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Changes In Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Trmm Retrievals Due To The Orbit Boost Estimated From Rain Gauge Data
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Book Synopsis Changes in Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Retrievals Due to the Orbit Boost Estimated from Rain Gauge Data by : Jeremy DeMoss
Download or read book Changes in Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Retrievals Due to the Orbit Boost Estimated from Rain Gauge Data written by Jeremy DeMoss and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the first three-and-a-half years of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM), the TRMM satellite operated at a nominal altitude of 350 km. To reduce drag, save maneuvering fuel, and prolong the mission lifetime, the orbit was boosted to 403 km in August 2001. The change in orbit altitude produced small changes in a wide range of observing parameters, including field-of-view size and viewing angles. Due to natural climatic variability, it is not possible to evaluate possible changes in precipitation retrievals from the satellite data alone. We estimate changes in TRMM Microwave Imager (TMI) and the Precipitation Radar (PR) precipitation retrievals due to the orbit boost by comparing them with surface rain gauges on ocean buoys operated by the NOAA Pacific Marine Environment Laboratory (PMEL). For each rain gauge, we compute the bias between the satellite and the gauge for pre- and post-boost time periods. For the TMI, the satellite is biased ~12% low relative to the gauges during the pre-boost period and ~1.5% low during the post-boost period. The mean change in bias relative to the gauges is approximately 0.4 mm day−1. The PR is biased significantly low relative to the gauges during both boost periods. The change in bias is rain rate dependent, with larger changes in areas with higher mean precipitation rates.
Book Synopsis Report of the Science Steering Group for a Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) by : Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission. Science Steering Group
Download or read book Report of the Science Steering Group for a Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) written by Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission. Science Steering Group and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM), a satellite program now being studied jointly by the United States and Japan, would carry out the systematic study of tropical rainfall required for major strides in weather and climate research ... This report presents the scientific justification for TRMM and outlines the implementation process for the scientific community."--Preface.
Book Synopsis Assessment of the Benefits of Extending the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission by : National Research Council
Download or read book Assessment of the Benefits of Extending the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-09-22 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Launched jointly in 1997 by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) is a satellite mission that placed a unique suite of instruments, including the first precipitation radar, in space. These instruments are used to monitor and predict tropical cyclone tracks and intensity, estimate rainfall, and monitor climate variability (precipitation and sea surface temperature). TRMM has been collecting data for seven years; this data is used by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center, the National Center for Environmental Prediction, and the National Hurricane Center, among others worldwide. In July 2004, NASA announced that it would terminate TRMM in August 2004. At the request of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the White House, and the science community, NASA agreed to continue TRMM operations through the end of 2004. Meanwhile, NASA asked a National Research Council (NRC) committee to provide advice on the benefits of keeping TRMM in operation beyond 2004. After holding a workshop with a number of experts in the field, the committee found that TRMM will contribute significantly to operations and science if the mission is extended; and therefore, strongly recommends continued operation of TRMM with the caveat that cost and risk will need to be further examined before a final decision about the future of TRMM can be made.
Book Synopsis Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Office by :
Download or read book Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Office written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book TRMM written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :Committee on the Future of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Publisher : ISBN 13 :9780309385497 Total Pages :116 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (854 download)
Book Synopsis Assessment of the Benefits of Extending the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission by : Committee on the Future of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission
Download or read book Assessment of the Benefits of Extending the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission written by Committee on the Future of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission and published by . This book was released on 2006-08-22 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Launched jointly in 1997 by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) is a satellite mission that placed a unique suite of instruments, including the first precipitation radar, in space. These instruments are used to monitor and predict tropical cyclone tracks and intensity, estimate rainfall, and monitor climate variability (precipitation and sea surface temperature). TRMM has been collecting data for seven years; this data is used by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center, the National Center for Environmental Prediction, and the National Hurricane Center, among others worldwide. In July 2004, NASA announced that it would terminate TRMM in August 2004. At the request of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the White House, and the science community, NASA agreed to continue TRMM operations through the end of 2004. Meanwhile, NASA asked a National Research Council (NRC) committee to provide advice on the benefits of keeping TRMM in operation beyond 2004. After holding a workshop with a number of experts in the field, the committee found that TRMM will contribute significantly to operations and science if the mission is extended; and therefore, strongly recommends continued operation of TRMM with the caveat that cost and risk will need to be further examined before a final decision about the future of TRMM can be made.
