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Cng And Diesel Transit Bus Emissions In Review
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Book Synopsis CNG and Diesel Transit Bus Emissions in Review by : R. Kobayashi
Download or read book CNG and Diesel Transit Bus Emissions in Review written by R. Kobayashi and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past three years, the California Air Resources Board (CARB), in collaboration with the University of California and other entities, has investigated the tailpipe emissions from three different latemodel, in-use heavy-duty transit buses in five different configurations. The study has focused on the measurement of regulated emissions (NOX, HC, CO, total PM), other gaseous emissions (CO2, NO2, CH4, NMHC), a number of pollutants of toxic risk significance (aromatics, carbonyls, PAHs, elements), composition (elemental and organic carbon), and the physical characterization (size-segregated number count and mass) of the particles in the exhaust aerosol. Emission samples are also tested in a modified Ames assay. The impact of oxidation catalyst control for both diesel and compressed natural gas (CNG) buses and a passive diesel particulate filter (DPF) were evaluated over multiple driving cycles (idle, 55 mph cruise, CBD, UDDS, NYBC) using a chassis dynamometer. For brevity, only CBD results are discussed in this paper and particle sizing results are omitted. The database of results is large and some findings have been reported already at various forums including last year's DEER conference. The goal of this paper is to offer an overview of the lessons learned and attempt to draw overall conclusions and interpretations based on key findings to date.
Book Synopsis Natural Gas and Diesel Transit Bus Emissions by : Society of Automotive Engineers
Download or read book Natural Gas and Diesel Transit Bus Emissions written by Society of Automotive Engineers and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Breathing Clean written by Masami Kojima and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because evidence that shows that diesel fumes are more toxic than was previously thought, there has been increased interest in the use of natural gas for vehicles operating in cities. Transit buses, traditionally fueled by diesel, are one of the cheapest forms of mass transit. They are also significant polluters and typically operate in heavily congested urban areas, where significant air pollution problems exist. The report provides an overview of the issues that must be considered when evaluating natural gas an alternative to diesel for use in transit buses.
Download or read book Hue que liang written by and published by . This book was released on 19?? with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Summary of CARB Diesel-CNG Transit Bus Emissions Project Phase 1A Panel Mode (single Diameter) SMPS Data by : Britt A. Holmén
Download or read book Summary of CARB Diesel-CNG Transit Bus Emissions Project Phase 1A Panel Mode (single Diameter) SMPS Data written by Britt A. Holmén and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Assessment of Hybrid-electric Transit Bus Technology by : Nigel N. Clark
Download or read book Assessment of Hybrid-electric Transit Bus Technology written by Nigel N. Clark and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2009 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TCRP Report 132: Assessment of Hybrid-Electric Transit Bus Technology provides decisionmaking guidelines coupled with a comprehensive life cycle cost model (LCCM) to assist transit managers in evaluating, selecting, and implementing hybrid-electric technology options for transit buses. The guidelines and the accompanying LCC model resulted from the gathering of site data coupled with a comprehensive review of both capital requirements and operating costs of hybrid-electric buses in comparison with those powered by traditional diesel engines. Information grew out of a sound, engineering-based, independent technical evaluation of the costs, performance, and reliability of hybrid-electric transit bus technology in actual service. The LCC model, contained on the accompanying CD-ROM (CRP-CD-71), allows the user to compare the total life cycle costs across several cost categories for up to 6 different "purchase scenarios." These scenarios let the user decide when the purchases will be made, the types of buses to be compared, the work load of the buses, and many other cost inputs in determining benefits and costs associated with alternative purchasing strategies.
Book Synopsis Summary of CARB Diesel-CNG Transit Bus Emissions Project Phase IA Panel Mode (single Diameter) SMPS Data by : Britt A. Holmén
Download or read book Summary of CARB Diesel-CNG Transit Bus Emissions Project Phase IA Panel Mode (single Diameter) SMPS Data written by Britt A. Holmén and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis COMPARISON OF CLEAN DIESEL BUSES TO CNG BUSES. by : C. Bush
Download or read book COMPARISON OF CLEAN DIESEL BUSES TO CNG BUSES. written by C. Bush and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using previously published data on regulated and unregulated emissions, this paper will compare the environmental performance of current generation transit buses operated on compressed natural gas (CNG) to current generation transit buses operated on ultra low sulfur diesel fuel (ULSD) and incorporating diesel particulate filters (DPF). Unregulated emissions evaluated include toxic compounds associated with adverse health effects (carbonyl, PAH, NPAH, benzene) as well as PM particle count and size distribution. For all regulated and unregulated emissions, both technologies are shown to be comparable. DPF equipped diesel buses and CNG buses have virtually identical levels of PM mass emissions and particle number emissions. DPF-equipped diesel buses have lower HC and CO emissions and lower emissions of toxic substances such as benzene, carbonyls and PAHs than CNG buses. CNG buses have lower NOx emissions than DPF-equipped buses, though CNG bus NOx emissions are shown to be much more variable. In addition, this paper will compare the capital and operating costs of CNG and DPF-equipped buses. The cost comparison is primarily based on the experience of MTA New York City Transit in operating CNG buses since 1995 and DPF-equipped buses fueled with ULSD since 2001. Published data on the experience of other large transit agencies in operating CNG buses is used to validate the NYCT experience. The incremental cost (compared to ''baseline'' diesel) of operating a typical 200-bus depot is shown to be six times higher for CNG buses than for ''clean diesel'' buses. The contributors to this increased cost for CNG buses are almost equally split between increased capital costs for purchase of buses and installation of fueling infrastructure, and increased operating costs for purchase of fuel, bus maintenance, and fuel station maintenance.
