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Combinatorics Of Train Tracks
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Book Synopsis Combinatorics of Train Tracks. (AM-125), Volume 125 by : R. C. Penner
Download or read book Combinatorics of Train Tracks. (AM-125), Volume 125 written by R. C. Penner and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2016-03-02 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Measured geodesic laminations are a natural generalization of simple closed curves in surfaces, and they play a decisive role in various developments in two-and three-dimensional topology, geometry, and dynamical systems. This book presents a self-contained and comprehensive treatment of the rich combinatorial structure of the space of measured geodesic laminations in a fixed surface. Families of measured geodesic laminations are described by specifying a train track in the surface, and the space of measured geodesic laminations is analyzed by studying properties of train tracks in the surface. The material is developed from first principles, the techniques employed are essentially combinatorial, and only a minimal background is required on the part of the reader. Specifically, familiarity with elementary differential topology and hyperbolic geometry is assumed. The first chapter treats the basic theory of train tracks as discovered by W. P. Thurston, including recurrence, transverse recurrence, and the explicit construction of a measured geodesic lamination from a measured train track. The subsequent chapters develop certain material from R. C. Penner's thesis, including a natural equivalence relation on measured train tracks and standard models for the equivalence classes (which are used to analyze the topology and geometry of the space of measured geodesic laminations), a duality between transverse and tangential structures on a train track, and the explicit computation of the action of the mapping class group on the space of measured geodesic laminations in the surface.
Book Synopsis Combinatorics of Train Tracks by : R. C. Penner
Download or read book Combinatorics of Train Tracks written by R. C. Penner and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Measured geodesic laminations are a natural generalization of simple closed curves in surfaces, and they play a decisive role in various developments in two-and three-dimensional topology, geometry, and dynamical systems. This book presents a self-contained and comprehensive treatment of the rich combinatorial structure of the space of measured geodesic laminations in a fixed surface. Families of measured geodesic laminations are described by specifying a train track in the surface, and the space of measured geodesic laminations is analyzed by studying properties of train tracks in the surface. The material is developed from first principles, the techniques employed are essentially combinatorial, and only a minimal background is required on the part of the reader. Specifically, familiarity with elementary differential topology and hyperbolic geometry is assumed. The first chapter treats the basic theory of train tracks as discovered by W. P. Thurston, including recurrence, transverse recurrence, and the explicit construction of a measured geodesic lamination from a measured train track. The subsequent chapters develop certain material from R. C. Penner's thesis, including a natural equivalence relation on measured train tracks and standard models for the equivalence classes (which are used to analyze the topology and geometry of the space of measured geodesic laminations), a duality between transverse and tangential structures on a train track, and the explicit computation of the action of the mapping class group on the space of measured geodesic laminations in the surface.
Book Synopsis Topology and Combinatorics of 3-Manifolds by : Klaus Johannson
Download or read book Topology and Combinatorics of 3-Manifolds written by Klaus Johannson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2006-11-14 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a study of combinatorial structures of 3-mani- folds, especially Haken 3-manifolds. Specifically, it is concerned with Heegard graphs in Haken 3-manifolds, i.e., with graphs whose complements have a free fundamental group. These graphs always exist. They fix not only a combinatorial stucture but also a presentation for the fundamental group of the underlying 3-manifold. The starting point of the book is the result that the intersection of Heegard graphs with incompressible surfaces, or hierarchies of such surfaces, is very rigid. A number of finiteness results lead up to a ri- gidity theorem for Heegard graphs. The book is intended for graduate students and researchers in low-dimensional topolo- gy as well as combinatorial theory. It is self-contained and requires only a basic knowledge of the theory of 3-manifolds
Book Synopsis Railway Track Allocation by : Thomas Schlechte
Download or read book Railway Track Allocation written by Thomas Schlechte and published by Sudwestdeutscher Verlag Fur Hochschulschriften AG. This book was released on 2012-03 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis is about mathematical optimization for the efficient use of railway infrastructure. We address the optimal allocation of the available railway track capacity - the track allocation problem. This track allocation problem is a major challenge for a railway company, independent of whether a free market, a private monopoly, or a public monopoly is given. Planning and operating railway transportation systems is extremely hard due to the combinatorial complexity of the underlying discrete optimization problems, the technical intricacies, and the immense sizes of the problem instances. Mathematical models and optimization techniques can result in huge gains for both railway customers and operators, e.g., in terms of cost reductions or service quality improvements. We tackle this challenge by developing novel mathematical models and associated innovative algorithmic solution methods for large scale instances. This allows us to produce for the first time reliable solutions for a real world instance, i.e., the Simplon corridor in Switzerland.
