Causality Method And Modality

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Causality, Method, and Modality

Author : G.G. Brittan
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9789401054799
Total Pages : 241 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (547 download)

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Book Synopsis Causality, Method, and Modality by : G.G. Brittan

Download or read book Causality, Method, and Modality written by G.G. Brittan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-10-03 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Deservedly so, Jules Vuillemin is widely respected and greatly admired. It is not simply that he has produced a large body of outstanding work, in many different areas of philosophy. Or that he combines to an unusual degree rigorous standards with a very wide perspective. Or even that in his path-breaking accounts of algebra, of !)escartes, of Kant and of Russell, he showed in new and profound ways how the histories of science and philosophy could be used to illuminate each other. It is also that he has pursued the application of formal techniques and the defense of liberal institutions with a rare singlemindedness and courage. In a time and place where the former were generally ignored and the latter often attacked, he carried on, at some personal cost, embodying a traditional and ideal conception of the philosophical life, bridging national differences. Those who know him also treasure his friendship. Always curious, he delights in new facts and new experiences, and continually heightens the perception of those around him. Almost yearly, at the College de France he introduced brand new courses always with fresh and fruitful inSights. Exceptionally solicitous, he follows the lives of the families around him in great detail. The devotion of his students is legend. His personal energy is also legend. Many of us have followed him bounding up the stairs two at a time or through the gardens of the Luxembourg, his wit and irony apace.

Causality, Method, and Modality

Author : G.G. Brittan
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9780792310457
Total Pages : 241 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Causality, Method, and Modality by : G.G. Brittan

Download or read book Causality, Method, and Modality written by G.G. Brittan and published by Springer. This book was released on 1990-11-30 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Deservedly so, Jules Vuillemin is widely respected and greatly admired. It is not simply that he has produced a large body of outstanding work, in many different areas of philosophy. Or that he combines to an unusual degree rigorous standards with a very wide perspective. Or even that in his path-breaking accounts of algebra, of !)escartes, of Kant and of Russell, he showed in new and profound ways how the histories of science and philosophy could be used to illuminate each other. It is also that he has pursued the application of formal techniques and the defense of liberal institutions with a rare singlemindedness and courage. In a time and place where the former were generally ignored and the latter often attacked, he carried on, at some personal cost, embodying a traditional and ideal conception of the philosophical life, bridging national differences. Those who know him also treasure his friendship. Always curious, he delights in new facts and new experiences, and continually heightens the perception of those around him. Almost yearly, at the College de France he introduced brand new courses always with fresh and fruitful inSights. Exceptionally solicitous, he follows the lives of the families around him in great detail. The devotion of his students is legend. His personal energy is also legend. Many of us have followed him bounding up the stairs two at a time or through the gardens of the Luxembourg, his wit and irony apace.

Causality, Method, and Modality

Author : G.G. Brittan
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis Causality, Method, and Modality by : G.G. Brittan

Download or read book Causality, Method, and Modality written by G.G. Brittan and published by Springer. This book was released on 1991 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Deservedly so, Jules Vuillemin is widely respected and greatly admired. It is not simply that he has produced a large body of outstanding work, in many different areas of philosophy. Or that he combines to an unusual degree rigorous standards with a very wide perspective. Or even that in his path-breaking accounts of algebra, of !)escartes, of Kant and of Russell, he showed in new and profound ways how the histories of science and philosophy could be used to illuminate each other. It is also that he has pursued the application of formal techniques and the defense of liberal institutions with a rare singlemindedness and courage. In a time and place where the former were generally ignored and the latter often attacked, he carried on, at some personal cost, embodying a traditional and ideal conception of the philosophical life, bridging national differences. Those who know him also treasure his friendship. Always curious, he delights in new facts and new experiences, and continually heightens the perception of those around him. Almost yearly, at the College de France he introduced brand new courses always with fresh and fruitful inSights. Exceptionally solicitous, he follows the lives of the families around him in great detail. The devotion of his students is legend. His personal energy is also legend. Many of us have followed him bounding up the stairs two at a time or through the gardens of the Luxembourg, his wit and irony apace.

