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Changes In Job Tenure And Job Stability In Canada
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Book Synopsis Changes in Job Tenure and Job Stability in Canada by : Andrew Heisz
Download or read book Changes in Job Tenure and Job Stability in Canada written by Andrew Heisz and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using monthly data from the Canadian Labor Force Survey, the author investigates changes in the complete lengths of new job spells from 1981 through 1994. While the average complete length of new jobs did not increase or decrease over the period, changes in the distribution of complete job lengths suggest that there is an increase in the proportion of short-term jobs and a decrease in the proportion of medium-term jobs created over the period. The proportion of long-term jobs remained unchanged. This pattern of change was found among virtually all demographic subgroups examined suggesting that an economy-wide (rather than a sectoral or demographic) explanation must be sought.
Book Synopsis Changes in Job Tenure and Job Stability in Canada [electronic Resource] by : Heisz, Andrew
Download or read book Changes in Job Tenure and Job Stability in Canada [electronic Resource] written by Heisz, Andrew and published by Statistics Canada, Analytical Studies Branch. This book was released on 1996 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using monthly data from the Canadian Labour Force Survey the author investigates changes in the complete lengths of new job spells from 1981 through 1994. While the average complete length of new jobs did not increase or decrease over the period, changes in the distribution of complete job lengths suggest that there is an increase in the proportion of short-term jobs and a decrease in the proportion of medium-term jobs created over the period. The proportion of long-term jobs remained unchanged. This pattern of change was found among virtually all demographic subgroups examined suggesting that an economy wide (rather than a sectoral or demographic) explanation must be sought.
Book Synopsis The Evolution of Job Stability in Canada : Trends and Comparisons to U.S. Results by : Heisz, Andrew
Download or read book The Evolution of Job Stability in Canada : Trends and Comparisons to U.S. Results written by Heisz, Andrew and published by Analytical Studies Branch, Statistics Canada. This book was released on 2002 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Job Stability in Canada and the United States by : W. G. Picot
Download or read book Job Stability in Canada and the United States written by W. G. Picot and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines whether there has been increasing job instability, which can be manifested either in an increase in the risk of permanent layoffs or as a decrease in job tenure. For Canada, one study found that the share of permanent layoffs in all layoffs rose only marginally during the 1990s recession, and a second noted that the probability of a worker being permanently laid off had not increased in the early 1990s. Other studies found no change in average job tenure but new jobs have become increasingly polarized into short-term and long-term ones. While permanent layoffs continued to be lower in the services sector than the goods sector, recent evidence shows that the relative layoff rate is rising marginally in parts of the services sector. For the U.S., the results are similar. Job tenure has been fairly stable over the past two decades. It had been hypothesized that the frequency of displacement increased between the '80s and the '90s but the data do not show this. The underlying data are described and two data gaps are noted.