Book Synopsis NOAA's Role in Space-Based Global Precipitation Estimation and Application by : National Research Council
Download or read book NOAA's Role in Space-Based Global Precipitation Estimation and Application written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-03-13 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) uses precipitation data in many applications including hurricane forecasting. Currently, NOAA uses data collected from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite that was launched in 1997 by NASA in cooperation with the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency. NASA is now making plans to launch the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission in 2013 to succeed TRMM, which was originally intended as a 3 to 5 year mission but has enough fuel to orbit until 2012. The GPM mission consists of a "core" research satellite flying with other "constellation" satellites to provide global precipitation data products at three-hour intervals. This book is the second in a 2-part series from the National Research Council on the future of rainfall measuring missions. The book recommends that NOAA begin its GPM mission preparations as soon as possible and that NOAA develop a strategic plan for the mission using TRMM experience as a guide. The first book in the series, Assessment of the Benefits of Extending the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (December 2004), recommended that the TRMM mission be extended as long as possible because of the quality, uniqueness, and many uses of its data. NASA has officially extended the TRMM mission until 2009.
Book Synopsis Climate Change in North America by : George Ohring
Download or read book Climate Change in North America written by George Ohring and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-02-12 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes thoroughly the North American Climate of the past 65 million years, with special emphasis on the last 21,000 years, as revealed by paleoclimatic observations and climate models. It analyzes weather observations over the past century and satellite measurements of the last few decades to develop a picture of more recent climatic trends. It explains how global climate models are used to simulate and project climate, and presents the application of these models to reproduce recent climate variations and predict future North American climate. It answers the critical question of whether observed climate change is due to natural variations or human activity.
Book Synopsis Comparing TRMM Rainfall Retrieval with NOAA Buoy Rain Gauge Data by : Amy Blackmore Phillips
Download or read book Comparing TRMM Rainfall Retrieval with NOAA Buoy Rain Gauge Data written by Amy Blackmore Phillips and published by . This book was released on 2002-12-01 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study compares rain rate measurements from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite to rain rate measurements from rain gauges on open-ocean buoys. The rain gauges are part of the instrument package on the Next Generation Autonomous Temperature Line Acquisition System (ATLAS) buoys in the Tropical Atmosphere-Ocean/Triangle Trans-Ocean Buoy Network (TAO/TRITON) array in the tropical Pacific. The rain rate data from TRMM and 25 buoys are collected from January of 1998 to December of 2001. TRMM's 3G68 product provides instantaneous rain rate data averaged over 0.50 x 0.50 latitude-longitude grid boxes for the TRMM Microwave Imager (TMI), Precipitation Radar (PR), and a combined algorithm (COMB). The buoy's rain rate data are averaged over and reported in 10-minute intervals. Buoy data are compared to 1.00 x 1.00 TRMM area-averaged values centered on each of the 25 buoy locations. The 1.00 x 1.00 boxes are composed of four 0.50 x 0.50 3G68 grid boxes.
