Certain Philosophical Questions

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Certain Philosophical Questions

Author : J. E. McGuire
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521530668
Total Pages : 536 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (36 download)

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Book Synopsis Certain Philosophical Questions by : J. E. McGuire

Download or read book Certain Philosophical Questions written by J. E. McGuire and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-02-13 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Isaac Newton wrote the manuscript Questiones quaedam philosophicae at the very beginning of his scientific career. This small notebook thus affords rare insight into the beginnings of Newton's thought and the foundations of his subsequent intellectual development. The Questiones contains a series of entries in Newton's hand that range over many topics in science, philosophy, psychology, theology, and the foundations of mathematics. These notes, written in English, provide a very detailed picture of Newton's early interests, and record his critical appraisal of contemporary issues in natural philosophy. Written predominantly in 1664-5, they give a significant perspective on Newton's thought just prior to his annus mirabilis, 1666. This volume provides a complete transcription of the Questiones, together with an 'expansion' into modern English, and a full editorial commentary on the content and significance of the notebook in the development of Newton's thought. It will be essential reading for all those interested in Newton and the intellectual foundations of science.

Mass Terms: Some Philosophical Problems

Author : Francis Jeffrey Pelletier
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402041101
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Mass Terms: Some Philosophical Problems by : Francis Jeffrey Pelletier

Download or read book Mass Terms: Some Philosophical Problems written by Francis Jeffrey Pelletier and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-11-08 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I. MASS TERMS, COUNT TERMS, AND SORTAL TERMS Central examples of mass terms are easy to come by. 'Water', 'smoke', 'gold', etc. , differ in their syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic properties from count terms such as 'man', 'star', 'wastebasket', etc. Syntactically, it seems, mass terms do, but singular count terms do not, admit the quantifier phrases 'much', 'an amount of', 'a little', etc. The typical indefinite article for them is 'some' (unstressed)!, and this article cannot be used with singular count terms. Count terms, but not mass terms, use the quantifiers 'each', 'every', 'some', 'few', 'many'; and they use 'a(n)' as the indefinite article. They can, unlike the mass terms, take numerals as prefixes. Mass terms seem not to have a plural. Semantically, philo sophers have characterized count terms as denoting (classes of?) indi vidual objects, whereas what mass terms denote are cumulative and dissective. (That is, a mass term is supposed to be true of any sum of things (stuff) it is true of, and true of any part of anything of which it is true). Pragmatically, it seems that speakers use count terms when they wish to refer to individual objects, or when they wish to reidentify a particular already introduced into discoursc. Given a "space appropriate" to a count term C, it makes sense to ask how many C's there are in that space.

Philosophical Progress

Author : Daniel Stoljar
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198802099
Total Pages : 201 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (988 download)

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Book Synopsis Philosophical Progress by : Daniel Stoljar

Download or read book Philosophical Progress written by Daniel Stoljar and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Daniel Stoljar presents a persuasive rejection of the widespread view that philosophy makes no progress. He defends a reasonable optimism about philosophical progress, showing that we have correctly answered philosophical questions in the past and may expect to do so in the future. He offers a credible vision of how philosophy works.

The Nature of Philosophical Problems

Author : John Kekes
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191040908
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Nature of Philosophical Problems by : John Kekes

Download or read book The Nature of Philosophical Problems written by John Kekes and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2014-05-08 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We must all make choices about how we want to live. We evaluate our possibilities by relying on historical, moral, personal, political, religious, and scientific modes of evaluations, but the values and reasons that follow from them conflict. Philosophical problems are forced on us when we try to cope with such conflicts. There are reasons for and against all proposed ways of coping with the conflicts, but none of them has been generally accepted by reasonable thinkers. The constructive aim of The Nature of Philosophical Problems is to propose a way of understanding the nature of such philosophical problems, explain why they occur, why they are perennial, and propose a pluralist approach as the most reasonable way of coping with them. This approach is practical, context-dependent, and particular. It follows from it that the recurrence of philosophical problems is not a defect, but a welcome consequence of the richness of our modes of understanding that enlarges the range of possibilities by which we might choose to live. The critical aim of the book is to give reasons against both the absolutist attempt to find an overriding value or principle for resolving philosophical problems and of the relativist claim that reasons unavoidably come to an end and how we want to live is ultimately a matter of personal preference, not of reasons.

