topics include different AI methods/techniques such as Deep Neural Networks and Machine Learning algorithms for different non-invasive modalities such as EEG, MRI, FMRI for improving the diagnosis and prognosis of numerous disorders of the nervous system, cardiovascular system, musculoskeletal system, respiratory system and various organs of the body. The book also covers applications of AI in the management of chronic conditions, databases, and in the delivery of health services. Provides readers with an understanding of key applications of Artificial Intelligence to Brain-Computer Interface for acquisition and modelling of non-invasive biomedical signal and image modalities for various conditions and disorders Integrates recent advancements of Artificial Intelligence to the evaluation of large amounts of clinical data for the early detection of disorders such as Epilepsy, Alcoholism, Sleep Apnea, motor-imagery tasks classification, and others Includes illustrative examples on how Artificial Intelligence can be applied to the Brain-Computer Interface, including a wide range of case studies in predicting and classification of neurological disorders

Intelligent Systems and Applications

Download Intelligent Systems and Applications PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 303082196X
Total Pages : 858 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Intelligent Systems and Applications by : Kohei Arai

Download or read book Intelligent Systems and Applications written by Kohei Arai and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-08-02 with total page 858 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents Proceedings of the 2021 Intelligent Systems Conference which is a remarkable collection of chapters covering a wider range of topics in areas of intelligent systems and artificial intelligence and their applications to the real world. The conference attracted a total of 496 submissions from many academic pioneering researchers, scientists, industrial engineers, and students from all around the world. These submissions underwent a double-blind peer-review process. Of the total submissions, 180 submissions have been selected to be included in these proceedings. As we witness exponential growth of computational intelligence in several directions and use of intelligent systems in everyday applications, this book is an ideal resource for reporting latest innovations and future of AI. The chapters include theory and application on all aspects of artificial intelligence, from classical to intelligent scope. We hope that readers find the book interesting and valuable; it provides the state-of-the-art intelligent methods and techniques for solving real-world problems along with a vision of the future research.

Applications of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and deep learning in plant breeding

Download Applications of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and deep learning in plant breeding PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832549713
Total Pages : 246 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Applications of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and deep learning in plant breeding by : Maliheh Eftekhari

Download or read book Applications of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and deep learning in plant breeding written by Maliheh Eftekhari and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-05-29 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is an extensive concept that can be interpreted as a concentration on designing computer programs to train machines to accomplish functions like or better than hu-mans. An important subset of AI is Machine Learning (ML), in which a computer is provided with the capacity to learn its own patterns instead of the patterns and restrictions set by a human programmer, thus improving from experience. Deep Learning (DL), as a class of ML techniques, employs multilayered neural networks. The application of AI to plant science research is new and has grown significantly in recent years due to developments in calculation power, proficien-cies of hardware, and software progress. AI algorithms try to provide classifications and predic-tions. As applied to plant breeding, particularly omics data, ML as a given AI algorithm tries to translate omics data, which are intricate and include nonlinear interactions, into precise plant breeding. The applications of AI are extending rapidly and enhancing intensely in sophistication owing to the capability of rapid processing of huge and heterogeneous data. The conversion of AI techniques into accurate plant breeding is of great importance and will play a key role in the new era of plant breeding techniques in the coming years, particularly multi-omics data analysis. Advancements in plant breeding mainly depend upon developing statistical methods that harness the complicated data provided by analytical technologies identifying and quantifying genes, transcripts, proteins, metabolites, etc. The systems biology approach used in plant breeding, which integrates genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and other omics data, provides a massive amount of information. It is essential to perform accurate statistical analyses and AI methods such as ML and DL as well as optimization techniques to not only achieve an understanding of networks regulation and plant cell functions but develop high-precision models to predict the reaction of new Genetically Modified (GM) plants in special conditions. The constructed models will be of great economic importance, significantly reducing the time, labor, and instrument costs when finding optimized conditions for the bio-exploitation of plants. This Research Topic covers a wide range of studies on artificial intelligence-assisted plant breeding techniques, which contribute to plant biology and plant omics research. The relevant sub-topics include, but are not restricted to, the following: • AI-assisted plant breeding using omics and multi-omics approaches • Applying AI techniques along with multi-omics to recognize novel biomarkers associated with plant biological activities • Constructing up-to-date ML modeling and analyzing methods for dealing with omics data related to different plant growth processes • AI-assisted omics techniques in the plant defense process • Combining AI-assisted omics and multi-omics techniques using plant system biology approaches • Combining bioinformatics tools with AI approaches to analyze plant omics data • Designing cutting-edge workflow and developing innovative AI biology methods for omics data analysis

