Categorical Contextual Cueing In Visual Search

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Categorical Contextual Cueing in Visual Search

Author : Stephen C. Walenchok
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (898 download)

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Book Synopsis Categorical Contextual Cueing in Visual Search by : Stephen C. Walenchok

Download or read book Categorical Contextual Cueing in Visual Search written by Stephen C. Walenchok and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Previous research has shown that people can implicitly learn repeated visual contexts and use this information when locating relevant items. For example, when people are presented with repeated spatial configurations of distractor items or distractor identities in visual search, they become faster to find target stimuli in these repeated contexts over time (Chun and Jiang, 1998; 1999). Given that people learn these repeated distractor configurations and identities, might they also implicitly encode semantic information about distractors, if this information is predictive of the target location? We investigated this question with a series of visual search experiments using real-world stimuli within a contextual cueing paradigm (Chun and Jiang, 1998). Specifically, we tested whether participants could learn, through experience, that the target images they are searching for are always located near specific categories of distractors, such as food items or animals. We also varied the spatial consistency of target locations, in order to rule out implicit learning of repeated target locations. Results suggest that participants implicitly learned the target-predictive categories of distractors and used this information during search, although these results failed to reach significance. This lack of significance may have been due the relative simplicity of the search task, however, and several new experiments are proposed to further investigate whether repeated category information can benefit search.

Neural Dynamics of Categorical Representations Used for Visual Search

Author : Ashley M. Phelps
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (139 download)

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Book Synopsis Neural Dynamics of Categorical Representations Used for Visual Search by : Ashley M. Phelps

Download or read book Neural Dynamics of Categorical Representations Used for Visual Search written by Ashley M. Phelps and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Decades of visual attention research have predominantly used pictorial search paradigms that cue participants with the exact perceptual details of the target. However, in everyday life, people often search for categories rather than specific items (i.e., any pen rather than a specific pen). To study visual attention in a more realistic context, researchers can use categorical search paradigms that cue participants with text indicating the target category. In these instances, one must rely on long-term memory to retrieve categorical features of the target. Both experiments in this study were a reanalysis of experiments previously designed and collected by Schmidt and colleagues at Stony Brook University. In Experiment One, participants completed a pictorial or categorical search. Eye movements were used to assess search performance and electrophysiological data were assessed in response to the target cue and RI before search to evaluate the encoding and maintenance of the target. Although participants in the categorical condition were slower and exhibited weaker guidance, as measured by initial saccade direction (to the target, strong; to a distractor, weak), no differences in power or synchronous activity were observed when compared across target cue types. However, when the data were separated by guidance (strong or weak), categorical cues produced significantly more frontal-posterior theta synchrony before good guidance trials compared to bad guidance trials. In Experiment Two, participants were given categorical and specific text cues (i.e., the text always corresponded to a single target item). Specific text cues were expected to behave similarly to pictorial cues because participants knew the exact target features. Whereas specific text cues resulted in superior search performance across several measures, minimal neural differences were observed. The results from Experiment One implicate frontal-posterior theta synchrony as a potential neural marker of categorical information used to direct attention during visual.

The Role of Categorical Cues on Target Template Formation in Visual Search

Author : Catherine Richards
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 59 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (781 download)

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Book Synopsis The Role of Categorical Cues on Target Template Formation in Visual Search by : Catherine Richards

Download or read book The Role of Categorical Cues on Target Template Formation in Visual Search written by Catherine Richards and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Visual search is a critical skill that is impacted by a target's physical traits and a viewer's prior knowledge of what those traits are. An open question in visual search concerns the nature of the target template, an internal cognitive representation of the target one is searching for and that is used to guide search. Target templates are created from knowledge about the target; in research settings this information is typically conferred to a searcher in the form of a cue. A more detailed target template is known to lead to the best search, but how a cue that lacks specific or accurate details forms a target template is not well explored. The current study examines how categorical cues impact target template creation, specifically aiming to resolve the controversy of whether and under what conditions a word cue can perform as well as an image cue. Participants searched for real world objects in an array, cued by various pictures or words. In Experiment 1, participants experienced written and auditory label cues in addition to exact target previews and visually similar image (type picture) cues; type picture cues performed significantly better than either of the word cues, which did not differ from each other. In Experiment 2, a specific label condition was added and visually heterogenous type picture cues were used. The specific auditory label resulted in reduced search times compared to basic labels and the new type cues. These results highlight the importance of specificity in target template creation and demonstrate constraints under which some verbal cues can be more effective than image cues.