Book Synopsis Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Science by :
Download or read book Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Science written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781722848675 Total Pages :92 pages Book Rating :4.8/5 (486 download)
Book Synopsis Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (Trmm). Phase B by : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Download or read book Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (Trmm). Phase B written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-07-17 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Aeronautics and Aerospace Administration (NASA) and the National Space Development Agency of Japan (NASDA) initiated the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) to obtain more accurate measurements of tropical rainfall then ever before. The measurements are to improve scientific understanding and knowledge of the mechanisms effecting the intra-annual and interannual variability of the Earth's climate. The TRMM is largely dependent upon the handling and processing of the data by the TRMM Ground System supporting the mission. The objective of the TRMM is to obtain three years of climatological determinations of rainfall in the tropics, culminating in data sets of 30-day average rainfall over 5-degree square areas, and associated estimates of vertical distribution of latent heat release. The scope of this study is limited to the functions performed by TRMM Data Capture Facility (TDCF). These functions include capturing the TRMM spacecraft return link data stream; processing the data in the real-time, quick-look, and routine production modes, as appropriate; and distributing real time, quick-look, and production data products to users. The following topics are addressed: (1) TRMM end-to-end system description; (2) TRMM mission operations concept; (3) baseline requirements; (4) assumptions related to mission requirements; (5) external interface; (6) TDCF architecture and design options; (7) critical issues and tradeoffs; and (8) recommendation for the final TDCF selection process. Unspecified Center...
Download or read book Master's Theses Directories written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Education, arts and social sciences, natural and technical sciences in the United States and Canada".
Book Synopsis A Method to Retrieve Rainfall Rate Over Land from Trmm Microwave Imager Observations by : C. Prabhakara
Download or read book A Method to Retrieve Rainfall Rate Over Land from Trmm Microwave Imager Observations written by C. Prabhakara and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-07 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over tropical land regions, rain rate maxima in mesoscale convective systems revealed by the Precipitation Radar (PR) flown on the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite are found to correspond to thunderstorms, i.e., Cbs. These Cbs are reflected as minima in the 85 GHz brightness temperature, T85, observed by the TRMM Microwave Imager (TMI) radiometer. Because the magnitude of TMI observations do not discriminate satisfactorily convective and stratiform rain, we developed here a different TMI discrimination method. In this method, two types of Cbs, strong and weak, are inferred from the Laplacian of T85 at minima. Then, to retrieve rain rate, where T85 is less than 270 K, a weak (background) rain rate is deduced using T85 observations. Furthermore, over a circular area of 10 km radius centered at the location of each T85 minimum, an additional Cb component of rain rate is added to the background rain rate. This Cb component of rain rate is estimated with the help of (T19-T37) and T85 observations. Initially, our algorithm is calibrated with the PR rain rate measurements from 20 MCS rain events. After calibration, this method is applied to TMI data taken from several tropical land regions. With the help of the PR observations, we show that the spatial distribution and intensity of rain rate over land estimated from our algorithm are better than those given by the current TMI-Version-5 Algorithm. For this reason, our algorithm may be used to improve the current state of rain retrievals on land.
Book Synopsis Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) for the Earth Observing System by : Hugh J. Christian
Download or read book Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) for the Earth Observing System written by Hugh J. Christian and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission by :
Download or read book Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book TAO written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Comprehensive Remote Sensing by : Shunlin Liang
Download or read book Comprehensive Remote Sensing written by Shunlin Liang and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-11-08 with total page 3183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive Remote Sensing, Nine Volume Set covers all aspects of the topic, with each volume edited by well-known scientists and contributed to by frontier researchers. It is a comprehensive resource that will benefit both students and researchers who want to further their understanding in this discipline. The field of remote sensing has quadrupled in size in the past two decades, and increasingly draws in individuals working in a diverse set of disciplines ranging from geographers, oceanographers, and meteorologists, to physicists and computer scientists. Researchers from a variety of backgrounds are now accessing remote sensing data, creating an urgent need for a one-stop reference work that can comprehensively document the development of remote sensing, from the basic principles, modeling and practical algorithms, to various applications. Fully comprehensive coverage of this rapidly growing discipline, giving readers a detailed overview of all aspects of Remote Sensing principles and applications Contains ‘Layered content’, with each article beginning with the basics and then moving on to more complex concepts Ideal for advanced undergraduates and academic researchers Includes case studies that illustrate the practical application of remote sensing principles, further enhancing understanding
