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Characterization And Pyrolysis Of Oil Shale Samples
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Book Synopsis Characterization and Pyrolysis of Oil Shale Samples by : Onur Mustafaoglu
Download or read book Characterization and Pyrolysis of Oil Shale Samples written by Onur Mustafaoglu and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2009-11 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the effects of varying pyrolysis conditions on yield and composition of products from oil shales is important for process optimization. The principal objective of this study was to investigate how heating rate, final heat treatment temperature and holding time at final temperature affect the yield and composition of pyrolysis products. A full range of analyses had been run in order to characterize oil shale samples and identify effects of process conditions. A preliminary computed tomography (CT) scan analysis had been peformed for the first time in the literature and kerogen in the shale matrix was successfully located . The CT scanning of the a sample before and after pyrolysis showed changes in the distribution of kerogen in the shale matrix, indicating the great potential of this technique for monitoring liquid evolution in ex-situ and in-situ pyrolysis experiments in the laboratory. This information will be very useful particularly for designing in-situ pyrolysis processes for commercial production of shale oil.
Book Synopsis Rates and Mechanisms of Oil Shale Pyrolysis by :
Download or read book Rates and Mechanisms of Oil Shale Pyrolysis written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three pristine Utah Green River oil shale samples were obtained and used for analysis by the combined research groups at the University of Utah and Brigham Young University. Oil shale samples were first demineralized and the separated kerogen and extracted bitumen samples were then studied by a host of techniques including high resolution liquid-state carbon-13 NMR, solid-state magic angle sample spinning 13C NMR, GC/MS, FTIR, and pyrolysis. Bitumen was extracted from the shale using methanol/dichloromethane and analyzed using high resolution 13C NMR liquid state spectroscopy, showing carbon aromaticities of 7 to 11%. The three parent shales and the demineralized kerogens were each analyzed with solid-state 13C NMR spectroscopy. Carbon aromaticity of the kerogen was 23-24%, with 10-12 aromatic carbons per cluster. Crushed samples of Green River oil shale and its kerogen extract were pyrolyzed at heating rates from 1 to 10 K/min at pressures of 1 and 40 bar and temperatures up to 1000°C. The transient pyrolysis data were fit with a first-order model and a Distributed Activation Energy Model (DAEM). The demineralized kerogen was pyrolyzed at 10 K/min in nitrogen at atmospheric pressure at temperatures up to 525°C, and the pyrolysis products (light gas, tar, and char) were analyzed using 13C NMR, GC/MS, and FTIR. Details of the kerogen pyrolysis have been modeled by a modified version of the chemical percolation devolatilization (CPD) model that has been widely used to model coal combustion/pyrolysis. This refined CPD model has been successful in predicting the char, tar, and gas yields of the three shale samples during pyrolysis. This set of experiments and associated modeling represents the most sophisticated and complete analysis available for a given set of oil shale samples.
Book Synopsis Characterization of Oil Shale and Its Pyrolysis Products Using Vapor Phase Analytical Methodology by : Helena Marie Hackett
Download or read book Characterization of Oil Shale and Its Pyrolysis Products Using Vapor Phase Analytical Methodology written by Helena Marie Hackett and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Fine Scale Characterization of Shale Reservoirs by : Mehdi Ostadhassan
Download or read book Fine Scale Characterization of Shale Reservoirs written by Mehdi Ostadhassan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-03-24 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes the authors' extensive experience and interdisciplinary approach to demonstrate how acquiring and integrating data using a variety of analytical equipment can provide better insights into unconventional shale reservoir rocks and their constituent components. It focuses on a wide range of properties of unconventional shale reservoirs, discussing the use of conventional and new analytical methods for detailed measurements of mechanical properties of both organic and inorganic constituent elements as well as of the geochemical characteristics of organic components and their origins. It also addresses the investigation of porosity, pore size and type from several perspectives to help us to define unconventional shale formation. All of these analyses are treated individually, but brought together to present the rock sample on a macro scale. This book is of interest to researchers and graduate students from various disciplines, such as petroleum, civil, and mechanical engineering, as well as from geoscience, geology, geochemistry and geophysics. The methods and approaches can be further extended to biology and medicine.
