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Author : FJ De Serres (Ed)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (985 download)
Download or read book Comparative Chemical Mutagenesis (Volume 24). written by FJ De Serres (Ed) and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : M. D. ed SHELBY
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1117 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (251 download)
Download or read book Comparative Chemical Mutagenesis written by M. D. ed SHELBY and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 1117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Frederick De Serres
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781461334101
Total Pages : 1132 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (341 download)
Download or read book Comparative Chemical Mutagenesis written by Frederick De Serres and published by . This book was released on 2014-01-15 with total page 1132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Frederick De Serres
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461334098
Total Pages : 1113 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (613 download)
Download or read book Comparative Chemical Mutagenesis written by Frederick De Serres and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-12 with total page 1113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Frederick J. de Serres, Ph. D. Office of the Associate Director for Genetics National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (U. S. A. ) 27709 The Workshop on Comparative Chemical Mutagenesis was orga nized to begin the process of problem identification and resolution concerning our needs to evaluate the data on test chemicals arising from assays for mutagenic activity on laboratory organisms. In the past, data on chemical mutagens has been generated and published in the scientific literature on a more or less random basis. Individual chemicals enjoy a brief period of "popularity" that leads to a burst of publications in the same or sometimes related assay systems. The incompleteness of the data base, in many of these cases, makes comparative mutagenesis difficult or impossible. In our attempts to compare the genetic effects of a given chemical over a wide range of assay systems, we are often interested in making quantitative as well as qualitative compari sons. To restate the first comparison: is the chemical under ques tion a weak, moderate or potent mutagen over a wide range of assay systems--or alternatively, does the level of response vary markedly? To make the second comparison, what is needed is information on the spectrum of genetic alterations produced as well as whether this spectrum is consistent over a wide range of organisms.
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030915233X
Total Pages : 465 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-03-18 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the eighth volume in the series Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals, and reviews AEGLs for acrolein, carbon monoxide, 1,2-dichloroethene, ethylenimine, fluorine, hydrazine, peracetic acid, propylenimine, and sulfur dioxide for scientific accuracy, completeness, and consistency with the NRC guideline reports.
Author : Michael D. Waters
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461336112
Total Pages : 580 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (613 download)
Download or read book Short-Term Bioassays in the Analysis of Complex Environmental Mixtures III written by Michael D. Waters and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the four years since the 1978 Symposium on the Application of Short-Term Bioassays in the Fractionation and Analysis of Complex Environmental Mixtures the use of short-term bioassays to evaluate potential health hazards of complex environmental mixtures has substantially increased. Increased research activity has been particularly noticeable in mobile source emissions, where initial observations on the mutagenic activity of diesel particulate extracts reported at the 1978 symposium stimulated the development of major research programs in government and industry. In the absence of appropriate reference materials, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency initiated comparative genotoxicity studies to determine the relative mutagenic and carcinogenic activity and, ultimately, the potential human health risk due to exposure to various complex emission products. Among the materials investigated were those of known health risk, such as coke oven and roofing tar emissions and cigarette smoke condensates, and those of unknown hazard, such as exhaust from diesel-and gasoline-powered vehicles. Studies on diesel emission products proved useful in short term bioassay development, as the diesel exhaust extracts were genetically active with low cellular toxicity and could be obtained in relatively large quantities. Availability of such samples aided chemical characterization, and it was eventually determined that the nitro-polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons were among the mutagenic components of diesel exhaust particulate.
Author : Michael Waters
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461578493
Total Pages : 377 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)
Download or read book Short-Term Bioassays in the Analysis of Complex Environmental Mixtures IV written by Michael Waters and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With this proceedings of the fourth symposium on complex mixtures, we continue to revise and extend our knowledge of genetic methods for the evaluation of chemical mixtures in the environment. The early chapters of this volume are devoted to new bioassay techniques that are directly applicable to the monitoring of environments contaminated with genotoxic chemicals. Microbiological methods have been further refined to meet the special needs of atmospheric monitoring so that very small samples may now be efficiently tested. New in situ methods utilizing green plants actually avoid many of the usual difficulties of sample collection and preparation and offer special advantages in monitoring wastewater, sludges, and hazardous wastes. Insects also are being employed very effectively in the evaluation of gaseous air pollutants in controlled laboratory investigations. Increased emphasis has been placed on a comprehensive assessment of the potential of complex mixtures t9 cause various kinds of genetic damage. New assays for chromosome structural and numerical aberrations in mammalian cells in vitro have been developed and are being applied in laboratory studies. Efforts to link tests for gene mutation and cell transformation in vitro with assays for tumorigenesis in vivo are contributing to the validation of the short-term testing approach. Studies comparing in vitro and in vivo data on a coal conversion by-product, on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and on mineral fibers are reported in separate papers. Later chapters are devoted to investigations on the fractionation and biological evaluation of specific chemical components within complex mixtures.