What Tends to Be

Author : Rani Lill Anjum
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351009796
Total Pages : 194 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis What Tends to Be by : Rani Lill Anjum

Download or read book What Tends to Be written by Rani Lill Anjum and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-05-11 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: People tend to enjoy listening to music or watching television, sleeping at night and celebrating birthdays. Plants tend to grow and thrive in sunlight and mild temperatures. We also know that tendencies are not perfectly regular and that there are patterns in the natural world, which are reliable to a degree, but not absolute. What should we make of a world where things tend to be one way but could be another? Is there a position between necessity and possibility? If there is, what are the implications for science, knowledge and ethics? This book explores these questions and is the first full-length treatment of the philosophy of tendencies. Anjum and Mumford argue that although the philosophical language of tendencies has been around since Aristotle, there has not been any serious commitment to the irreducible modality that they involve. They also argue that the acceptance of an irreducible and sui generis tendential modality ought to be the fundamental commitment of any genuine realism about dispositions or powers. It is the dispositional modality that makes dispositions authentically disposition-like. Armed with this theory the authors apply it to a variety of key philosophical topics such as chance, causation, epistemology and free will.

Causation in Science and the Methods of Scientific Discovery

Author : Rani Lill Anjum
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0198733666
Total Pages : 295 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis Causation in Science and the Methods of Scientific Discovery by : Rani Lill Anjum

Download or read book Causation in Science and the Methods of Scientific Discovery written by Rani Lill Anjum and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Causal questions are relevant to all sciences and social sciences, yet how we discover causal connections is no easy matter. Indeed, the choice of methods concerns the correct norms for the empirical study of the world. In this text, two experts on causation relate philosophical theory to scientific practice and propose nine new norms of discovery.

Causality, Modality, and Explanation

Author : Graham White
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 18 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (751 download)

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Book Synopsis Causality, Modality, and Explanation by : Graham White

Download or read book Causality, Modality, and Explanation written by Graham White and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Modality, Causality, and God

Author : Daniel von Wachter
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 444 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (544 download)

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Book Synopsis Modality, Causality, and God by : Daniel von Wachter

Download or read book Modality, Causality, and God written by Daniel von Wachter and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Causality

Author : Phyllis Illari
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191639672
Total Pages : 325 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis Causality by : Phyllis Illari

Download or read book Causality written by Phyllis Illari and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2014-10-02 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Head hits cause brain damage - but not always. Should we ban sport to protect athletes? Exposure to electromagnetic fields is strongly associated with cancer development - does that mean exposure causes cancer? Should we encourage old fashioned communication instead of mobile phones to reduce cancer rates? According to popular wisdom, the Mediterranean diet keeps you healthy. Is this belief scientifically sound? Should public health bodies encourage consumption of fresh fruit and vegetables? Severe financial constraints on research and public policy, media pressure, and public anxiety make such questions of immense current concern not just to philosophers but to scientists, governments, public bodies, and the general public. In the last decade there has been an explosion of theorizing about causality in philosophy, and also in the sciences. This literature is both fascinating and important, but it is involved and highly technical. This makes it inaccessible to many who would like to use it, philosophers and scientists alike. This book is an introduction to philosophy of causality - one that is highly accessible: to scientists unacquainted with philosophy, to philosophers unacquainted with science, and to anyone else lost in the labyrinth of philosophical theories of causality. It presents key philosophical accounts, concepts and methods, using examples from the sciences to show how to apply philosophical debates to scientific problems.

Actuality Inferences

Author : Prerna Nadathur
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192666827
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (926 download)

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Book Synopsis Actuality Inferences by : Prerna Nadathur

Download or read book Actuality Inferences written by Prerna Nadathur and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023-03-30 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book investigates the phenomenon of actuality inferences, in which claims of ability are-in certain temporal contexts-interpreted as descriptions of actual events, instead of as descriptions of potentialities or possibilities. Although actuality inferences evidently arise in the interaction between modality and aspect, they have long resisted compositional explication in standard treatments of these semantic categories. Prerna Nadathur here pursues a new approach, in which actuality inferences are linked to a novel component in the semantics of ability: causal dependence relations. The account is developed through a comparative, crosslinguistic semantic analysis of three predicate classes that license similar inferences: implicative verbs in Finnish and English, enough/too predicates in French and English, and (modal) ability predicates in French, Hindi, and English. Similarities in the inferential profiles of these predicates are tied to their shared causal background structure, while their differences-including in sensitivity to grammatical aspect-derive from differences in asserted content and associated aspectual class contrasts. The central argument is that a complex causal structure for ability interacts with the compositional requirements of aspect to derive the observed actuality-ability ambiguity. The volume shows that causal structure and causal relationships shape patterns of linguistic inference beyond the overtly causal domain, and thus contributes to a new and growing body of research in which formal, computational causal models are employed as an analytic tool for lexical and compositional semantics.