Ophthalmic Medical Image Analysis

Download Ophthalmic Medical Image Analysis PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030329569
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (33 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Ophthalmic Medical Image Analysis by : Huazhu Fu

Download or read book Ophthalmic Medical Image Analysis written by Huazhu Fu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-10-10 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 6th International Workshop on Ophthalmic Medical Image Analysis, OMIA 2019, held in conjunction with the 22nd International Conference on Medical Imaging and Computer-Assisted Intervention, MICCAI 2019, in Shenzhen, China, in October 2019. The 22 full papers (out of 36 submissions) presented at OMIA 2019 were carefully reviewed and selected. The papers cover various topics in the field of ophthalmic image analysis.

Advances in Cryptology – CRYPTO 2023

Download Advances in Cryptology – CRYPTO 2023 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031385454
Total Pages : 807 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (313 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Advances in Cryptology – CRYPTO 2023 by : Helena Handschuh

Download or read book Advances in Cryptology – CRYPTO 2023 written by Helena Handschuh and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-08-08 with total page 807 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The five-volume set, LNCS 14081, 140825, 14083, 14084, and 14085 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 43rd Annual International Cryptology Conference, CRYPTO 2023. The conference took place at Santa Barbara, USA, during August 19-24, 2023. The 124 full papers presented in the proceedings were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 479 submissions. The papers are organized in the following topical sections: Part I: Consensus, secret sharing, and multi-party computation; Part II: Succinctness; anonymous credentials; new paradigms and foundations; Part III: Cryptanalysis; side channels; symmetric constructions; isogenies; Part IV: Faster fully homomorphic encryption; oblivious RAM; obfuscation; secure messaging; functional encryption; correlated pseudorandomness; proof systems in the discrete-logarithm setting.

Dive Into Deep Learning

Download Dive Into Deep Learning PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Corwin Press
ISBN 13 : 1544385404
Total Pages : 297 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (443 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Dive Into Deep Learning by : Joanne Quinn

Download or read book Dive Into Deep Learning written by Joanne Quinn and published by Corwin Press. This book was released on 2019-07-15 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The leading experts in system change and learning, with their school-based partners around the world, have created this essential companion to their runaway best-seller, Deep Learning: Engage the World Change the World. This hands-on guide provides a roadmap for building capacity in teachers, schools, districts, and systems to design deep learning, measure progress, and assess conditions needed to activate and sustain innovation. Dive Into Deep Learning: Tools for Engagement is rich with resources educators need to construct and drive meaningful deep learning experiences in order to develop the kind of mindset and know-how that is crucial to becoming a problem-solving change agent in our global society. Designed in full color, this easy-to-use guide is loaded with tools, tips, protocols, and real-world examples. It includes: • A framework for deep learning that provides a pathway to develop the six global competencies needed to flourish in a complex world — character, citizenship, collaboration, communication, creativity, and critical thinking. • Learning progressions to help educators analyze student work and measure progress. • Learning design rubrics, templates and examples for incorporating the four elements of learning design: learning partnerships, pedagogical practices, learning environments, and leveraging digital. • Conditions rubrics, teacher self-assessment tools, and planning guides to help educators build, mobilize, and sustain deep learning in schools and districts. Learn about, improve, and expand your world of learning. Put the joy back into learning for students and adults alike. Dive into deep learning to create learning experiences that give purpose, unleash student potential, and transform not only learning, but life itself.

Bayesian Inference in Statistical Analysis

Download Bayesian Inference in Statistical Analysis PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 111803144X
Total Pages : 610 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (18 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Bayesian Inference in Statistical Analysis by : George E. P. Box

Download or read book Bayesian Inference in Statistical Analysis written by George E. P. Box and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-01-25 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Its main objective is to examine the application and relevance of Bayes' theorem to problems that arise in scientific investigation in which inferences must be made regarding parameter values about which little is known a priori. Begins with a discussion of some important general aspects of the Bayesian approach such as the choice of prior distribution, particularly noninformative prior distribution, the problem of nuisance parameters and the role of sufficient statistics, followed by many standard problems concerned with the comparison of location and scale parameters. The main thrust is an investigation of questions with appropriate analysis of mathematical results which are illustrated with numerical examples, providing evidence of the value of the Bayesian approach.