The Problems of Philosophy

Author : Bertrand Russell
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0192854232
Total Pages : 129 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (928 download)

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Book Synopsis The Problems of Philosophy by : Bertrand Russell

Download or read book The Problems of Philosophy written by Bertrand Russell and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2001 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This classic work, first published in 1912, has never been supplanted as an approachable introduction to the theory of philosophical enquiry. It gives Russell's views on such subjects as the distinction between appearance and reality, the existence and nature of matter, idealism, knowledge by acquaintance and by description, induction, truth and falsehood, the distinction between knowledge, error and probable opinion, and the limits and value of philosophical knowledge.

Never at Rest

Author : Richard S. Westfall
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107392799
Total Pages : 934 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (73 download)

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Book Synopsis Never at Rest by : Richard S. Westfall

Download or read book Never at Rest written by Richard S. Westfall and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1983-04-29 with total page 934 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This richly detailed 1981 biography captures both the personal life and the scientific career of Isaac Newton, presenting a fully rounded picture of Newton the man, the scientist, the philosopher, the theologian, and the public figure. Professor Westfall treats all aspects of Newton's career, but his account centres on a full description of Newton's achievements in science. Thus the core of the work describes the development of the calculus, the experimentation that altered the direction of the science of optics, and especially the investigations in celestial dynamics that led to the law of universal gravitation.

Handbook of Color Psychology

Author : Andrew J. Elliot
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1316395332
Total Pages : 1737 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (163 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Color Psychology by : Andrew J. Elliot

Download or read book Handbook of Color Psychology written by Andrew J. Elliot and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-12-17 with total page 1737 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We perceive color everywhere and on everything that we encounter in daily life. Color science has progressed to the point where a great deal is known about the mechanics, evolution, and development of color vision, but less is known about the relation between color vision and psychology. However, color psychology is now a burgeoning, exciting area and this Handbook provides comprehensive coverage of emerging theory and research. Top scholars in the field provide rigorous overviews of work on color categorization, color symbolism and association, color preference, reciprocal relations between color perception and psychological functioning, and variations and deficiencies in color perception. The Handbook of Color Psychology seeks to facilitate cross-fertilization among researchers, both within and across disciplines and areas of research, and is an essential resource for anyone interested in color psychology in both theoretical and applied areas of study.

Philosophical Papers

Author : Moritz Schlick
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9789027709417
Total Pages : 586 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Philosophical Papers by : Moritz Schlick

Download or read book Philosophical Papers written by Moritz Schlick and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1980-03-31 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

A Philosophy of Fear

Author : Lars Svendsen
Publisher : Reaktion Books
ISBN 13 : 1861897863
Total Pages : 158 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (618 download)

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Book Synopsis A Philosophy of Fear by : Lars Svendsen

Download or read book A Philosophy of Fear written by Lars Svendsen and published by Reaktion Books. This book was released on 2008-11-01 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surveillance cameras. Airport security lines. Barred store windows. We see manifestations of societal fears everyday, and daily news reports on the latest household danger or raised terror threat level continually stoke our sense of impending doom. In A Philosophy of Fear, Lars Svendsen now explores the underlying ideas and issues behind this powerful emotion, as he investigates how and why fear has insinuated itself into every aspect of modern life. Svendsen delves into science, politics, sociology, and literature to explore the nature of fear. He examines the biology behind the emotion, from the neuroscience underlying our “fight or flight” instinct to how fear induces us to take irrational actions in our attempts to minimize risk. The book then turns to the political and social realms, investigating the role of fear in the philosophies of Machiavelli and Hobbes, the rise of the modern “risk society,” and how fear has eroded social trust. Entertainment such as the television show “Fear Factor,” competition in extreme sports, and the political use of fear in the ongoing “War on Terror” all come under Svendsen’s probing gaze, as he investigates whether we can ever disentangle ourselves from the continual state of alarm that defines our age. Svendsen ultimately argues for the possibility of a brighter, less fearful future that is marked by a triumph of humanist optimism. An incisive and thought-provoking meditation, A Philosophy of Fear pulls back the curtain that shrouds dangers imagined and real, forcing us to confront our fears and why we hold to them.

