Changing Wage Structure And Black White Differentials Among Men And Women

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Changing Wage Structure and Black-White Differentials Among Men and Women

Author : Thomas Lemieux
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (874 download)

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Book Synopsis Changing Wage Structure and Black-White Differentials Among Men and Women by : Thomas Lemieux

Download or read book Changing Wage Structure and Black-White Differentials Among Men and Women written by Thomas Lemieux and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite several decades of research there is still widespread disagreement over the interpretation of the wage differences between black and white workers. Do the differences reflect productivity differences, discrimination, or both? If lower black earnings reflect a productivity difference, then an economy-wide increase in the relative wages of more highly-skilled workers should lead to a parallel increase in the black-white earnings gap. We evaluate this hypothesis using longitudinal data for men and women from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics. Our findings suggest that returns to observed and unobserved skills of male workers rose by 5-10 percent between 1979 and 1985. For female workers, the return to observed skills was relatively constant while the return to unobserved skills increased by 15 percent. The evidence that black-white wage differentials rise with the return to skill is mixed. Among female workers the black-white wage gap widened in the early 1980s -- consistent with the premise that racial wage differences reflect a productivity difference. For men in our sample the black-white wage gap declined between 1979 and 1985 -- a change that is inconsistent with the rise in the return for skills

Changing Wage Structure and Black-white Wage Differentials Among Men and Women

Author : David Card
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 19 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (36 download)

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Book Synopsis Changing Wage Structure and Black-white Wage Differentials Among Men and Women by : David Card

Download or read book Changing Wage Structure and Black-white Wage Differentials Among Men and Women written by David Card and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Changing wage structure and black-white wage differential among men and women

Author : National Bureau of Economic Research
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Changing wage structure and black-white wage differential among men and women by : National Bureau of Economic Research

Download or read book Changing wage structure and black-white wage differential among men and women written by National Bureau of Economic Research and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Changing Wage Structure and Black-white Wage Differentials

Author : David Edward Card
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 30 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Changing Wage Structure and Black-white Wage Differentials by : David Edward Card

Download or read book Changing Wage Structure and Black-white Wage Differentials written by David Edward Card and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Changing Wage Structure and Black-white Wage Differentials

Author : David Edward Card
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 5 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (221 download)

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Book Synopsis Changing Wage Structure and Black-white Wage Differentials by : David Edward Card

Download or read book Changing Wage Structure and Black-white Wage Differentials written by David Edward Card and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Race and Gender Pay Differentials

Author : Francine D. Blau
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 39 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (264 download)

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Book Synopsis Race and Gender Pay Differentials by : Francine D. Blau

Download or read book Race and Gender Pay Differentials written by Francine D. Blau and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper we review research findings from the 1980s and early 1990s on race and gender pay gaps. In addition. we present some evidence from the Current Population Surveys (1972, 1982 and 1989) regarding the impact of shifts in the industrial composition of employment and in interindustry wage differentials on these gaps. The gender gap in pay was stable in the 1970s but fell steadily in the 1980s; the opposite patterns were observed for black-white wage differentials--a trend towards convergence in the 1970s and stability in the 1980s. Understanding these new trends comprised the unifying theme of our review. Existing studies suggest that changes in wage structure. changing relative skill levels by race and sex. and. possibly. changes in the implementation of government policies all played a role in producing the observed outcomes. although impacts were sometimes countervailing. Our own results indicate that total industry effects (representation plus coefficient effects) had little impact on the male-female pay gap during the 1970s. but accounted for a small portion of the closing of the male-female pay gap for both blacks and for whites in the 1980s. In contrast, we found no evidence that total industry effects contributed to black-white wage trends in either period.

America Becoming

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309172489
Total Pages : 523 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis America Becoming by : National Research Council

Download or read book America Becoming written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-01-25 with total page 523 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 20th Century has been marked by enormous change in terms of how we define race. In large part, we have thrown out the antiquated notions of the 1800s, giving way to a more realistic, sociocultural view of the world. The United States is, perhaps more than any other industrialized country, distinguished by the size and diversity of its racial and ethnic minority populations. Current trends promise that these features will endure. Fifty years from now, there will most likely be no single majority group in the United States. How will we fare as a nation when race-based issues such as immigration, job opportunities, and affirmative action are already so contentious today? In America Becoming, leading scholars and commentators explore past and current trends among African Americans, Hispanics, Asian Americans, and Native Americans in the context of a white majority. This volume presents the most up-to-date findings and analysis on racial and social dynamics, with recommendations for ongoing research. It examines compelling issues in the field of race relations, including: Race and ethnicity in criminal justice. Demographic and social trends for Hispanics, Asian Americans, and Native Americans. Trends in minority-owned businesses. Wealth, welfare, and racial stratification. Residential segregation and the meaning of "neighborhood." Disparities in educational test scores among races and ethnicities. Health and development for minority children, adolescents, and adults. Race and ethnicity in the labor market, including the role of minorities in America's military. Immigration and the dynamics of race and ethnicity. The changing meaning of race. Changing racial attitudes. This collection of papers, compiled and edited by distinguished leaders in the behavioral and social sciences, represents the most current literature in the field. Volume 1 covers demographic trends, immigration, racial attitudes, and the geography of opportunity. Volume 2 deals with the criminal justice system, the labor market, welfare, and health trends, Both books will be of great interest to educators, scholars, researchers, students, social scientists, and policymakers.

