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Comparison Of The High Temperature Oxidation Behavior Of Zircaloy 4 And Pure Zirconium
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Book Synopsis Comparison of the High Temperature Oxidation Behavior of Zircaloy-4 and Pure Zirconium by :
Download or read book Comparison of the High Temperature Oxidation Behavior of Zircaloy-4 and Pure Zirconium written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oxidation rate data for Zircaloy-4 in steam under isothermal conditions in the temperature range 1000-1500°C indicate that the kinetics of layer growth and oxygen consumption can be described by virtually ideal parabolic behavior. The growth of the two product phases, oxide and oxygen-stabilized alpha, is presumed to be controlled by diffusion processes leading to uniform layer thickening. We have measured the oxidation rate of pure, arc-melted, crystal-bar zirconium under similar conditions and have found differences in the reaction characteristics compared to Zircaloy-4. At temperatures from 1098 to 1416°C, while parabolic kinetics are still observed, the growth rates for both phases are measurably different. Our analysis of these data in terms of a multi-layer diffusion model suggests that the effective chemical diffusion coefficient for oxygen in the oxide phase has been altered. However, despite the kinetic differences, the analysis also concludes that the diffusion coefficient of oxygen in the alpha layers is identical, a finding consistent with the results of independent measurements.
Book Synopsis A Comparison of the High-Temperature Oxidation Behavior of Zircaloy-4 and Pure Zirconium by : JJ. Campbell
Download or read book A Comparison of the High-Temperature Oxidation Behavior of Zircaloy-4 and Pure Zirconium written by JJ. Campbell and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oxidation rate data for Zircaloy-4 in steam under isothermal conditions in the temperature range 1000 to 1500°C indicate that the kinetics of layer growth and oxygen consumption can be described by virtually ideal parabolic behavior. Thus, the growth of the two product phases, oxide and oxygen-stabilized ?, is presumed to be controlled by diffusion processes leading to uniform layer thickening. We have measured the oxidation rate of pure, arc-melted, crystal-bar zirconium under similar conditions and have found differences in the reaction characteristics compared with Zircaloy-4. At temperatures from 1098 to 1416°C, while parabolic kinetics are still observed, the growth rates for both phases are measurably different. Our analysis of these data in terms of a multilayer diffusion model suggests that the effective chemical diffusion coefficient for oxygen in the oxide phase has been altered. Despite the kinetic differences, however, the analysis also concludes that the diffusion coefficient of oxygen in the ? layers is identical, a finding consistent with the results of independent measurements.
Book Synopsis Oxidation of Zirconium and Zirconium Alloys by :
Download or read book Oxidation of Zirconium and Zirconium Alloys written by and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The oxidation rate was found to be relatively insensitive to various types of surface preparations in the temperature range 400 to 700 deg C. No dependence of reaction rate on oxygen pressure was observed. The cubic rate law also was obeyed by foil specimens at 700 deg C; however, the rate constants were slightly larger than values obtained from parallelepiped samples.
Book Synopsis Zirconium in the Nuclear Industry by : D. Franklin
Download or read book Zirconium in the Nuclear Industry written by D. Franklin and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1982 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Zirconium in the Nuclear Industry by :
Download or read book Zirconium in the Nuclear Industry written by and published by ASTM International. This book was released on with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis High Temperature Oxidation and Corrosion of Metals by : David John Young
Download or read book High Temperature Oxidation and Corrosion of Metals written by David John Young and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-10-03 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is concerned with understanding the fundamental mechanisms of high temperature alloy oxidation. It uses this understanding to develop methods of predicting oxidation rates and the way they change with temperature, gas chemistry and alloy composition. The focus is on designing (or selecting) alloy compositions which provide optimal resistance to attack by corrosive gases. . Emphasises quantitative calculations for predicting reaction rates and the effects of temperature, oxidant activities and alloy compositions. . Uses phase diagrams and diffusion paths to analyse and interpret scale structures and internal precipitation distributions . Provides a detailed examination of corrosion in industrial gases (water vapour effects, carburisation and metal dusting, sulphidation) . Text is well supported by numerous micrographs, phase diagrams and tabulations of relevant thermodynamic and kinetic data . Combines physical chemistry and materials science methodologies.