Stevens' Handbook of Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Set

Author : John T. Wixted
Publisher : Wiley
ISBN 13 : 9781119170167
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis Stevens' Handbook of Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Set by : John T. Wixted

Download or read book Stevens' Handbook of Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Set written by John T. Wixted and published by Wiley. This book was released on 2018-04-10 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the first edition was published in 1951, The Stevens' Handbook of Experimental Psychology has been recognized as the standard reference in the field. The most recent (3rd) edition of the handbook was published in 2004, and it was a success by any measure. But the field of experimental psychology has changed in dramatic ways since then. Throughout the first 3 editions of the handbook, the changes in the field were mainly quantitative in nature. That is, the size and scope of the field grew steadily from 1951 to 2004, a trend that was reflected in the growing size of the handbook itself: the 1-volume first edition (1951) was succeeded by a 2-volume second edition (1988) and then by a 4-volume third edition (2004). Since 2004, however, this still-growing field has also changed qualitatively in the sense that, in virtually every subdomain of experimental psychology, theories of the mind have evolved into theories of the brain. Research methods in experimental psychology have changed accordingly and now include not only venerable EEG recordings (long a staple of research in psycholinguistics) but also MEG, fMRI, TMS, and single-unit recording. The trend towards neuroscience is an absolutely dramatic, worldwide phenomenon that is unlikely to ever be reversed. Thus, the era of purely behavioral experimental psychology is already long gone, even though not everyone has noticed. Experimental psychology and "cognitive neuroscience" (an umbrella term that includes behavioral neuroscience, social neuroscience and developmental neuroscience) are now inextricably intertwined. Nearly every major psychology department in the country has added cognitive neuroscientists to its ranks in recent years, and that trend is still growing. A viable handbook of experimental psychology should reflect the new reality on the ground. There is no handbook in existence today that combines basic experimental psychology and cognitive neuroscience, this despite the fact that the two fields are interrelated – and even interdependent – because they are concerned with the same issues (e.g., memory, perception, language, development, etc.). Almost all neuroscience-oriented research takes as its starting point what has been learned using behavioral methods in experimental psychology. In addition, nowadays, psychological theories increasingly take into account what has been learned about the brain (e.g., psychological models increasingly need to be neurologically plausible). These considerations explain why this edition of: The Stevens' Handbook of Experimental Psychology is now called The Stevens' Handbook of Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience. The title serves as a reminder that the two fields go together and as an announcement that the Stevens' Handbook covers it all. The 4th edition of the Stevens’ Handbook is a 5-volume set structured as follows: I. Learning & Memory: Elizabeth Phelps & Lila Davachi (Volume Editors) Topics include fear learning; time perception; working memory; visual object recognition; memory and future imagining; sleep and memory; emotion and memory; attention and memory; motivation and memory; inhibition in memory; education and memory; aging and memory; autobiographical memory; eyewitness memory; and category learning. II. Sensation, Perception & Attention: John Serences (Volume Editor) Topics include attention; vision; color vision; visual search; depth perception; taste; touch; olfaction; motor control; perceptual learning; audition; music perception; multisensory integration; vestibular, proprioceptive, and haptic contributions to spatial orientation; motion perception; perceptual rhythms; the interface theory of perception; perceptual organization; perception and interactive technology; perception for action. III. Language & Thought: Sharon Thompson-Schill (Volume Editor) Topics include reading; discourse and dialogue; speech production; sentence processing; bilingualism; concepts and categorization; culture and cognition; embodied cognition; creativity; reasoning; speech perception; spatial cognition; word processing; semantic memory; moral reasoning. IV. Developmental & Social Psychology: Simona Ghetti (Volume Editor) Topics include development of visual attention; self-evaluation; moral development; emotion-cognition interactions; person perception; memory; implicit social cognition; motivation group processes; development of scientific thinking; language acquisition; category and conceptual development; development of mathematical reasoning; emotion regulation; emotional development; development of theory of mind; attitudes; executive function. V. Methodology: E. J. Wagenmakers (Volume Editor) Topics include hypothesis testing and statistical inference; model comparison in psychology; mathematical modeling in cognition and cognitive neuroscience; methods and models in categorization; serial versus parallel processing; theories for discriminating signal from noise; Bayesian cognitive modeling; response time modeling; neural networks and neurocomputational modeling; methods in psychophysics analyzing neural time series data; convergent methods of memory research; models and methods for reinforcement learning; cultural consensus theory; network models for clinical psychology; the stop-signal paradigm; fmri; neural recordings; open science.

The Oxford Handbook of Eye Movements

Author : Simon Liversedge
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199539782
Total Pages : 1048 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (995 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Eye Movements by : Simon Liversedge

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Eye Movements written by Simon Liversedge and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-08-18 with total page 1048 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past few years, there has been an explosion of eye movement research in cognitive science and neuroscience. The Oxford Handbook of Eye Movements provides the first comprehensive review of the entire field of eye movement research. This book is the definitive reference work in this field.