The Chronology of Ancient Kingdoms Amended

Author : Isaac Newton
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 402 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Chronology of Ancient Kingdoms Amended by : Isaac Newton

Download or read book The Chronology of Ancient Kingdoms Amended written by Isaac Newton and published by . This book was released on 1728 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Metaphysical Investigations

Author : Ramon M. Lemos
Publisher : Fairleigh Dickinson Univ Press
ISBN 13 : 9780838633076
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Metaphysical Investigations by : Ramon M. Lemos

Download or read book Metaphysical Investigations written by Ramon M. Lemos and published by Fairleigh Dickinson Univ Press. This book was released on 1988 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By proposing solutions to a number of fundamental metaphysical problems, this work develops and vindicates an objective, realistic, rationalistic approach to metaphysics. Attention is given to language and meaning, international objects and formal realities, universals and particulars, prediction and predictables.

Philosophy's Future

Author : Russell Blackford
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119210097
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis Philosophy's Future by : Russell Blackford

Download or read book Philosophy's Future written by Russell Blackford and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-04-25 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Philosophy’s Future: The Problem of Philosophical Progress diagnoses the state of philosophy as an academic discipline and calls it to account, inviting further reflection and dialogue on its cultural value and capacity for future evolution. Offers the most up-to-date treatment of the intellectual and cultural value of contemporary philosophy from a wide range of perspectives Features contributions from distinguished philosophers such as Frank Jackson, Karen Green, Timothy Williamson, Jessica Wilson, and many others Explores the ways philosophical investigations of logic, world, mind, and moral responsibility continue to shape the empirical and theoretical sciences Considers the role of contemporary philosophy in political issues such as women’s rights, the discrimination of minorities, and public health

The Bloomsbury Research Handbook of Chinese Philosophy Methodologies

Author : Sor-hoon Tan
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 147258032X
Total Pages : 393 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (725 download)

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Book Synopsis The Bloomsbury Research Handbook of Chinese Philosophy Methodologies by : Sor-hoon Tan

Download or read book The Bloomsbury Research Handbook of Chinese Philosophy Methodologies written by Sor-hoon Tan and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2016-08-25 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Bloomsbury Research Handbook of Chinese Philosophy Methodologies presents a new understanding of the changing methods used to study Chinese philosophy. By identifying the various different approaches and discussing the role, and significance of philosophical methods in the Chinese tradition, this collection identifies difficulties and exciting developments for scholars of Asian philosophy. Divided into four parts, the nature of Chinese philosophical thought is illuminated by discussing historical developments, current concerns and methodological challenges. Surveying recent methodological trends, this research companion explores and evaluates the methodologies that have been applied to Chinese philosophy. From these diverse angles, an international team of experts reflect on the considerations that enter their methodological choices and indicate new research directions. The Bloomsbury Research Handbook of Chinese Philosophy Methodologies is an important contribution to the education of the next generation of Chinese philosophers.

