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Author : Robert C. Marshall
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 178 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (22 download)
Download or read book Collective Decision Making in Rural Japan written by Robert C. Marshall and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Robert Marshall
Publisher : University of Michigan Press
ISBN 13 : 0472901990
Total Pages : 195 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (729 download)
Download or read book Collective Decision Making in Rural Japan written by Robert Marshall and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2020-06-01 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study is a result of three continuous years of fieldwork in a hamlet in rural Japan. The data presented and analyzed here consist of records from participant observation, formal and informal interviews, casual conversation and formal questionnaires, and public and private documents. The subject of this research is group decision making, and the results of this process are, after all, a matter of public record. The major conclusions of this study are outlined in their simplest and most straightforward form. A hamlet is fundamentally a nexus for the organization of productive exchange among member households, the form of exchange through which two or more parties actively combine their resources to produce something of value not available, or as cheaply available, to any of them separately. Defection from productive exchange agreements by hamlet members is reduced by making access to future valuable transactions and corporate property contingent upon the integrity of each current exchange transaction. This method of combining a common interest in production with contingent access to productive resources is termed mutual investment and is the major source of consensus in hamlet decision making. When only cooperate resources are at issue, decisions regularly result in unanimity. When a course of action can be implemented only if hamlet members relinquish control over individually held resources, a division will emerge among the membership. Whether or not a formal vote is taken, the distribution of differing opinion will be known through more informal means of communication. In all cases of division, by the time the course of action to be implemented is formally announced, the minority in opposition will be extremely small. The question then must be resolved whether those in the minority will participate in the implementation or resign as hamlet members. This book is written with two rather disparate audiences in mind: readers interested primarily in exchange and decision-making phenomenon, on the one hand, and readers interested primarily in the unity of experience represented by the Japanese sensibility, on the other.
Author : Robert Craig Marshall
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 570 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (773 download)
Download or read book Collective Decision-making in Rural Japan written by Robert Craig Marshall and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Andreas Niehaus
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 331950553X
Total Pages : 537 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (195 download)
Download or read book Feeding Japan written by Andreas Niehaus and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-08-22 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited collection explores the historical dimensions, cultural practices, socio-economic mechanisms and political agendas that shape the notion of a national cuisine inside and outside of Japan. Japanese food is often perceived as pure, natural, healthy and timeless, and these words not only fuel a hype surrounding Japanese food and lifestyle worldwide, but also a domestic retro-movement that finds health and authenticity in ‘traditional’ ingredients, dishes and foodways. The authors in this volume bring together research from the fields of history, cultural and religious studies, food studies as well as political science and international relations, and aim to shed light on relevant aspects of culinary nationalism in Japan while unearthing the underlying patterns and processes in the construction of food identities.
Author : Ellis S. Krauss
Publisher : University of Hawaii Press
ISBN 13 : 0824844165
Total Pages : 433 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (248 download)
Download or read book Conflict in Japan written by Ellis S. Krauss and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 2021-05-25 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social and political conflict in postwar Japan is the subject of this volume, which draws together a series of field-based studies by North American and Japanese sociologists, anthropologists, and political scientists. It focuses attention on the sources of conflict and the ways in which conflict is expressed and managed. This book challenges the widely held theories stressing the harmony and vertical structure of social relations in Japan, which imply that conflict is only of minimal importance. Not only does the research presented here force recognition of the existence and complexity of conflict patterns in Japan, its approach to conflict provides a dynamic, empirical, and interdisciplinary focus on social and political processes in the postwar period. The editors' theoretical introduction is followed by a general conceptual piece by one of Japan's foremost sociologists. Ten empirical studies, each offering both new data and new insights on known data about Japanese social and political systems, analyze conflict and conflict resolution in interpersonal relations, industrial relations, education, rural villages, government bureaucracy, parliament, political parties, and interest groups, including how they are manifested in women's and student protest movements and portrayed in the mass media. Western social science conflict theories are applied to enhance our understanding of both the universal and the unique elements in Japanese social and political institutions.