Book Synopsis Guidebook for Evaluating Fuel Choices for Post-2010 Transit Bus Procurements by :
Download or read book Guidebook for Evaluating Fuel Choices for Post-2010 Transit Bus Procurements written by and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2011 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TRB's Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) Report 146: Guidebook for Evaluating Fuel Choices for Post-2010 Transit Bus Procurements is designed to help those considering the deployment of, or conversion to, alternative fuel buses.
Book Synopsis Guidebook for Evaluating, Selecting, and Implementing Fuel Choices for Transit Bus Operations by : ARCADIS Geraghty & Miller, Inc
Download or read book Guidebook for Evaluating, Selecting, and Implementing Fuel Choices for Transit Bus Operations written by ARCADIS Geraghty & Miller, Inc and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 1998 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309496381 Total Pages :399 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Reducing Fuel Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles, Phase Two by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Reducing Fuel Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles, Phase Two written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-05-15 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Medium- and heavy-duty trucks, motor coaches, and transit buses - collectively, "medium- and heavy-duty vehicles", or MHDVs - are used in every sector of the economy. The fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions of MHDVs have become a focus of legislative and regulatory action in the past few years. This study is a follow-on to the National Research Council's 2010 report, Technologies and Approaches to Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium-and Heavy-Duty Vehicles. That report provided a series of findings and recommendations on the development of regulations for reducing fuel consumption of MHDVs. On September 15, 2011, NHTSA and EPA finalized joint Phase I rules to establish a comprehensive Heavy-Duty National Program to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and fuel consumption for on-road medium- and heavy-duty vehicles. As NHTSA and EPA began working on a second round of standards, the National Academies issued another report, Reducing the Fuel Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles, Phase Two: First Report, providing recommendations for the Phase II standards. This third and final report focuses on a possible third phase of regulations to be promulgated by these agencies in the next decade.
Book Synopsis Transportation and the Environment by : Gabriela Ionescu
Download or read book Transportation and the Environment written by Gabriela Ionescu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-03-03 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title includes a number of Open Access chapters. This new book takes a nuanced look at building a sustainable transportation infrastructure and provides an overview of the harmful effect of various modes of transportation on the environment. The environmental impact of transportation is significant. Transportation is a major user of energy, it burns most of the world's petroleum, and is the fastest-growing contributor to carbon dioxide emissions. Although environmental regulations in many countries have reduced the individual vehicle's emissions, this has been offset by an increase in vehicles on the road and airways.
Book Synopsis Prediction of Transit Bus Performance and Emissions with ADVISOR by : Jennifer Tang
Download or read book Prediction of Transit Bus Performance and Emissions with ADVISOR written by Jennifer Tang and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Diesel Vehicle Emissions and Urban Air Quality by : Quality of Urban Air Review Group
Download or read book Diesel Vehicle Emissions and Urban Air Quality written by Quality of Urban Air Review Group and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Improving Urban Environments by : Marco Ragazzi
Download or read book Improving Urban Environments written by Marco Ragazzi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-06-22 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title includes a number of Open Access chapters. Because cities are such complex systems, creating sustainable urban environments is a challenging goal. No single strategy-or even several strategies-will be enough to achieve tomorrow's healthy and sustainable cities. The challenges resist compartmentalization, because the factors intersect and
Book Synopsis Transient and Steady-state Ultrafine Particle Number Emissions of CNG, Diesel and TRAP-equipped Diesel Transit Buses by : Yingge Qu
Download or read book Transient and Steady-state Ultrafine Particle Number Emissions of CNG, Diesel and TRAP-equipped Diesel Transit Buses written by Yingge Qu and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Hidden Costs of Energy by : National Research Council
Download or read book Hidden Costs of Energy written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-05-26 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the many benefits of energy, most of which are reflected in energy market prices, the production, distribution, and use of energy causes negative effects. Many of these negative effects are not reflected in energy market prices. When market failures like this occur, there may be a case for government interventions in the form of regulations, taxes, fees, tradable permits, or other instruments that will motivate recognition of these external or hidden costs. The Hidden Costs of Energy defines and evaluates key external costs and benefits that are associated with the production, distribution, and use of energy, but are not reflected in market prices. The damage estimates presented are substantial and reflect damages from air pollution associated with electricity generation, motor vehicle transportation, and heat generation. The book also considers other effects not quantified in dollar amounts, such as damages from climate change, effects of some air pollutants such as mercury, and risks to national security. While not a comprehensive guide to policy, this analysis indicates that major initiatives to further reduce other emissions, improve energy efficiency, or shift to a cleaner electricity generating mix could substantially reduce the damages of external effects. A first step in minimizing the adverse consequences of new energy technologies is to better understand these external effects and damages. The Hidden Costs of Energy will therefore be a vital informational tool for government policy makers, scientists, and economists in even the earliest stages of research and development on energy technologies.