Book Synopsis Essays on the Rise of Job Instability in Canada, the United Kingdom and Germany by : Xavier St Denis
Download or read book Essays on the Rise of Job Instability in Canada, the United Kingdom and Germany written by Xavier St Denis and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The main contribution of this dissertation is measuring and explaining the increase in instability in the career trajectories of Canadian, British and German workers. The motivation behind this project is solving the contradiction between two bodies of literature. On one hand, a large body of scholarship has focused on the shift away from the standard employment relationship and towards precarious work since the 1980s. This literature studies how the adoption of flexible employment practices by employers has led to decreased job and employment security. On the other hand, many empirical studies in OECD countries suggest that jobs have on average remained relatively stable over the past four decades, as measured by the probability of job separation or average job tenure duration. This would seem to contradict the claims made in the precarious work literature.The results presented in the three empirical chapters rely on survey microdata to show important shifts in job stability patterns in Canada, the UK and Germany. These results identify a clear decrease in job stability since the 1980s in Canada (Chapter 2) and in the UK (Chapter 3) for men in the private sector. Like in the US, this decrease is observed in parallel to an increase in job stability among women, generally associated with their greater job attachment especially around childbirth. In Germany, the results presented in Chapter 3 show evidence of a polarization of job instability, consistent with the dualization literature in comparative political economy. This trend is partly driven by differences between core and peripheral sectors of the economy and insider-outsider dynamics underpinned by German industrial relations and skill formation institutions. It is also driven by gendered dynamics that appear to be rooted in German male breadwinner family regime and recent family and labour market policy reforms. This leads to findings of an increase in the share of women with short-term jobs in Germany, in contrast with Canada and the UK. Finally, the fourth chapter of this dissertation develops a new method to obtain reliable estimates of the changing importance of lifetime jobs. Lifetime jobs are generally identified as a central feature of the career model of the postwar labour market. In contrast, flexible employment and unstable jobs predominant in the new economy are often associated with boundaryless careers. In order to provide a more precise empirical evidence of the changing importance of lifetime jobs, a new cohort-based measure using cross-sectional data is developed and evaluated. The results show that lifetime jobs, defined as jobs lasting for the majority of a worker’s active life, were rare even in the postwar economy, in contrast with the descriptions provided by some of the sociological literature. The share of workers who held a lifetime job in the UK appears stable over time, while the share of long-term jobs declined.More generally, this dissertation highlights three important points. First, the use of different measures of job stability should aim to produce complementary rather than competing evidence. Second, several important transformations of the economy and of labour force characteristics have unfolded in parallel to flexibilization and to the increased attachment of women to the labour market. Research on the relationship between employer practices and career trajectories should be designed in a way that allows the removal of the impact of those transformations on the estimates of change over time. Third, relatively different trends in job stability may be observed across countries for reasons associated with institutional arrangements and reform trajectories, highlighting the relevance of adopting a perspective rooted in comparative political economy for the study of job stability"--
Book Synopsis The Evolution of Job Stability in Canada by : Andrew Heisz
Download or read book The Evolution of Job Stability in Canada written by Andrew Heisz and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using data from the 1976-2001 Canadian Labour Force Survey, we examine the stability of currently held jobs and find no period-long drop in job stability. However, job stability declined across the 1980s and rose across the 1990s for workers with less than one year of tenure. When 1987 and 1995 are compared, it can be seen that job stability was steady in Canada but fell slightly in the United States, with the difference concentrated among medium tenured workers. We suggest that this difference was due to a slower recovery in Canada in the 1990s, which caused Canadian workers to be less mobile.
Book Synopsis Are Canadians More Likely to Lose Their Jobs in the 1990s? by : W. G. Picot
Download or read book Are Canadians More Likely to Lose Their Jobs in the 1990s? written by W. G. Picot and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reports of extensive layoffs in large organizations, both public and private, are a regular occurrence in the media. As part of a comprehensive research effort to examine job instability, the objective of this paper is to assess one dimension of job instability, permanent layoffs. The key question addressed in the paper is "have permanent layoffs in Canada increased in the 1990s as compared to earlier comparable periods?" The data source used in this research is the Longitudinal Worker File on the separations of Canadian workers from 1978 to 1993.