Author : Michael Waters
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1468441213
Total Pages : 508 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (684 download)
Download or read book Short-Term Bioassays in the Analysis of Complex Environmental Mixtures II written by Michael Waters and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than one hundred short-term bioassays are now available for detecting the toxicity, mutagenicity, and potential carcinogenicity of chemicals. These bioassays were developed and validated with individual compounds, and their principal application was perceived to be in evaluating the health hazard of such materials. However, man is rarely exposed to single chemicals; his exposure to hazardous chemicals is more commonly a multifactorial phenomenon. Although chemical analysis can be used to detect known hazardous compounds, it would be a staggering and expensive task to analyze large numbers of samples for all known or suspected hazardous constituents. Furthermore, the biological activity of a complex mixture cannot be reliably predicted from knowledge of its components. On the other hand, bioassays alone cannot tell us which components of complex mixtures are responsible for the biological activity detected. Thus, cost effectiveness and technical feasibility dictate stepwise and perhaps iterative application -of both chemical and biological methods in evaluating the health effects of complex environmental mixtures. Through the coupling of reliable biological detection systems with methods of chemical fractionation and analysis, it is frequently possible to isolate the individual chemical species that show biological activity. Initially, complex mixtures may be separated and bioassayed in carefully defined chemical fractions. The results of such short-term screening bioassays then may be used td guide the course of further fractionation and to determine the need for more stringent and comprehensive biological testing.
Author : Frederick J. De Serres
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461327652
Total Pages : 511 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (613 download)
Download or read book Individual Susceptibility to Genotoxic Agents in the Human Population written by Frederick J. De Serres and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a result of the industrial revolution, man's technological achievements have been truly great, increasing the quality of life to almost unimagined proportions; but all this progress has not been accomplished without equally un imagined health risks. Sufficiently diagnostic short-term assay procedures have been developed in recent years for us to determine that there are mutagenic agents among thou sands of chemicals to which the human population is exposed today. These chemicals were not significantly present prior to the indus trial revolution. As of today, there are no procedures available which have been adequately demonstrated to assess individual sus ceptibility to genotoxic exposures, and as a result we have had to rely on extrapolating toxicological data from animal model systems. The question is can we afford to allow such an increased environ mental selection pressure via mutagenic exposures to occur without expecting adverse long-term effects on our health. It is apparent from this line of reasoning that what is lacking and immediately needed are test procedures that can be applied to humans to assess genotoxic exposure as well as individual susceptibility to it. There have already been two conferences which have focused at tention on this research area. "Guidelines for studies of human populations exposed to mutagenic and reproductive hazards" (A. D. Bloom, ed., March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation, White Plains, New York, 1981) and "Indicators of genotoxic exposure in humans" (Banbury Report 13, B. A. Bridges, B. E. Butterworth, and I. B.
Author : Ernest H.Y. Chu
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461323991
Total Pages : 852 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (613 download)
Download or read book Mutation, Cancer, and Malformation written by Ernest H.Y. Chu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 852 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the early 1930s, when I was a graduate student and later a post-doctoral researcher at the National Research Council for the University of Wisconsin at Madison, we had the opportunity to get acquainted with many graduate students from China who were sent to the University for training in modern basic sciences as well as social sciences. The University of Wisconsin continues to graduate a large number of Chinese students. Economic conditions in the 1930s were very precarious for the United States and other parts of the world. Many of us students grew closer together because we were living on similarly tight budgets. As a matter of fact, we subleased a part of our apartment in Madison to some Chinese graduate students. This was a very nice opportunity for us to learn about the scientific and cultural back ground of our Chinese friends. Many of them came from the interior of China and had had very little opportunity to become acquainted with people from a western culture. Living with these students was a very pleasant and educational experience which gave us a good pic ture of the cultural life and educational system of China at that time--an intimate picture that one normally would not see without travelling in that country.