Deep Learning

Download Deep Learning PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262035618
Total Pages : 801 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Deep Learning by : Ian Goodfellow

Download or read book Deep Learning written by Ian Goodfellow and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2016-11-18 with total page 801 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An introduction to a broad range of topics in deep learning, covering mathematical and conceptual background, deep learning techniques used in industry, and research perspectives. “Written by three experts in the field, Deep Learning is the only comprehensive book on the subject.” —Elon Musk, cochair of OpenAI; cofounder and CEO of Tesla and SpaceX Deep learning is a form of machine learning that enables computers to learn from experience and understand the world in terms of a hierarchy of concepts. Because the computer gathers knowledge from experience, there is no need for a human computer operator to formally specify all the knowledge that the computer needs. The hierarchy of concepts allows the computer to learn complicated concepts by building them out of simpler ones; a graph of these hierarchies would be many layers deep. This book introduces a broad range of topics in deep learning. The text offers mathematical and conceptual background, covering relevant concepts in linear algebra, probability theory and information theory, numerical computation, and machine learning. It describes deep learning techniques used by practitioners in industry, including deep feedforward networks, regularization, optimization algorithms, convolutional networks, sequence modeling, and practical methodology; and it surveys such applications as natural language processing, speech recognition, computer vision, online recommendation systems, bioinformatics, and videogames. Finally, the book offers research perspectives, covering such theoretical topics as linear factor models, autoencoders, representation learning, structured probabilistic models, Monte Carlo methods, the partition function, approximate inference, and deep generative models. Deep Learning can be used by undergraduate or graduate students planning careers in either industry or research, and by software engineers who want to begin using deep learning in their products or platforms. A website offers supplementary material for both readers and instructors.

Computer Vision – ECCV 2018

Download Computer Vision – ECCV 2018 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030012190
Total Pages : 865 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Computer Vision – ECCV 2018 by : Vittorio Ferrari

Download or read book Computer Vision – ECCV 2018 written by Vittorio Ferrari and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-06 with total page 865 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sixteen-volume set comprising the LNCS volumes 11205-11220 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 15th European Conference on Computer Vision, ECCV 2018, held in Munich, Germany, in September 2018.The 776 revised papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 2439 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on learning for vision; computational photography; human analysis; human sensing; stereo and reconstruction; optimization; matching and recognition; video attention; and poster sessions.

Deep Learning

Download Deep Learning PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781601988140
Total Pages : 212 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (881 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Deep Learning by : Li Deng

Download or read book Deep Learning written by Li Deng and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides an overview of general deep learning methodology and its applications to a variety of signal and information processing tasks

Intelligence Science and Big Data Engineering

Download Intelligence Science and Big Data Engineering PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030026981
Total Pages : 692 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Intelligence Science and Big Data Engineering by : Yuxin Peng

Download or read book Intelligence Science and Big Data Engineering written by Yuxin Peng and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-08 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Intelligence Science and Big DataEngineering, IScIDE 2018, held in Lanzhou, China, in August 2018.The 59 full papers presented in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 121 submissions.They are grouped in topical sections on robots and intelligent systems; statistics and learning; deep learning; objects and language; classification and clustering; imaging; and biomedical signal processing.​

Advances in Monitoring and Modelling Algal Blooms in Freshwater Reservoirs

Download Advances in Monitoring and Modelling Algal Blooms in Freshwater Reservoirs PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9402409335
Total Pages : 149 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (24 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Advances in Monitoring and Modelling Algal Blooms in Freshwater Reservoirs by : Inchio Lou

Download or read book Advances in Monitoring and Modelling Algal Blooms in Freshwater Reservoirs written by Inchio Lou and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-10-08 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes essential principles of and approaches to monitoring and modeling algal blooms. Freshwater algal blooms have become a growing concern worldwide. They are caused by a high level of cyanobacteria, particularly Microcystis spp. and Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii, which can produce microcystin and cylindrospermopsin, respectively. Since long-term exposure to these cyanotoxins may affect public health, the reliable detection and quantification of these harmful algae species has become a priority in water quality management. The book utilizes an advanced monitoring approach to identify and quantify cyanobacteria species and various cyanotoxin-producing genotypes. Further, it uses a modeling approach to forecast the occurrence of the phytoplankton that causes algal blooms in freshwater reservoirs, providing a comprehensive picture of currently available micro- and macro-techniques for studying the problem of algal blooms. As such, it offers a valuable guide for researchers, graduate students and professional engineers engaged in monitoring and modeling water quality in lakes and reservoirs. Dr. InChio Lou is an Assistant Professor at University of Macau, Macau, China. Dr. Boping Han is a professor at Jinan Universtiy, Guangzhou, China. Weiying Zhang is a researcher of Environmental Engineering in the area of freshwater phytoplankton at University of Macau, Macau, China.