Book Synopsis Problems on Mapping Class Groups and Related Topics by : Benson Farb
Download or read book Problems on Mapping Class Groups and Related Topics written by Benson Farb and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2006-09-12 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The appearance of mapping class groups in mathematics is ubiquitous. The book presents 23 papers containing problems about mapping class groups, the moduli space of Riemann surfaces, Teichmuller geometry, and related areas. Each paper focusses completely on open problems and directions. The problems range in scope from specific computations, to broad programs. The goal is to have a rich source of problems which have been formulated explicitly and accessibly. The book is divided into four parts. Part I contains problems on the combinatorial and (co)homological group-theoretic aspects of mapping class groups, and the way in which these relate to problems in geometry and topology. Part II concentrates on connections with classification problems in 3-manifold theory, the theory of symplectic 4-manifolds, and algebraic geometry. A wide variety of problems, from understanding billiard trajectories to the classification of Kleinian groups, can be reduced to differential and synthetic geometry problems about moduli space. Such problems and connections are discussed in Part III. Mapping class groups are related, both concretely and philosophically, to a number of other groups, such as braid groups, lattices in semisimple Lie groups, and automorphism groups of free groups. Part IV concentrates on problems surrounding these relationships. This book should be of interest to anyone studying geometry, topology, algebraic geometry or infinite groups. It is meant to provide inspiration for everyone from graduate students to senior researchers.
Book Synopsis Recent Advances in Algorithms and Combinatorics by : Bruce A. Reed
Download or read book Recent Advances in Algorithms and Combinatorics written by Bruce A. Reed and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excellent authors, such as Lovasz, one of the five best combinatorialists in the world; Thematic linking that makes it a coherent collection; Will appeal to a variety of communities, such as mathematics, computer science and operations research
Book Synopsis Geometry of Riemann Surfaces by : William J. Harvey
Download or read book Geometry of Riemann Surfaces written by William J. Harvey and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-02-11 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Original research and expert surveys on Riemann surfaces.
Book Synopsis Ordering Braids by : Patrick Dehornoy
Download or read book Ordering Braids written by Patrick Dehornoy and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2008 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the discovery that Artin's braid groups enjoy a left-invariant linear ordering, several different approaches have been used to understand this phenomenon. This text provides an account of those approaches, involving varied objects & domains as combinatorial group theory, self-distributive algebra & finite combinatorics.
Book Synopsis Fine Structures of Hyperbolic Diffeomorphisms by : Alberto Adrego Pinto
Download or read book Fine Structures of Hyperbolic Diffeomorphisms written by Alberto Adrego Pinto and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-09-30 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of hyperbolic systems is one of the core themes of modern dynamical systems. This book plays an important role in filling a gap in the present literature on hyperbolic dynamics and is highly recommended for all PhD students interested in this field.
Author :Mauricio Matos Peixoto Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :3642114563 Total Pages :812 pages Book Rating :4.6/5 (421 download)
Book Synopsis Dynamics, Games and Science I by : Mauricio Matos Peixoto
Download or read book Dynamics, Games and Science I written by Mauricio Matos Peixoto and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-03-29 with total page 812 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dynamics, Games and Science I and II are a selection of surveys and research articles written by leading researchers in mathematics. The majority of the contributions are on dynamical systems and game theory, focusing either on fundamental and theoretical developments or on applications to modeling in biology, ecomonics, engineering, finances and psychology. The papers are based on talks given at the International Conference DYNA 2008, held in honor of Mauricio Peixoto and David Rand at the University of Braga, Portugal, on September 8-12, 2008. The aim of these volumes is to present cutting-edge research in these areas to encourage graduate students and researchers in mathematics and other fields to develop them further.
Book Synopsis Encyclopaedia of Mathematics by : Michiel Hazewinkel
Download or read book Encyclopaedia of Mathematics written by Michiel Hazewinkel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 639 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the second supplementary volume to Kluwer's highly acclaimed eleven-volume Encyclopaedia of Mathematics. This additional volume contains nearly 500 new entries written by experts and covers developments and topics not included in the previous volumes. These entries are arranged alphabetically throughout and a detailed index is included. This supplementary volume enhances the existing eleven volumes, and together these twelve volumes represent the most authoritative, comprehensive and up-to-date Encyclopaedia of Mathematics available.
Book Synopsis Low-dimensional Topology and Kleinian Groups by : D. B. A. Epstein
Download or read book Low-dimensional Topology and Kleinian Groups written by D. B. A. Epstein and published by CUP Archive. This book was released on 1986 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 2 is divided into three parts: the first 'Surfaces' contains an article by Thurston on earthquakes and by Penner on traintracks. The second part is entitled 'Knots and 3-Manifolds' and the final part 'Kleinian Groups'.