Author : Morton Lippmann
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470442883
Total Pages : 1189 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (74 download)
Download or read book Environmental Toxicants written by Morton Lippmann and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-03-26 with total page 1189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides the most current information and research available for performing risk assessments on exposed individuals and populations, giving guidance to public health authorities, primary care physicians, and industrial managers Reviews current knowledge on human exposure to selected chemical agents and physical factors in the ambient environment Updates and revises the previous edition, in light of current scientific literature and its significance to public health concerns Includes new chapters on: airline cabin exposures, arsenic, endocrine disruptors, and nanoparticles
Author : Harry A. Milman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461337909
Total Pages : 505 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (613 download)
Download or read book Application of Biological Markers to Carcinogen Testing written by Harry A. Milman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Raymond R. Tice
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461334551
Total Pages : 648 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (613 download)
Download or read book Genotoxic Effects of Airborne Agents written by Raymond R. Tice and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For at least 40 years there has been a great interest in the problems created by infectious airborne agents and other toxic sub stances transported through the air. During the Second World War, this problem grew out of the very high incidence of upper respira tory infections appearing in new military recruits who were brought together in very large, open quarters. As a result, very interest ing methods were developed to measure these airborne agents, espe cially bacteria, and some important methods were refined for their control. These methods primarily concentrated on ultraviolet radia tion, propylene glycol and other means to reduce the dust in an en vironment. Because of the specialized circumstances at that time the whole consideration of airborne particles became prominent. Now, with the new strides in the recognition of mutagenic and carcinogenic effects attributed to exposure to airborne chemicals from today's technology, the problem has again become quite promi nent. The development of experimental chambers has made it possible to conduct studies under carefully controlled conditions.
Author : Richard E. Tucker
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 146133599X
Total Pages : 793 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (613 download)
Download or read book Human and Environmental Risks of Chlorinated Dioxins and Related Compounds written by Richard E. Tucker and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 793 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasing international concern is being expressed regarding the contamination of the environment with polychlorinated dibenzo-p dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans because certain of these chemicals have been shown to be highly toxic to animals and are ubiquitous in the environment. They are known to be distributed as contaminants of commercial products and as by-products from com bustion processes. A considerable volume of information has accumulated on these chemicals in the past two decades, particularly for the most toxic of them, 2,3,7,8-tetrach1orodibenzo-p-dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD). However, this body of knowledge has not succeeded in resolving genuine judgmental differences among experts in the field as to the degree of hazard to human health and the environment. In light of the widespread public concern, it is clearly imperative to come to grips with the continuing scientific controversy, to review the data, assess the issues, to see where areas of agreement exist, and where further research is needed to resolve remaining areas of disagree ment. This volume represents an effort to contribute to these goals.
Author : Scott Frickel
Publisher : Univ of Wisconsin Press
ISBN 13 : 0299213331
Total Pages : 500 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (992 download)
Download or read book The New Political Sociology of Science written by Scott Frickel and published by Univ of Wisconsin Press. This book was released on 2006-03-01 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the twenty-first century, the production and use of scientific knowledge is more regulated, commercialized, and participatory than at any other time. The stakes in understanding those changes are high for scientist and nonscientist alike: they challenge traditional ideas of intellectual work and property and have the potential to remake legal and professional boundaries and transform the practice of research. A critical examination of the structures of power and inequality these changes hinge upon, this book explores the implications for human health, democratic society, and the environment.
Author : National Library of Medicine (U.S.)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1174 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Current Catalog written by National Library of Medicine (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 1174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First multi-year cumulation covers six years: 1965-70.
Author : F.J. De Serres
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461337399
Total Pages : 343 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (613 download)
Download or read book Utilization of Mammalian Specific Locus Studies in Hazard Evaluation and Estimation of Genetic Risk written by F.J. De Serres and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The magnitude of the threat to the human genetic material posed by environmental agents has not as yet been fully determined. Never theless, the potential hazards of many chemicals have been identi fied by studies on lower organisms. However, too little is known regarding the comparability or lack of it between the metabolic pathways available in such organisms and those in man. Although at present there is great public concern for what is considered by some as the excessive use of laboratory animals in toxicological testing, it seems clear that the usage of mammalian systems may be deemed necessary. It has been proposed that cell culture systems might suffice to meet this need, however, such approaches cannot match the complexity of physiological occurances that are present in the intact animal. For studies of genetic effects, some non-invasive human test systems are presently available. These do not, however, meet the re quirements for extensive laboratory studies. In order to assess the risks to humans of environmental factors such laboratory investiga tions are essential. Therefore, for the forseeable future reliance on experiments using laboratory animals will be necessary. This Volume, which contains the proceedings of a workshop which was held at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, March 29-31, 1982, explores the existing methodologies and their utility for risk estimations. It covers the most well developed human systems, as well as the most widely used animal tests.