Logic in Question

Author : Jean-Yves Béziau
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030944522
Total Pages : 743 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (39 download)

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Book Synopsis Logic in Question by : Jean-Yves Béziau

Download or read book Logic in Question written by Jean-Yves Béziau and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-01-11 with total page 743 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This contributed volume collects papers related to the Logic in Question workshop, which has taken place annually at Sorbonne University in Paris since 2011. Each year, the workshop brings together historians, philosophers, mathematicians, linguists, and computer scientists to explore questions related to the nature of logic and how it has developed over the years. As a result, chapter authors provide a thorough, interdisciplinary exploration of topics that have been studied in the workshop. Organized into three sections, the first part of the book focuses on historical questions related to logic, the second explores philosophical questions, and the third section is dedicated to mathematical discussions. Specific topics include: • logic and analogy• Chinese logic• nineteenth century British logic (in particular Boole and Lewis Carroll)• logical diagrams • the place and value of logic in Louis Couturat’s philosophical thinking• contributions of logical analysis for mathematics education• the exceptionality of logic• the logical expressive power of natural languages• the unification of mathematics via topos theory Logic in Question will appeal to pure logicians, historians of logic, philosophers, linguists, and other researchers interested in the history of logic, making this volume a unique and valuable contribution to the field.

The Pig That Wants To Be Eaten

Author : Julian Baggini
Publisher : Granta Books
ISBN 13 : 1847083021
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis The Pig That Wants To Be Eaten by : Julian Baggini

Download or read book The Pig That Wants To Be Eaten written by Julian Baggini and published by Granta Books. This book was released on 2010-04-01 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is it right to eat a pig that wants to be eaten? Are you really reading this book cover, or are you in a simulation? If God is all-powerful, could he create a square circle? Here are 100 of the most intriguing thought experiments from the history of philosophy and ideas - questions to leave you inspired, informed and scratching your head, dumbfounded.

A Companion to Applied Philosophy

Author : Kasper Lippert-Rasmussen
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118869125
Total Pages : 664 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (188 download)

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Book Synopsis A Companion to Applied Philosophy by : Kasper Lippert-Rasmussen

Download or read book A Companion to Applied Philosophy written by Kasper Lippert-Rasmussen and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-09-19 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Applied philosophy has been a growing area of research for the last 40 years. Until now, however, almost all of this research has been centered around the field of ethics. A Companion to Applied Philosophy breaks new ground, demonstrating that all areasof philosophy, including epistemology, metaphysics, philosophy of science, and philosophy of mind, can be applied, and are relevant to questions of everyday life. This perennial topic in philosophy provides an overview of these various applied philosophy developments, highlighting similarities and differences between various areas of applied philosophy, and examining the very nature of this topic. It is an area to which many of the towering figures in the history of philosophy have contributed, and this timely Companion demonstrates how various historical contributions are actually contributions within applied philosophy, even if they are not traditionally seen as such. The Companion contains 42 essays covering major areas of philosophy; the articles themselves are all original contributions to the literature and represent the state of the art on this topic, as well as offering a map to the current debates.

“The main Business of natural Philosophy”

Author : Steffen Ducheyne
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400721269
Total Pages : 367 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis “The main Business of natural Philosophy” by : Steffen Ducheyne

Download or read book “The main Business of natural Philosophy” written by Steffen Ducheyne and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-10-20 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this monograph, Steffen Ducheyne provides a historically detailed and systematically rich explication of Newton’s methodology. Throughout the pages of this book, it will be shown that Newton developed a complex natural-philosophical methodology which encompasses procedures to minimize inductive risk during the process of theory formation and which, thereby, surpasses a standard hypothetico-deductive methodological setting. Accordingly, it will be highlighted that the so-called ‘Newtonian Revolution’ was not restricted to the empirical and theoretical dimensions of science, but applied equally to the methodological dimension of science. Furthermore, it will be documented that Newton’s methodology was far from static and that it developed alongside with his scientific work. Attention will be paid not only to the successes of Newton’s innovative methodology, but equally to its tensions and limitations. Based on a thorough study of Newton’s extant manuscripts, this monograph will address and contextualize, inter alia, Newton’s causal realism, his views on action at a distance and space and time, the status of efficient causation in the /Principia/, the different phases of his methodology, his treatment of force and the constituents of the physico-mathematical models in the context of Book I of the /Principia/, the analytic part of the argument for universal gravitation, the meaning and significance of his regulae philosophandi, the methodological differences between his mechanical and optical work, and, finally, the interplay between Newton’s theology and his natural philosophy.