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Cognitive Models In Language And Thought
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Book Synopsis Cognitive Models in Language and Thought by : René Dirven
Download or read book Cognitive Models in Language and Thought written by René Dirven and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2012-05-02 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volume offers a number of representative papers on cognitive models that are invoked when people deal with questions of social identity, political and economic manipulation, and more general issues such as the genomic discourse. In line with the well-known volume Cultural Models in Language and Thought by Holland and Quinn (1987), the volume shows that Cognitive Linguistics has further explored the idea that we think about social reality in terms of models - 'cognitive/cultural models' or 'folk theories'. As in cultural models, the present volume demonstrates that the technical apparatus of Cognitive Linguistics can be used to analyze the various ways our conception of social reality is shaped by underlying cognitive and/or cultural models or patterns of thought, and also looks into how this is done. The new inroad the volume wants to pursue is the deliberate and explicit orientation towards a cognitive sociolinguistics, or more generally, a cognitive semiotics.
Book Synopsis Cultural Models in Language and Thought by : Dorothy Holland
Download or read book Cultural Models in Language and Thought written by Dorothy Holland and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1987-01-30 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A multidisciplinary collaboration exploring the role of cultural knowledge in everyday language and understanding.
Book Synopsis Metonymy in Language and Thought by : Klaus-Uwe Panther
Download or read book Metonymy in Language and Thought written by Klaus-Uwe Panther and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1999-01-01 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metonymy in Language and Thought gives a state-of-the-art account of metonymic research. The contributions have different disciplinary and theoretical backgrounds in linguistics, psycholinguistics, psychology and literary studies. However, they share the assumption that metonymy is a cognitive phenomenon, a figure of thought, underlying much of our ordinary conceptualization that may be even more fundamental than metaphor. The use of metonymy in language is a reflection of this conceptual status. The framework within which metonymy is understood in this volume is that of scenes, frames, scenarios, domains or idealized cognitive models. The chapters are revised papers given at the Metonymy Workshop held in Hamburg, 1996.
Book Synopsis Cognitive Modelling in Language and Discourse across Cultures by : Annalisa Baicchi
Download or read book Cognitive Modelling in Language and Discourse across Cultures written by Annalisa Baicchi and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2017-08-21 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume deals with core issues in figurative language and figurative thought. It also explores areas of convergence between idealised cognitive models and language across fourteen European and non-European languages (Croatian, English, German, Greek, Italian, Japanese, Persian, Polish, Russian, Old Saxon, Sicilian, Spanish, Swedish, and Turkish). The collection foregrounds the relationship that holds between literalness and figurativeness in meaning construction, it emphasises the role of conceptual metonymy and metaphor as the main cognitive tools at work in inferential activity and as generators of discourse ties, and it also depicts the import of cognitive models in the production and interpretation of multimodal communication. In addition, a number of more specific topics are addressed from different perspectives, such as language variation and cultural models, the argumentative role of metaphor in discourse and the role of empirical work in cognitive linguistics.
Book Synopsis From Molecule to Metaphor by : Jerome Feldman
Download or read book From Molecule to Metaphor written by Jerome Feldman and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2008-01-25 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In From Molecule to Metaphor, Jerome Feldman proposes a theory of language and thought that treats language not as an abstract symbol system but as a human biological ability that can be studied as a function of the brain, as vision and motor control are studied. This theory, he writes, is a "bridging theory" that works from extensive knowledge at two ends of a causal chain to explicate the links between. Although the cognitive sciences are revealing much about how our brains produce language and thought, we do not yet know exactly how words are understood or have any methodology for finding out. Feldman develops his theory in computer simulations—formal models that suggest ways that language and thought may be realized in the brain. Combining key findings and theories from biology, computer science, linguistics, and psychology, Feldman synthesizes a theory by exhibiting programs that demonstrate the required behavior while remaining consistent with the findings from all disciplines. After presenting the essential results on language, learning, neural computation, the biology of neurons and neural circuits, and the mind/brain, Feldman introduces specific demonstrations and formal models of such topics as how children learn their first words, words for abstract and metaphorical concepts, understanding stories, and grammar (including "hot-button" issues surrounding the innateness of human grammar). With this accessible, comprehensive book Feldman offers readers who want to understand how our brains create thought and language a theory of language that is intuitively plausible and also consistent with existing scientific data at all levels.