Author : Josef Kreiner
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9789004105164
Total Pages : 602 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (51 download)
Download or read book Modern Japanese society / edited by Josef Kreiner, Ulrich Hohwald and Hans Dieter Olschleger. written by Josef Kreiner and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2004 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is Japanese society essentially different from other modern industrialized societies, or not? This survey work with contributions from the leading scholars in this complicated field, presents a full overview of the most important aspects of Japanese society which may lead the reader to find an answer to these two often-asked questions. Japanese society, defined as those institutions shaping the life of individuals and groups, as well as being responsible for the dynamics of social development, is shown to be as modern as any other industrialized society; definitely distinct, though, are the ways in which institutions are defined and organised as a result of different social and historical roots of the process of modernization.
Author : Richard Perren
Publisher : Manchester University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780719024580
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (245 download)
Download or read book Japanese Studies from Pre-History to 1990 written by Richard Perren and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 1992 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Hanno Jentzsch
Publisher : University of Toronto Press
ISBN 13 : 1487538472
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (875 download)
Download or read book Harvesting State Support written by Hanno Jentzsch and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 2021-05-02 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agriculture has been among the toughest political battlegrounds in postwar Japan and represents an ideal case study in institutional stability and change. Inefficient land use and a rapidly aging workforce have long been undermining the economic viability of the agricultural sector. Yet vested interests in the small-scale, part-time agricultural production structure have obstructed major reforms. Change has instead occurred in more subtle ways. Since the mid-1990s, a gradual reform process has dismantled some of the core pillars of the postwar agricultural support and protection regime. Harvesting State Support analyzes this process by shifting the analytical focus to the local level. Drawing on extensive qualitative field research, Hanno Jentzsch investigates how local actors, including farmers, local governments, and local agricultural cooperatives, have translated abstract policies into local practice. Showing how local variants are constructed through recombining national reforms with the local informal institutional environment, Harvesting State Support reveals new links between agricultural reform and other shifts in Japan’s political economy.
Author : Evan M. Berman
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351552724
Total Pages : 677 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (515 download)
Download or read book Public Administration in East Asia written by Evan M. Berman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-25 with total page 677 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by leading experts, Public Administration in East Asia: Mainland China, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan examines the inner workings of governments in East Asia, in particular its public administration and related public policy processes. It focuses on the apparatus of government — the agencies, their values, context, and policies within which they operate. Organized in parallel sections, the book covers the history, public policy processes, organization, HRM, ethics, corruption, intergovernmental relations, performance management, and e-government. It discusses each of these topics separately for Mainland China, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan, providing an unusual and important comparative perspective. The book includes essential knowledge and facts, discussions of emerging issues, and useful resources for further reading. It addresses questions such as: What is the history of public administration in East Asia? How are decisions made? What is the role of Confucianism in shaping public administration? How does the developmental path affect public administration? Why is performance management emphasized? What is the state of citizen participation? How are ethical underpinnings of the civil service different from the West? Why are intergovernmental relations an essential issue in East Asia? What are the politics behind world-class achievements in IT? What is the nature of civil service reform? What is the nature of efforts to combat government corruption? You can find many books on trade policy and politics that sometimes give good insight into the operation of government agencies. You can also find a few edited books that contain single chapters on countries in the Asia-Pacific region. What is missing, however, is a single resource that provides an overview with depth on matters solely about public administration. This state-of-the-art resource brings together the fragments of existing knowledge on East Asian economies, filling the need for a comprehensive compendium that showcases the public administration practices in the region and East Asia’s innovative approaches to governance and its many challenges.