Causality and Causal Modelling in the Social Sciences

Author : Federica Russo
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402088175
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Causality and Causal Modelling in the Social Sciences by : Federica Russo

Download or read book Causality and Causal Modelling in the Social Sciences written by Federica Russo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-09-18 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This investigation into causal modelling presents the rationale of causality, i.e. the notion that guides causal reasoning in causal modelling. It is argued that causal models are regimented by a rationale of variation, nor of regularity neither invariance, thus breaking down the dominant Human paradigm. The notion of variation is shown to be embedded in the scheme of reasoning behind various causal models. It is also shown to be latent – yet fundamental – in many philosophical accounts. Moreover, it has significant consequences for methodological issues: the warranty of the causal interpretation of causal models, the levels of causation, the characterisation of mechanisms, and the interpretation of probability. This book offers a novel philosophical and methodological approach to causal reasoning in causal modelling and provides the reader with the tools to be up to date about various issues causality rises in social science.

Causal Case Study Methods

Author : Derek Beach
Publisher : University of Michigan Press
ISBN 13 : 0472053221
Total Pages : 399 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (72 download)

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Book Synopsis Causal Case Study Methods by : Derek Beach

Download or read book Causal Case Study Methods written by Derek Beach and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2016-07-28 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An introduction to causal case study methods, complete with step-by-step guidelines and examples

Modality and Explanatory Reasoning

Author : Boris Kment
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191056715
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Modality and Explanatory Reasoning by : Boris Kment

Download or read book Modality and Explanatory Reasoning written by Boris Kment and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2014-09-18 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the ground-breaking work of Saul Kripke, David Lewis, and others in the 1960s and 70s, one dominant interest of analytic philosophers has been in modal truths, which concerns the questions of what is possible and what is necessary. However, there is considerable controversy over the source and nature of necessity. In Modality and Explanatory Reasoning, Boris Kment takes a novel approach to the study of modality that places special emphasis on understanding the origin of modal notions in everyday thought. Kment argues that the concepts of necessity and possibility originate in a common type of thought experiment—counterfactual reasoning—that allows us to investigate explanatory connections. This procedure is closely related to the controlled experiments of empirical science. Necessity is defined in terms of causation and other forms of explanation such as grounding, the relation that connects metaphysically fundamental facts to non-fundamental ones. Therefore, contrary to a widespread view, explanation is more fundamental than modality. The study of modal facts is important for philosophy, not because these facts are of much metaphysical interest in their own right, but because they provide evidence about explanatory relationships. In the course of developing this position, the book offers new accounts of possible worlds, counterfactual conditionals, essential truths and their role in grounding, and a novel theory of how counterfactuals relate to causation and explanation.

Causation in Science and the Methods of Scientific Discovery

Author : Rani Lill Anjum
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0191053392
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Causation in Science and the Methods of Scientific Discovery by : Rani Lill Anjum

Download or read book Causation in Science and the Methods of Scientific Discovery written by Rani Lill Anjum and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-09-10 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Causation is the main foundation upon which the possibility of science rests. Without causation, there would be no scientific understanding, explanation, prediction, nor application in new technologies. How we discover causal connections is no easy matter, however. Causation often lies hidden from view and it is vital that we adopt the right methods for uncovering it. The choice of methods will inevitably reflect what one takes causation to be, making an accurate account of causation an even more pressing matter. This enquiry informs the correct norms for an empirical study of the world. In Causation in Science and the Methods of Scientific Discovery, Rani Lill Anjum and Stephen Mumford propose nine new norms of scientific discovery. A number of existing methodological and philosophical orthodoxies are challenged as they argue that progress in science is being held back by an overly simplistic philosophy of causation.

Process-Tracing Methods

Author : Derek Beach
Publisher : University of Michigan Press
ISBN 13 : 0472037358
Total Pages : 329 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (72 download)

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Book Synopsis Process-Tracing Methods by : Derek Beach

Download or read book Process-Tracing Methods written by Derek Beach and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2019-01-03 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Process-tracing in social science is a method for studying causal mechanisms linking causes with outcomes. This enables the researcher to make strong inferences about how a cause (or set of causes) contributes to producing an outcome. In this extensively revised and updated edition, Derek Beach and Rasmus Brun Pedersen introduce a refined definition of process-tracing, differentiating it into four distinct variants and explaining the applications and limitations of each. The authors develop the underlying logic of process-tracing, including how one should understand causal mechanisms and how Bayesian logic enables strong within-case inferences. They provide instructions for identifying the variant of process-tracing most appropriate for the research question at hand and a set of guidelines for each stage of the research process.