Book Synopsis Computational Cognitive Modeling and Linguistic Theory by : Adrian Brasoveanu
Download or read book Computational Cognitive Modeling and Linguistic Theory written by Adrian Brasoveanu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-01 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book introduces a general framework that allows natural language researchers to enhance existing competence theories with fully specified performance and processing components. Gradually developing increasingly complex and cognitively realistic competence-performance models, it provides running code for these models and shows how to fit them to real-time experimental data. This computational cognitive modeling approach opens up exciting new directions for research in formal semantics, and linguistics more generally, and offers new ways of (re)connecting semantics and the broader field of cognitive science. The approach of this book is novel in more ways than one. Assuming the mental architecture and procedural modalities of Anderson's ACT-R framework, it presents fine-grained computational models of human language processing tasks which make detailed quantitative predictions that can be checked against the results of self-paced reading and other psycho-linguistic experiments. All models are presented as computer programs that readers can run on their own computer and on inputs of their choice, thereby learning to design, program and run their own models. But even for readers who won't do all that, the book will show how such detailed, quantitatively predicting modeling of linguistic processes is possible. A methodological breakthrough and a must for anyone concerned about the future of linguistics! (Hans Kamp) This book constitutes a major step forward in linguistics and psycholinguistics. It constitutes a unique synthesis of several different research traditions: computational models of psycholinguistic processes, and formal models of semantics and discourse processing. The work also introduces a sophisticated python-based software environment for modeling linguistic processes. This book has the potential to revolutionize not only formal models of linguistics, but also models of language processing more generally. (Shravan Vasishth) .
Book Synopsis The Cambridge Handbook of Psycholinguistics by : Michael Spivey
Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Psycholinguistics written by Michael Spivey and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-08-20 with total page 1453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our ability to speak, write, understand speech and read is critical to our ability to function in today's society. As such, psycholinguistics, or the study of how humans learn and use language, is a central topic in cognitive science. This comprehensive handbook is a collection of chapters written not by practitioners in the field, who can summarize the work going on around them, but by trailblazers from a wide array of subfields, who have been shaping the field of psycholinguistics over the last decade. Some topics discussed include how children learn language, how average adults understand and produce language, how language is represented in the brain, how brain-damaged individuals perform in terms of their language abilities and computer-based models of language and meaning. This is required reading for advanced researchers, graduate students and upper-level undergraduates who are interested in the recent developments and the future of psycholinguistics.
Book Synopsis The Language of Thought by : Jerry A. Fodor
Download or read book The Language of Thought written by Jerry A. Fodor and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1975 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a compelling defense of the speculative approach to the philosophy of mind, Jerry Fodor argues that, while our best current theories of cognitive psychology view many higher processes as computational, computation itself presupposes an internal medium of representation. Fodor's prime concerns are to buttress the notion of internal representation from a philosophical viewpoint, and to determine those characteristics of this conceptual construct using the empirical data available from linguistics and cognitive psychology.
Book Synopsis Women, Fire, and Dangerous Things by : George Lakoff
Download or read book Women, Fire, and Dangerous Things written by George Lakoff and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2008-08-08 with total page 633 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Its publication should be a major event for cognitive linguistics and should pose a major challenge for cognitive science. In addition, it should have repercussions in a variety of disciplines, ranging from anthropology and psychology to epistemology and the philosophy of science. . . . Lakoff asks: What do categories of language and thought reveal about the human mind? Offering both general theory and minute details, Lakoff shows that categories reveal a great deal."—David E. Leary, American Scientist
Book Synopsis Figurative Meaning Construction in Thought and Language by : Annalisa Baicchi
Download or read book Figurative Meaning Construction in Thought and Language written by Annalisa Baicchi and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2020-08-12 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together twelve usage-based studies conducted by leading researchers in language and cognition that explore core issues of figurativeness from the Cognitive Linguistics perspective. The individual chapters reveal the central function of figurativeness in thought and its impact on language. Cognition relies on knowledge-structuring tools in the construction of meaning both mentally and linguistically. Collectively, the chapters delve into an array of topics that are crucial to future research in figurative meaning construction, especially on questions of identification and structure of figures, the figurative motivation of constructions, the impact of figurativeness on pragmatic and multimodal communication, and the correlation between figures and cognitive models.
Book Synopsis Cognitive Models of Speech Processing by : Gerry T. M. Altmann
Download or read book Cognitive Models of Speech Processing written by Gerry T. M. Altmann and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1995 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cognitive Models of Speech Processing presents extensive reviews of current thinking on psycholinguistic and computational topics in speech recognition and natural-language processing, along with a substantial body of new experimental data and computational simulations. Topics range from lexical access and the recognition of words in continuous speech to syntactic processing and the relationship between syntactic and intonational structure. A Bradford Book. ACL-MIT Press Series in Natural Language Processing
Book Synopsis Language in Cognitive Development by : Katherine Nelson
Download or read book Language in Cognitive Development written by Katherine Nelson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1998-03-13 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the role of language as a cognitive and communicative tool in a child's early development.
Book Synopsis Cognitive Linguistics by : Vyvyan Evans
Download or read book Cognitive Linguistics written by Vyvyan Evans and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-10-24 with total page 852 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A general introduction to the area of theoretical linguistics known as cognitive linguistics, this textbook provides up-to-date coverage of all areas of the field, including recent developments within cognitive semantics (such as Primary Metaphor Theory, Conceptual Blending Theory, and Principled Polysemy), and cognitive approaches to grammar (such as Radical Construction Grammar and Embodied Construction Grammar). The authors offer clear, critical evaluations of competing formal approaches within theoretical linguistics. For example, cognitive linguistics is compared to Generative Grammar and Relevance Theory. In the selection of material and in the presentations, the authors have aimed for a balanced perspective. Part II, Cognitive Semantics, and Part III, Cognitive Approaches to Grammar, have been created to be read independently. The authors have kept in mind that different instructors and readers will need to use the book in different ways tailored to their own goals. The coverage is suitable for a number of courses. While all topics are presented in terms accessible to both undergraduate and graduate students of linguistics, cognitive linguistics, psycholinguistics, cognitive science, and modern languages, this work is sufficiently comprehensive and detailed to serve as a reference work for scholars who wish to gain a better understanding of cognitive linguistics.