Author : Jackson H. Bailey
Publisher : University of Hawaii Press
ISBN 13 : 9780824812997
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (129 download)
Download or read book Ordinary People, Extraordinary Lives written by Jackson H. Bailey and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 1991-10-01 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tanohata in the 1950s was an isolated fishing village in the Tohoku region of Japan. Life there was so miserable that those who could leave did, and those who could not stayed on in a state of demoralization. By the 1980s, however, Tanohata had not only joined the mainstream of Japanese culture and economic life, but had done so with an adroitness that attracted national notice. The story of that dramatic transformation, written from the perspective of one who has both observed and participated in the changes for the last 20 years, brings into dramatic focus what is happening throughout Japan in the 20th century.
Author : Carolyn S. Stevens
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134757085
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (347 download)
Download or read book On the Margins of Japanese Society written by Carolyn S. Stevens and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2003-09-02 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The popular perception of Japanese society is that it possesses a homogeneity and cultural conformity unlike anything to be found in the West. In fact Japan has its own underclass living outside the mainstream in economic circumstances that are radically different to the more usual perception of a wealthy and sucessful society. Carolyn S. Stevens has produced a new study that intimately explores the lives of Japan's social outcasts as well as those volunteers who seek to help them and as a consequence become socially marginalized themselves.
Author : V. Lee Hamilton
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780300060720
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (67 download)
Download or read book Everyday Justice written by V. Lee Hamilton and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 1992-01-01 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is a fundamental human impulse to seek restitution or retribution when a wrong is done, yet individuals and societies assess responsibility and allocate punishment for wrongdoing in different ways. This book investigates how average citizens in the United States and Japan think about and judge various kinds of wrongdoing, how they determine who is responsible when things go wrong, and how they prefer to punish offenders. Drawing on the results of surveys they conducted in Detroit, Michigan, and Yokohama and Kanazawa, Japan, the authors compare both individual and cultural reactions to wrongdoing. They find that decisions about justice are influenced by whether or not there seems to be a social relationship between the offender and victim: the American tendency is to see actors in isolation while the Japanese tendency is to see them in relation to others. The Japanese, who emphasize the importance of role obligations and social ties, mete out punishment with the goal of restoring the offender to the social network. Americans, who acknowledge fewer "ties that bind" and have firmer convictions that evil resides in individuals, punish wrongdoers by isolating them from the community. The authors explore the implications of "justice among friends" versus "justice towards strangers" as approaches to the righting of wrongs in modern society. Their findings will be of interest to students of social psychology, the sociology of law, and Japanese studies.
Author : W. Mark Fruin
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0195353625
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)
Download or read book Networks, Markets, and the Pacific Rim written by W. Mark Fruin and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1998-11-19 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the negative press Asian economies have received in connection with the recent financial crisis, their record of spectacular growth over the past few decades remains irrefutable. In an effort to provide a rich, textured analysis of these economies, editor W. Mark Fruin presents a collection of essays that explores the wide range of network organizations that have been established in the Pacific Rim. Conventional studies of economic organization have tended to center on markets and hierarchies, the two forms of organization most common in the West. But today the world moves too quickly and too unpredictably for the idealized organizations of microeconomic theory to keep up. It is no accident that the region that has generated the world's most explosive economic growth is also the region where network organizations--sets of independent actors who cooperate frequently for mutual advantage--are most pervasive. Rapid economic, social, and technical changes favor the formation of network organizations, and vice versa. The contributors to this volume identify and elucidate four basic types of networks: naturally occurring networks, market replacing networks, hierarchy replacing networks, and market enhancing networks. They show how all of these have been shaped by the history, government, legal system, and culture of each country under consideration. These network organizations allow the authors to compare and contrast network forms in China, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and the United States according to features such as degrees of formalization, rule definition, and market conformance. The works collected here make an important contribution to a networks-markets- hierarchies framework that recognizes and emphasizes the diversity of organizational forms and behaviors. A unique resource for scholars and professionals in the fields of management and economics, this book enables a complex analysis of one of the world's fastest growing and most theoretically challenging regions.