Book Synopsis Perspectives on Labour and Income by :
Download or read book Perspectives on Labour and Income written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Rethinking Workplace Regulation by : Katherine V.W. Stone
Download or read book Rethinking Workplace Regulation written by Katherine V.W. Stone and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 2013-02-14 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the middle third of the 20th century, workers in most industrialized countries secured a substantial measure of job security, whether through legislation, contract or social practice. This “standard employment contract,” as it was known, became the foundation of an impressive array of rights and entitlements, including social insurance and pensions, protection against unsociable working conditions, and the right to bargain collectively. Recent changes in technology and the global economy, however, have dramatically eroded this traditional form of employment. Employers now value flexibility over stability, and increasingly hire employees for short-term or temporary work. Many countries have also repealed labor laws, relaxed employee protections, and reduced state-provided benefits. As the old system of worker protection declines, how can labor regulation be improved to protect workers? In Rethinking Workplace Regulation, nineteen leading scholars from ten countries and half a dozen disciplines present a sweeping tour of the latest policy experiments across the world that attempt to balance worker security and the new flexible employment paradigm. Edited by noted socio-legal scholars Katherine V.W. Stone and Harry Arthurs, Rethinking Workplace Regulation presents case studies on new forms of dispute resolution, job training programs, social insurance and collective representation that could serve as policy models in the contemporary industrialized world. The volume leads with an intriguing set of essays on legal attempts to update the employment contract. For example, Bruno Caruso reports on efforts in the European Union to “constitutionalize” employment and other contracts to better preserve protective principles for workers and to extend their legal impact. The volume then turns to the field of labor relations, where promising regulatory strategies have emerged. Sociologist Jelle Visser offers a fresh assessment of the Dutch version of the ‘flexicurity’ model, which attempts to balance the rise in nonstandard employment with improved social protection by indexing the minimum wage and strengthening rights of access to health insurance, pensions, and training. Sociologist Ida Regalia provides an engaging account of experimental local and regional “pacts” in Italy and France that allow several employers to share temporary workers, thereby providing workers job security within the group rather than with an individual firm. The volume also illustrates the power of governments to influence labor market institutions. Legal scholars John Howe and Michael Rawling discuss Australia's innovative legislation on supply chains that holds companies at the top of the supply chain responsible for employment law violations of their subcontractors. Contributors also analyze ways in which more general social policy is being renegotiated in light of the changing nature of work. Kendra Strauss, a geographer, offers a wide-ranging comparative analysis of pension systems and calls for a new model that offers “flexible pensions for flexible workers.” With its ambitious scope and broad inquiry, Rethinking Workplace Regulation illustrates the diverse innovations countries have developed to confront the policy challenges created by the changing nature of work. The experiments evaluated in this volume will provide inspiration and instruction for policymakers and advocates seeking to improve worker’s lives in this latest era of global capitalism.
Book Synopsis Life-Chance Guarantees: A New Agenda for Social Policy by : Brigitte Kitchen
Download or read book Life-Chance Guarantees: A New Agenda for Social Policy written by Brigitte Kitchen and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Page 7 Life Chance Guarantees: A new agenda for social policy Introduction The global economy where capital and production are free to move all over the world has subjugated the living standards of working people to the imperatives of capital growth. [...] Then, taxes were cut for upper-income earners while they were increased for middle-income earners by reducing the number of tax brackets to just three, which led to a flattening of the progressivity of the income tax system. [...] The jump in the marginal tax rate from 17% for low-income earners to 26% in the middle- income bracket was the steepest among the Group of Seven (G-7) countries 5 Kitchen-Life Chances B&W Oct.05. [...] In contrast, gains for the more than 10 million Canadians with earnings of less than $60,000 a year have been limited despite the recent re-indexation of tax brackets lowering the middle-income tax rate to 23% and substantially raising the basic personal exemption of income to $10,000 by 2009. [...] In 1993, the federal government combined the welfare mandate of Health and Welfare Canada with the employment (and Unemployment Insurance) mandate of Employment and Immigration Canada in the new Department of Human Resources Development.
Book Synopsis The Source of the New Canadian Job Stability Patterns by : Pierre Brochu
Download or read book The Source of the New Canadian Job Stability Patterns written by Pierre Brochu and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper explores the causes of recent changes in Canadian job stability. Using the Labour Force Survey master files (1977-2010), I find that the increases in job stability first observed in the 1990s were, in fact, long lasting. Results indicate that compositional changes and the increased job stability of women within age and education groups play important roles in explaining the aggregate job stability patterns that emerge. La source des nouvelles tendances de stabilité de l'emploi au Canada. Ce texte examine les causes des changements récents dans la stabilité de l'emploi au Canada. A l'aide des fichiers maîtres de l'Enquête sur la population active, on découvre que les accroissements dans la stabilité observés d'abord dans les années 1990 ont perduré. Les résultats indiquent que les changements dans la composition de la main d'œuvre et la stabilité accrue de l'emploi des femmes pour les divers groupes d'âge et de niveau d'éducation jouent des rôles importants dans l'explication des tendances de stabilité agrégée de l'emploi qu'on a observés.