Book Synopsis A Cognitive Theory of Consciousness by : Bernard J. Baars
Download or read book A Cognitive Theory of Consciousness written by Bernard J. Baars and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1993-07-30 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bernard Baars suggests a way to specify empirical constraints on a theory of consciousness by contrasting well-established conscious phenomena with comparable unconscious ones, such as stimulus representations known to be preperceptual, unattended or habituated. By adducing data to show that consciousness is associated with a kind of workplace in the nervous system, Baars helps clarify the problem.
Book Synopsis Language and Cognition by : Kuniyoshi L. Sakai
Download or read book Language and Cognition written by Kuniyoshi L. Sakai and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-07-07 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interaction between language and cognition remains an unsolved scientific problem. What are the differences in neural mechanisms of language and cognition? Why do children acquire language by the age of six, while taking a lifetime to acquire cognition? What is the role of language and cognition in thinking? Is abstract cognition possible without language? Is language just a communication device, or is it fundamental in developing thoughts? Why are there no animals with human thinking but without human language? Combinations even among 100 words and 100 objects (multiple words can represent multiple objects) exceed the number of all the particles in the Universe, and it seems that no amount of experience would suffice to learn these associations. How does human brain overcome this difficulty? Since the 19th century we know about involvement of Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas in language. What new knowledge of language and cognition areas has been found with fMRI and other brain imaging methods? Every year we know more about their anatomical and functional/effective connectivity. What can be inferred about mechanisms of their interaction, and about their functions in language and cognition? Why does the human brain show hemispheric (i.e., left or right) dominance for some specific linguistic and cognitive processes? Is understanding of language and cognition processed in the same brain area, or are there differences in language-semantic and cognitive-semantic brain areas? Is the syntactic process related to the structure of our conceptual world? Chomsky has suggested that language is separable from cognition. On the opposite, cognitive and construction linguistics emphasized a single mechanism of both. Neither has led to a computational theory so far. Evolutionary linguistics has emphasized evolution leading to a mechanism of language acquisition, yet proposed approaches also lead to incomputable complexity. There are some more related issues in linguistics and language education as well. Which brain regions govern phonology, lexicon, semantics, and syntax systems, as well as their acquisitions? What are the differences in acquisition of the first and second languages? Which mechanisms of cognition are involved in reading and writing? Are different writing systems affect relations between language and cognition? Are there differences in language-cognition interactions among different language groups (such as Indo-European, Chinese, Japanese, Semitic) and types (different degrees of analytic-isolating, synthetic-inflected, fused, agglutinative features)? What can be learned from sign languages? Rizzolatti and Arbib have proposed that language evolved on top of earlier mirror-neuron mechanism. Can this proposal answer the unknown questions about language and cognition? Can it explain mechanisms of language-cognition interaction? How does it relate to known brain areas and their interactions identified in brain imaging? Emotional and conceptual contents of voice sounds in animals are fused. Evolution of human language has demanded splitting of emotional and conceptual contents and mechanisms, although language prosody still carries emotional content. Is it a dying-off remnant, or is it fundamental for interaction between language and cognition? If language and cognitive mechanisms differ, unifying these two contents requires motivation, hence emotions. What are these emotions? Can they be measured? Tonal languages use pitch contours for semantic contents, are there differences in language-cognition interaction among tonal and atonal languages? Are emotional differences among cultures exclusively cultural, or also depend on languages? Interaction of language and cognition is thus full of mysteries, and we encourage papers addressing any aspect of this topic.
Download or read book Lines of Thought written by Lance J. Rips and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2011 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How can we think about maths, despite the immateriality of numbers, sets, and other mathematical entities? How are we able to think about what might have happened if history had taken a different turn? Questions like these turn up in nearly every part of cognitive science and are central to our human position of having limited knowledge of what is true.
Book Synopsis Mappings in Thought and Language by : Gilles Fauconnier
Download or read book Mappings in Thought and Language written by Gilles Fauconnier and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1997-06-13 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Meaning in everyday thought and language is constructed at lightning speed. We are not conscious of the staggering complexity of the cognitive operations that drive our simplest behavior. This 1997 book examines a central component of meaning construction: the mappings that link mental spaces. A deep result of the research is that the same principles operate at the highest levels of scientific, artistic, and literary thought, and at the lower levels of elementary understanding and sentence meaning. Some key cognitive operations are analogical mappings, conceptual integration and blending, discourse management, induction and recursion. The analyses are based on a rich array of attested data in ordinary language, humor, action and design, science, and narratives. Phenomena that receive attention include counterfactuals; time, tense, and mood; opacity; metaphor; fictive motion; grammatical constructions; quantification over cognitive domains.