Author : Theodore C. Bestor
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520220242
Total Pages : 440 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (22 download)
Download or read book Tsukiji written by Theodore C. Bestor and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2004-07-13 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher Description
Author : Robert Cole
Publisher : University of Michigan Press
ISBN 13 : 0472902067
Total Pages : 119 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (729 download)
Download or read book The American Automobile Industry written by Robert Cole and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2020-06-01 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amid the gloom, indeed the despair, that prevailed among auto industry spokesmen during early 1981, the University of Michigan held the first U.S.-Japan Auto Conference. With all the uncertainty that accompanies a march into new territory, the conference very much resembled a call to arms as industry, union, and government officials sought to comprehend and respond to the Japanese challenge. In the subsequent two conferences in 1982 and 1983, the concerned parties displayed an impressive willingness to roll up their sleeves and get on with creating the conditions for a renewal of the industry. Yet success seemed to elude their efforts, and frustrations mounted as the national recession lengthened and deepened. It was not until the March 1984 conference that definite change in tone became apparent. By this time, it was clear that the industry was beginning to reap the fruits of its efforts. As Paul McCracken notes in his remarks, the market for new cars was manifesting its traditional high-geared response to improved business conditions, and the voluntary trade restraints were contributing to the ability of the industry to take advantage of this renewed prosperity. In addition, those who know the industry well knew that the major improvements in quality and productivity had been made, and many of the changes responsible for these improvements seem unlikely to be reversed. All this was much on the minds of speakers and participants during the March conference. The various speakers presented an image of people who thought that they were pretty much on the way toward addressing successfully their internal problems of productivity, quality, and marketing. All that remained was to dispose of the external factors that prevented the, from competing on that well-known if elusive "level playing field." [ix]
Author : Toshio Shimao
Publisher : University of Michigan Press
ISBN 13 : 0472902016
Total Pages : 201 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (729 download)
Download or read book “The Sting of Death” and Other Stories written by Toshio Shimao and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2020-06-01 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Until a recent “boom,” Shimao Toshio, writer of short fiction, critic, and essayist, was not widely known, even in Japan. He has never won the Akutagawa or the Naoki Prize, and none of his works had previously appeared in English translation. He is less well known than other writers (Yasuoka Shotaro, Kojima Nobuo, and Shono Junzo) with whom he has associated and whose works have been liberally translated into English. Yet, there are those who consider him to be one of the best contemporary writers in Japan. This volume by no means exhausts the scope of Shimao's fiction. There are no stories here, for instance, about childhood or student life, and none of his many travel stories. Some of his most famous stories-- "When we Never Left Port," for example--have not been included. But the stories presented here do offer a considerable variety of style, from the pristine storybook language of "The Farthest Edge of the Islands," to the young intellectual's jargon of "Everyday Life in a Dream," to the visionary, hysterical, occasionally ritualistic prose of the "sick wife" stories, to the sober, difficult, almost ponderous narration of "This Time That Summer." Shimao's approach to his material varies as well. "Everyday Life in a Dream" is the only representative here of a large number of stories usually called surrealistic by the critics, stories whose plots progress by the logic of dreams. The individual experience of real life are lived through a combination of conscious and unconscious perception. These stories are the least approachable and the least charming to the casual reader, but they serve, among other things, to highlight patterns in the more realistic fiction. "The Farthest Edge of the Islands" is a symbolic heightening of reality in another way, a romantic fairy tale beginning at the extremity of experience, at the farthest edge of the world. The other stories are presented as precise, close chronicles of reality by a participant in that reality whose attention never waivers and who never allows himself to avert his eyes from a world that he sees as his responsibility and in a sense his fault. All but the first story, "The Farthest Edge of the Islands," which is in third-person narration, are told in the first person by the character who plays Shimao's role in the life that inspired the fiction.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 768 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Pacific Affairs written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 768 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