Wage Dispersion, Returns to Skill, and Black-white Wage Differentials

Author : David Edward Card
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 50 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (256 download)

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Book Synopsis Wage Dispersion, Returns to Skill, and Black-white Wage Differentials by : David Edward Card

Download or read book Wage Dispersion, Returns to Skill, and Black-white Wage Differentials written by David Edward Card and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the 1980s wage differentials between younger and older workers and between more and less educated workers expanded rapidly. Wage dispersion among individuals with the same age and education also rose. A simple explanation for both sets of facts is that earnings represent a return to a one-dimensional index of skill, and that the rate of return to skill rose over the decade. We explore a simple method for estimating and testing 'single index' models of wages. Our approach integrates 3 dimensions of skill: age, education, and unobserved ability. We find that a one-dimensional skill model gives a relatively successful account of changes in the structure of wages for white men and women between 1979 and 1989. We then use the estimated models for whites to analyze recent changes in the relative wages of black men and women.

Differences and Changes in Wage Structures

Author : Richard B. Freeman
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226261840
Total Pages : 474 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (262 download)

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Book Synopsis Differences and Changes in Wage Structures by : Richard B. Freeman

Download or read book Differences and Changes in Wage Structures written by Richard B. Freeman and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2007-12-01 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past two decades, wages of skilled workers in the United States rose while those of unskilled workers fell; less-educated young men in particular have suffered unprecedented losses in real earnings. These twelve original essays explore whether this trend is unique to the United States or is part of a general growth in inequality in advanced countries. Focusing on labor market institutions and the supply and demand forces that affect wages, the papers compare patterns of earnings inequality and pay differentials in the United States, Australia, Korea, Japan, Western Europe, and the changing economies of Eastern Europe. Cross-country studies examine issues such as managerial compensation, gender differences in earnings, and the relationship of pay to regional unemployment. From this rich store of data, the contributors attribute changes in relative wages and unemployment among countries both to differences in labor market institutions and training and education systems, and to long-term shifts in supply and demand for skilled workers. These shifts are driven in part by skill-biased technological change and the growing internationalization of advanced industrial economies.

Earnings Differences Between Women and Men

Author : United States. Women's Bureau
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 12 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Earnings Differences Between Women and Men by : United States. Women's Bureau

Download or read book Earnings Differences Between Women and Men written by United States. Women's Bureau and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Bridge Over the Racial Divide

Author : William J. Wilson
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520222261
Total Pages : 175 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (22 download)

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Book Synopsis The Bridge Over the Racial Divide by : William J. Wilson

Download or read book The Bridge Over the Racial Divide written by William J. Wilson and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies the rising inequality in American society and addresses the need for a progressive, multiracial political coalition to combat that inequality.

Explaining Black-white Wage Convergence, 1940-1950

Author : Robert Andrew Margo
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 42 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (321 download)

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Book Synopsis Explaining Black-white Wage Convergence, 1940-1950 by : Robert Andrew Margo

Download or read book Explaining Black-white Wage Convergence, 1940-1950 written by Robert Andrew Margo and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The "Great Compression" of the 1940s produced a substantial narrowing in wage differentials in the United States. This paper examines the role of the Great Compression in fostering black-white wage convergence in the 1940s. Using data from the 1940 and 1950 census public use samples, I show that between half and two-thirds of black white wage convergence at the sample means can be attributed to shifts in wage structure associated with the Great Compression. I also demonstrate that, by (temporarily) boosting the incomes of black parents. the Great Compression led to greater increases in schooling levels among black teens between 1940 and 1950 than would have occurred otherwise.

Monthly Labor Review

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 728 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis Monthly Labor Review by :

Download or read book Monthly Labor Review written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publishes in-depth articles on labor subjects, current labor statistics, information about current labor contracts, and book reviews.

The Declining Importance of Race and Gender in the Labor Market

Author : June O'Neill
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 0844772445
Total Pages : 314 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (447 download)

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Book Synopsis The Declining Importance of Race and Gender in the Labor Market by : June O'Neill

Download or read book The Declining Importance of Race and Gender in the Labor Market written by June O'Neill and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2012 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Declining Importance of Race and Gender in the Labor Market provides historical background on employment discrimination and wage discrepancies in the United States and on government efforts to address employment discrimination. It examines the two federal institutions tasked with enforcing Title VII and the 1964 Civil Rights Act: the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) and the Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs (OFCCP). It also provides a quantitative analysis of racial and gender wage gaps and seeks to determine what role, if any, the EEOC and the OFCCP had in narrowing these gaps over time and analyzes the data to determine the extent of employment discrimination today.

The Measured Black-white Wage Gap Among Women is Too Small

Author : Derek A. Neal
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (249 download)

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Book Synopsis The Measured Black-white Wage Gap Among Women is Too Small by : Derek A. Neal

Download or read book The Measured Black-white Wage Gap Among Women is Too Small written by Derek A. Neal and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Taken as a whole, the literature on black-white wage inequality suggests that racial gaps in potential wages are much larger among men than women, and further that one can accurately assess black-white gaps in potential wages among women without accounting for black-white differences in patterns of female labor supply. This paper challenges both pieces of this conventional wisdom. I provide several estimates of the black-white gap in potential wages for the year 1990 using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY), a panel data set that includes persons born between 1957 and 1964. I exploit data on wages and income sources for years before and after 1990 to develop imputation methods that allow me to adjust measures of the black-white wage gap among women for racial differences in selection patterns. Among young adult employed women in 1990, the Census, Current Population Surveys, and NLSY data yield median log wage gaps of -.11, -16, and -.18 respectively. Based on several different imputation procedures, I estimate that the median black-white gap in log potential wages among women in the NLSY is approximately -.25

Why are Racial and Ethnic Wage Gaps Larger for Men Than for Women?

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 22 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (413 download)

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Book Synopsis Why are Racial and Ethnic Wage Gaps Larger for Men Than for Women? by :

Download or read book Why are Racial and Ethnic Wage Gaps Larger for Men Than for Women? written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Communities in Action

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309452961
Total Pages : 583 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Communities in Action by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Communities in Action written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.