Book Synopsis Oil Shale Technology by : Sunggyu Lee
Download or read book Oil Shale Technology written by Sunggyu Lee and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1990-12-11 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the fundamental and engineering aspects of shale oil extraction, as well as the mathematical clarification of the complex transport mechanisms involved in oil shale pyrolysis. The influence of the chemical and physical environment on the enhancement of oil yield is explained, and ex situ and in situ technologies are reviewed and compared. The discussion on ex situ shale oil extraction includes both thermal and chemical extraction techniques such as retorting, solvent, and supercritical extraction. Parallels are drawn between the processes available for recovering and using other fossil fuel sources, such as coal and tar sands, and oil shale. In addition to covering the characteristics of oil shale, Oil Shale Technology summarizes the physical and chemical properties of shale oil obtained from various deposits around the world. The influence of the retorting process on the properties of the resulting oil shale is discussed, as are standardized techniques for determining these properties. Engineers, geologists, chemists, chemical engineers, and other researchers in the petroleum and chemical industries should consider this book an important reference resource.
Book Synopsis Characterization of the Oil Phase Produced by Pyrolysis Process of Oil Shale in the Southern Shefelah of Israel by : Osnat Zwick
Download or read book Characterization of the Oil Phase Produced by Pyrolysis Process of Oil Shale in the Southern Shefelah of Israel written by Osnat Zwick and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Multi-scale Multi-dimensional Imaging and Characterization of Oil Shale Pyrolysis by : Tarik Saif
Download or read book Multi-scale Multi-dimensional Imaging and Characterization of Oil Shale Pyrolysis written by Tarik Saif and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Pyrolysis and Hydropyrolysis of Kentucky Oil Shale with Product Oil Characterization by : Jeff A. Manley
Download or read book Pyrolysis and Hydropyrolysis of Kentucky Oil Shale with Product Oil Characterization written by Jeff A. Manley and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pyrolysis and Hydropyrolysis of Kentucky oil shale using super-critical toluene as the solvent was studied in a 300 c.c. stirred batch reactor. Organic carbon conversions in excess of 160% Fischer Assay were obtained in less than 30 minutes for those reactions occurring above 400 C with hydrogen atmospheres. It was found that the overall conversion of organic compound to oil and gas products could be adequately modeled using a second order irreversible rate expression. Reactions occurring at 460 C and 300 psig hydrogen partial pressure could be considered instantaneous, yielding organic carbon conversions of 185% Fischer Assay. The effects of hydrogen partial pressure was found to be significant for reactions occurring above 400 degrees C. The selectivity for total carbon conversion to oil was shown to be high, however this value was dependent on the reaction temperature and reaction time. A characterization comparison between a pyrolysis oil produced by Dravo Engineers, Inc. and the oil produced from a run performed at 440 C for 10 minutes demonstrated that the oils were remarkably similar in their chemical make-up.
Book Synopsis Pyrolysis and Hydropyrolysis of Four Australian Oil Shales by : Wen-Chia Chen
Download or read book Pyrolysis and Hydropyrolysis of Four Australian Oil Shales written by Wen-Chia Chen and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Pore Scale Analysis of Oil Shale/Sands Pyrolysis by :
Download or read book Pore Scale Analysis of Oil Shale/Sands Pyrolysis written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are important questions concerning the quality and volume of pore space that is created when oil shale is pyrolyzed for the purpose of producing shale oil. In this report, 1.9 cm diameter cores of Mahogany oil shale were pyrolyzed at different temperatures and heating rates. Detailed 3D imaging of core samples was done using multiscale X-ray computed tomography (CT) before and after pyrolysis to establish the pore structure. The pore structure of the unreacted material was not clear. Selected images of a core pyrolyzed at 400oC were obtained at voxel resolutions from 39 microns ([Omicron]m) to 60 nanometers (nm). Some of the pore space created during pyrolysis was clearly visible at these resolutions and it was possible to distinguish between the reaction products and the host shale rock. The pore structure deduced from the images was used in Lattice Boltzmann simulations to calculate the permeability in the pore space. The permeabilities of the pyrolyzed samples of the silicate-rich zone were on the order of millidarcies, while the permeabilities of the kerogen-rich zone after pyrolysis were very anisotropic and about four orders of magnitude higher.