Book Synopsis Geometry and Topology in Dynamics by : Marcy Barge
Download or read book Geometry and Topology in Dynamics written by Marcy Barge and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 1999 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume consists of the written presentations of lectures given at two special sessions: the AMS Special Session on Topology in Dynamics (Winston-Salem, NC) and the AMS-AWM Special Session on Geometry in Dynamics (San Antonio, TX). Each article concerns aspects of the topology or geometry of dynamical systems. Topics covered include the following: foliations and laminations, iterated function systems, the three-body problem, isotopy stability, homoclinic tangles, fractal dimension, Morse homology, knotted orbits, inverse limits, contact structures, Grassmanians, blowups, and continua. New results are presented reflecting current trends in topological aspects of dynamical systems. The book offers a wide variety of topics of special interest to those working this area bridging topology and dynamical systems.
Book Synopsis Topology and Geometry in Dimension Three by : Weiping Li
Download or read book Topology and Geometry in Dimension Three written by Weiping Li and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2011 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains the proceedings of a conference held from June 4-6, 2010, at Oklahoma State University, in honor of William (Bus) Jaco's 70th birthday. His contributions to research in low dimensional geometry and topology and to the American mathematical community, especially through his work for the American Mathematical Society, were recognized during the conference. The focus of the conference was on triangulations and geometric structures for three-dimensional manifolds. The papers in this volume present significant new results on these topics, as well as in geometric group theory.
Book Synopsis Commensurabilities Among Lattices in PU (1,n) by : Pierre Deligne
Download or read book Commensurabilities Among Lattices in PU (1,n) written by Pierre Deligne and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 1993-09-12 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first part of this monograph is devoted to a characterization of hypergeometric-like functions, that is, twists of hypergeometric functions in n-variables. These are treated as an (n+1) dimensional vector space of multivalued locally holomorphic functions defined on the space of n+3 tuples of distinct points on the projective line P modulo, the diagonal section of Auto P=m. For n=1, the characterization may be regarded as a generalization of Riemann's classical theorem characterizing hypergeometric functions by their exponents at three singular points. This characterization permits the authors to compare monodromy groups corresponding to different parameters and to prove commensurability modulo inner automorphisms of PU(1,n). The book includes an investigation of elliptic and parabolic monodromy groups, as well as hyperbolic monodromy groups. The former play a role in the proof that a surprising number of lattices in PU(1,2) constructed as the fundamental groups of compact complex surfaces with constant holomorphic curvature are in fact conjugate to projective monodromy groups of hypergeometric functions. The characterization of hypergeometric-like functions by their exponents at the divisors "at infinity" permits one to prove generalizations in n-variables of the Kummer identities for n-1 involving quadratic and cubic changes of the variable.
Download or read book Graph Drawing written by Guiseppe Liotta and published by Springer. This book was released on 2004-03-04 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 11th International Symposium on Graph Drawing (GD 2003) was held on September 21–24, 2003, at the Universit` a degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy. GD 2003 attracted 93 participants from academic and industrial institutions in 17 countries. In response to the call for papers, the program committee received 88 re- larsubmissionsdescribingoriginalresearchand/orsystemdemonstrations.Each submission was reviewed by at least 4 program committee members and c- ments were returned to the authors. Following extensive e-mail discussions, the program committee accepted 34 long papers (12 pages each in the proceedings) and 11 short papers (6 pages each in the proceedings). Also, 6 posters (2 pages each in the proceedings) were displayed in the conference poster gallery. In addition to the 88 submissions, the program committee also received a submission of special type, one that was not competing with the others for a time slot in the conference program and that collects selected open problems in graph drawing. The aim of this paper, which was refereed with particular care andUNCHANGEDtworoundsofrevisions,istostimulatefutureresearchinthe graph drawing community. The paper presents 42 challenging open problems in di?erentareasofgraphdrawingandcontainsmorethan120references.Although the length of the paper makes it closer to a journal version than to a conference extended abstract, we decided to include it in the conference proceedings so that it could easily reach in a short time the vast majority of the graph drawing community.
Book Synopsis Collected Works of William P. Thurston with Commentary by : Benson Farb
Download or read book Collected Works of William P. Thurston with Commentary written by Benson Farb and published by American Mathematical Society. This book was released on 2023-06-02 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: William Thurston's work has had a profound influence on mathematics. He connected whole mathematical subjects in entirely new ways and changed the way mathematicians think about geometry, topology, foliations, group theory, dynamical systems, and the way these areas interact. His emphasis on understanding and imagination in mathematical learning and thinking are integral elements of his distinctive legacy. This four-part collection brings together in one place Thurston's major writings, many of which are appearing in publication for the first time. Volumes I–III contain commentaries by the Editors. Volume IV includes a preface by Steven P. Kerckhoff. Volume II contains William Thurston's papers on the geometry and topology of 3-manifolds, on complexity, constructions and computers, and on geometric group theory.