Modes of Modality

Author : Elisabeth Leiss
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 9027270791
Total Pages : 519 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis Modes of Modality by : Elisabeth Leiss

Download or read book Modes of Modality written by Elisabeth Leiss and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2014-01-15 with total page 519 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volume aims at a universal definition of modality or “illocutionary/speaker’s perspective force” that is strong enough to capture the entire range of different subtypes and varieties of modalities in different languages. The central idea is that modality is all-pervasive in language. This perspective on modality allows for the integration of covert modality as well as peripheral instances of modality in neglected domains such as the modality of insufficieny, of attitudinality, or neglected domains such as modality and illocutionary force in finite vs. nonfinite and factive vs. non-factive subordinated clauses. In most languages, modality encompasses modal verbs both in their root and epistemic meanings, at least where these languages have the principled distribution between root and epistemic modality in the first place (which is one fundamentally restricted, in its strict qualitative and quantitative sense, to the Germanic languages). In addition, this volume discusses one other intricate and partially highly mysterious class of modality triggers: modal particles as they are sported in the Germanic languages (except for English). It is argued in the contributions and the languages discussed in this volume how modal verbs and adverbials, next to modal particles, are expressed, how they are interlinked with contextual factors such as aspect, definiteness, person, verbal factivity, and assertivity as opposed to other attitudinal types. An essential concept used and argued for is perspectivization (a sub-concept of possible world semantics). Language groups covered in detail and compared are Slavic, Germanic, and South East Asian. The volume will interest researchers in theoretical and applied linguistics, typology, the semantics/pragmatics interface, and language philosophy as it is part of a larger project developing an alternative approach to Universal Grammar that is compatible with functionalist approaches.

Modalities : Philosophical Essays

Author : Ruth Barcan Marcus Rueben Post Halleck Professor of Philosophy Yale University
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0198023960
Total Pages : 285 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (98 download)

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Book Synopsis Modalities : Philosophical Essays by : Ruth Barcan Marcus Rueben Post Halleck Professor of Philosophy Yale University

Download or read book Modalities : Philosophical Essays written by Ruth Barcan Marcus Rueben Post Halleck Professor of Philosophy Yale University and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1993-07-29 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on her earlier ground-breaking axiomatization of quantified modal logic, the papers collected here by the distinguished philosopher Ruth Barcan Marcus cover much ground in the development of her thought, spanning from 1961 to 1990. The first essay here introduces themes initially viewed as iconoclastic, such as the necessity of identity, the directly referential role of proper names as "tags", the Barcan Formula about the interplay of possibility and existence, and alternative interpretations of quantification. Marcus also addresses the putative puzzles about substitutivity and about essentialism. The collection also includes influential essays on moral conflict, on belief and rationality, and on some historical figures. Many of her views have been incorporated into current theories, while others remain part of a continuing debate.

Causation, Coherence and Concepts

Author : W. Spohn
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402054742
Total Pages : 385 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Causation, Coherence and Concepts by : W. Spohn

Download or read book Causation, Coherence and Concepts written by W. Spohn and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-11-14 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this collection I present 16 of my, I feel, more substantial papers on theoretical philosophy, 12 as originally published, one co-authored with Ulrike Haas-Spohn (Chapter14), one (Chapter 15) that was a brief conference commentary, but is in fact a suitable appendix to Chapter 14, one as a translation of a German paper (Chapter 12), and one newly written for this volume (Chapter 16), which, however, is only my recent attempt to properly and completely express an argument I had given in two earlier papers. I gratefully acknowledge permission of reprint from the relevant publishers at the beginning of each paper. In disciplinary terms the papers cover epistemology, general philosophy of science, philosophy of language, and philosophy of mind. The section titles Belief, Causation, Laws, Coherence, and Concepts and the paper titles give a more adequate impression of the topics dealt with. The papers are tightly connected. I feel they might be even read as unfolding a program, though this program was never fully clear in my mind and still isn’t. In the Introduction I attempt to describe what this program might be, thus drawing a reconstructed red thread, or rather two red threads, through all the papers. This will serve, at the same time, as an overview over the papers collected.