Download or read book Utah Oil Shale written by Jennifer Spinti and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-08-05 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes full-color isopach and richness maps for each organic-rich and organic-lean oil shale interval within the upper Green River Formation. Offers computational exploration of trade-offs in drilling and heating options on the net energy return for oil produced from an in situ process. Analyzes costs and emissions associated with in situ production of oil shale. Discusses legal and policy issues for a nascent oil shale industry.
Book Synopsis Characterization of the Gas Phase Produced in the Pyrolysis Process of the Oil Shale in the Southern Shfela Basin, Israel by : Irit Gekker
Download or read book Characterization of the Gas Phase Produced in the Pyrolysis Process of the Oil Shale in the Southern Shfela Basin, Israel written by Irit Gekker and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Application of Flash Hydropyrolysis to Kentucky Oil Shale by : Darrell Neal Taulbee
Download or read book Application of Flash Hydropyrolysis to Kentucky Oil Shale written by Darrell Neal Taulbee and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Thermal Methods in Petroleum Analysis by : Heinz Kopsch
Download or read book Thermal Methods in Petroleum Analysis written by Heinz Kopsch and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-07-11 with total page 527 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This exceptional book reveals the results of twelve years of extensive thermoanalytical investigations into petroleum and its products with the aid of 236 tables, 284 diagrams and 159 references. Firstly, the methods employed in obtaining thermoanalytic data, in particular thermogravimetry, differential thermal analysis and differential scanning calorimetry, are presented, and the underpinning theory described. Next, the data obtained from model substances, i.e. pure hydrocarbons, is displayed; it is then explained how multicomponent hydrocarbon systems may be characterized by comparison of their data with this. Research into petroleum and its products using these methods is outlined. The reactions central to various refinery processes, tertiary oil recovery, lubricant stability testing and oil shale retorting, to name but a few examples, are investigated as are relevant pyrolysis and oxidation reactions. Finally, readers are brought up-to-date with recent developments in instrumentation, are recommended hardware and software and are provided with a list of suppliers. Scientists, engineers and technicians working on research, product characterization, process development or quality control in the oil recovery, oil refining, petrochemical, lubricant and asphalt industries will find the advice and information in this book to be of great value.
Book Synopsis Mass Spectrometric Characterization of Shale Oils by : Thomas Aczel
Download or read book Mass Spectrometric Characterization of Shale Oils written by Thomas Aczel and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1986 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Characterization of Airborne Particulates from Western Colorado Oil Shale Lands by Pyrolysis Mass Spectrometry by : Michael J. Malley
Download or read book Characterization of Airborne Particulates from Western Colorado Oil Shale Lands by Pyrolysis Mass Spectrometry written by Michael J. Malley and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Pyrolysis Mass Spectrometry and Multivariate Analysis of Several Key World Oil Shale Kerogens and Some Recent Alginites by : HLC Meuzelaar
Download or read book Pyrolysis Mass Spectrometry and Multivariate Analysis of Several Key World Oil Shale Kerogens and Some Recent Alginites written by HLC Meuzelaar and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To demonstrate the potential of modern pyrolysis/mass spectrometry (Py-MS) for rapid characterization of oil shale kerogens and alginites of different geological and depositional origin, four key world oil shale kerogens and three alginites were analyzed by Curie-point Py-MS in combination with multivariate analysis methods such as factor and discriminant analysis.