Book Synopsis Social Inequality in Canada by : James E. Curtis
Download or read book Social Inequality in Canada written by James E. Curtis and published by Scarborough, Ont. : Prentice-Hall Canada. This book was released on 1999 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of the book is to introduce students to issues of social inequality in Canada. It includes a collection of 30 articles which address all of teh major aspects of social inequality. Topics include social inequality, social class, social stratification, social isseus, and Canadian Society. The book begins from the premise that social inequality entails two broad components: objective or strucutral conditions of social inequality and ideologies ath help support these differences.
Book Synopsis Globalisation and Labour Market Adjustment by : D. Greenaway
Download or read book Globalisation and Labour Market Adjustment written by D. Greenaway and published by Springer. This book was released on 2008-04-17 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although economists have long pointed to the aggregate gains from increased economic integration, the popular perception of globalization is much more pessimistic. Workers feel less secure in their jobs and fear wage losses and unemployment. This book explores these issues, and asks whether the concerns are warranted.
Book Synopsis Employment Stability in an Age of Flexibility by : Sandrine Cazes
Download or read book Employment Stability in an Age of Flexibility written by Sandrine Cazes and published by International Labour Organization. This book was released on 2003 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While offering a comparison of employment stability and flexibility in 16 OECD countries, the book provides a detailed analysis on the type of labor market regulations needed to ensure a balance of employment flexibility and security.
Book Synopsis Aging and Demographic Change in Canadian Context by : David J. Cheal
Download or read book Aging and Demographic Change in Canadian Context written by David J. Cheal and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contributors question whether an aging society is necessarily inferior or problematic compared with the recent past, cautioning that exaggerated concerns about population aging can be harmful to rational policy making.
Book Synopsis Linking Outcomes for Workers to Changes in Workplace Practices by : Garnett Picot
Download or read book Linking Outcomes for Workers to Changes in Workplace Practices written by Garnett Picot and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Workplace and Employee Survey (WES) is a new Statistics Canada undertaking. It is sponsored by Human Resources Development Canada, and is designed to provide an integrated view of the activities of employers and their employees. This is an experimental survey for which a pilot is currently being tested. The survey is intended to provide data on numerous topics associated both with changes in the workplace and workers outcomes. These topics are addressed later in the paper, but they include, for the workplace, the implementation of technology, training, unionization, the use of core and contingent workforces, various aspects of organizational change, business strategies, the type of market in which the firm functions, and so on. For the employees working in these workplaces the survey focuses on training received, job tenure and employment stability, the use of technologies, their occupational and educational characteristics, fringe benefits, unionization and wages and hours of work, among other variables.
Book Synopsis Adapting Public Policy to a Labour Market in Transition by : France St-Hilaire
Download or read book Adapting Public Policy to a Labour Market in Transition written by France St-Hilaire and published by IRPP. This book was released on 2000 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After two decades of rapid technological and structural change and an overall record of poor economic performance, Canadians need to take stock of the ongoing transformation of the labour market and its implications for public policy. The fundamental changes to the nature of work itself suggest that labour and social policies established decades ago may no longer be adequate or appropriate. Moreover, the continuing perception of increased instability and worsening employment outcomes, and the growing concern over increased earnings inequality and labour market polarisation, have raised serious questions about the role of government not only in addressing the consequences of economic adjustment but also in facilitating or, worse, hampering this process. In Adapting Public Policy to a Labour Market in Transition leading labour market specialists examine specific areas of public policy that have generated considerable attention and debate in recent years. They provide new evidence on issues of utmost concern to the well-being of Canadians and a solid assessment of the challenges and avenues for policy reform.
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