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 782 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 1370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Book Synopsis The Oxidation Behavior of Zirconium Alloy 4 in High Temperature Air by : Seth Griffiths
Download or read book The Oxidation Behavior of Zirconium Alloy 4 in High Temperature Air written by Seth Griffiths and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Thermodynamic Data on Oxides and Silicates by : Surendra K. Saxena
Download or read book Thermodynamic Data on Oxides and Silicates written by Surendra K. Saxena and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last thirty years profound developments in expe- rimental techniques to measure high temperature and pressu- res and thermodynamic properties of minerals have occurred. This technical development has been matched by an increased sophistication in applying theoretical methods to obtain new data or improve the quality of existing data. Using these newtechniques, Assessed Thermodynamic Data on Oxides and Silicates represents the successful attempt of the authors to develop an internally systematized data base which satis- fies the constraints of calorimetric measurements, phase equilibrium data, measured thermophysical properties of a phase, and heat capacities and entropies estimated from lat- tice vibrational models.
Book Synopsis Zirconium in the Nuclear Industry by : Gerry D. Moan
Download or read book Zirconium in the Nuclear Industry written by Gerry D. Moan and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 2002 with total page 891 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation The 41 papers of this proceedings volume were first presented at the 13th symposium on Zirconium in the Nuclear Industry held in Annecy, France in June of 2001. Many of the papers are devoted to material related issues, corrosion and hydriding behavior, in-reactor studies, and the behavior and properties of Zr alloys used in storing spent fuel. Some papers report on studies of second phase particles, irradiation creep and growth, and material performance during loss of coolant and reactivity initiated accidents. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR.
Book Synopsis Comparison of High Temperature Steam Oxidation Behavior of Zircaloy-4 Versus Austenitic and Ferritic Steels Under Light Water Reactor Safety Aspects by : S. Leistikow
Download or read book Comparison of High Temperature Steam Oxidation Behavior of Zircaloy-4 Versus Austenitic and Ferritic Steels Under Light Water Reactor Safety Aspects written by S. Leistikow and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Oxidation of Zirconium and Zirconium Alloys in Liquid Sodium by : T. L. Mackay
Download or read book Oxidation of Zirconium and Zirconium Alloys in Liquid Sodium written by T. L. Mackay and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effect of Pre-Oxide on Zircaloy-4 High-Temperature Steam Oxidation and Post-Quench Mechanical Properties by : G. Montigny
Download or read book Effect of Pre-Oxide on Zircaloy-4 High-Temperature Steam Oxidation and Post-Quench Mechanical Properties written by G. Montigny and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During a loss-of-coolant accident (LOCA), the oxide layer grown during normal operations is expected to have a protective effect against high-temperature steam oxidation. However, with respect to post-quench ductility, such a barrier effect may be counterbalanced by a partial dissolution of the pre-oxide layer and associated diffusion of oxygen toward the metal. An extensive study has been carried out on the high-temperature oxidation behavior and post-quench mechanical properties of pre-oxidized Zircaloy-4. Cladding tubes have been pre-oxidized in oxygen environment at 425°C for increasing durations (up to 550 days), leading to pre-oxide layer thicknesses ranging from 7 to 65 ?m. All samples have been then subjected to high-temperature steam oxidation at 900°C, 1000°C, or 1200°C followed by water quenching. Metallographic examinations, micro-hardness measurements, mean hydrogen content measurements, ring compression tests, and EPMA oxygen profiles have then been performed. At 900°C and 1000°C, referring to weight gain, the protective efficiency of the pre-oxide layer grown at 425°C appears to depend on its thickness. The protective effect is significant for 20 - to 40-?m pre-oxide thicknesses. Above 40 ?m, a partial loss of protectiveness is observed, associated to a significant hydrogen pickup. Thus, mechanical properties of such pre-oxidized claddings are highly degraded compared to an initially bare cladding undergoing a LOCA transient for which post-test ductility is maintained. At 1200°C, at similar oxidation durations, weight gains decrease continuously as the pre-oxide layer thickness increases. Thus, the pre-oxide can be viewed as partially protective; however, post-quench ductility is not improved compared to initially bare claddings.
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 1584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Zirconium in the Nuclear Industry by : Craig M. Eucken
Download or read book Zirconium in the Nuclear Industry written by Craig M. Eucken and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1991 with total page 794 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The proceedings of the Ninth International Symposium on [title], held in Kobe, Japan, November 1990, address current trends in the development, performance, and fabrication of zirconium alloys for nuclear power reactors. the bulk of the most recent work on zirconium alloy behavior has concerned corr
Book Synopsis Bibliography on the High Temperature Chemistry and Physics of Materials by :
Download or read book Bibliography on the High Temperature Chemistry and Physics of Materials written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