Explicit Learning in the L2 Classroom

Author : Ronald P. Leow
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134587538
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (345 download)

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Book Synopsis Explicit Learning in the L2 Classroom by : Ronald P. Leow

Download or read book Explicit Learning in the L2 Classroom written by Ronald P. Leow and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-02-20 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explicit Learning in the L2 Classroom offers a unique five-prong (theoretical, empirical, methodological, pedagogical, and model building) approach to the issue of explicit learning in the L2 classroom from a student-centered perspective. To achieve this five-prong objective, the book reports the theoretical underpinnings, empirical studies, and the research designs employed in current research to investigate the constructs of attention and awareness in SLA with the objectives to (1) propose a model of the L2 learning process in SLA that accounts for the cognitive processes employed during this process and (2) provide pedagogical and curricular implications for the L2 classroom. The book also provides a comprehensive treatise of research methodology that is aimed at not only underscoring the major features of conducting robust research designs with high levels of internal validity but also preparing teachers to become critical readers of published empirical research.

The Oxford Handbook of Attention

Author : Kia Nobre
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 019882467X
Total Pages : 1260 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (988 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Attention by : Kia Nobre

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Attention written by Kia Nobre and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 1260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last three decades, there have been enormous advances in our understanding of the neural mechanisms of selective attention at the network as well as the cellular level. The Oxford Handbook of Attention brings together the different research areas that constitute contemporary attention research into one comprehensive and authoritative volume. In 40 chapters, it covers the most important aspects of attention research from the areas of cognitive psychology, neuropsychology, human and animal neuroscience, computational modelling, and philosophy. The book is divided into 4 main sections. Following an introduction from Michael Posner, the books starts by looking at theoretical models of attention. The next two sections are dedicated to spatial attention and non-spatial attention respectively. Within section 4, the authors consider the interactions between attention and other psychological domains. The last two sections focus on attention-related disorders, and finally, on computational models of attention. Aimed at both scholars and students, the Oxford Handbook of Attention provides a concise and state-of-the-art review of the current literature in this field.

The Influence of Attention, Learning, and Motivation on Visual Search

Author : Michael D. Dodd
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461447941
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (614 download)

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Book Synopsis The Influence of Attention, Learning, and Motivation on Visual Search by : Michael D. Dodd

Download or read book The Influence of Attention, Learning, and Motivation on Visual Search written by Michael D. Dodd and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-09 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Influence of Attention, Learning, and Motivation on Visual Search will bring together distinguished authors who are conducting cutting edge research on the many factors that influence search behavior. These factors will include low-level feature detection; statistical learning; scene perception; neural mechanisms of attention; and applied research in real world settings.

Categorical and Coordinate Processing Within a Visual Search Paradigm

Author : Peter Naegele
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 100 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (398 download)

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Book Synopsis Categorical and Coordinate Processing Within a Visual Search Paradigm by : Peter Naegele

Download or read book Categorical and Coordinate Processing Within a Visual Search Paradigm written by Peter Naegele and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

From Perception to Consciousness

Author : Jeremy Wolfe
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 019973433X
Total Pages : 439 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (997 download)

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Book Synopsis From Perception to Consciousness by : Jeremy Wolfe

Download or read book From Perception to Consciousness written by Jeremy Wolfe and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-05-24 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume includes seminal articles published throughout Anne Treisman's scientific career, which are accompanied by chapters from key figures in the field today. These demonstrate the breadth and depth of her influence on research and theory from psychology to vision and auditory sciences.

Contextual Cueing in Moving Scenes

Author : Adam Trent Robinson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 38 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (12 download)

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Book Synopsis Contextual Cueing in Moving Scenes by : Adam Trent Robinson

Download or read book Contextual Cueing in Moving Scenes written by Adam Trent Robinson and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are a number of different processes involved while performing a visual search task. One likely process involves learning spatial regularities in our surroundings. Contextual cueing reflects a form of associative learning between a target location and its surrounding environmental context through repeated exposure to consistent spatial orientation. Research on the phenomenon as it applies to a real world search has been limited by several choices in research methodology. The current study addresses this problem by incorporating dynamic, multicolored, and complex videos that allow for more accurate conclusions about the realistic applications of contextual cueing effects to be drawn. Participants (N =62) completed a search task while viewing videos taken from a virtual environment. Videos were either experienced once or multiple times throughout the experiment. Results showed that participants were able to locate a target object within the repeated videos faster than in novel videos. It appears that target-context associations can be formed under dynamic conditions using realistic stimuli. Implications for wayfinding, along with underlying cognitive processes, are discussed.

Real-scene Contextual Cueing

Author : Allison L. Thomas Scrivner-Limbaugh
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 64 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (936 download)

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Book Synopsis Real-scene Contextual Cueing by : Allison L. Thomas Scrivner-Limbaugh

Download or read book Real-scene Contextual Cueing written by Allison L. Thomas Scrivner-Limbaugh and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation was designed to study the impact of stable and unstable landmarks on repeated visual search tasks involving real-scene displays relative to no background displays in a contextual cueing procedure. Contextual cueing, a repeated visual search task, involves implicit learning through associative relationships between a set of distractors and a target location (Chun and Jiang, 1998). Stable landmarks, defined as unmoving, reliable landmarks were items like benches, road signs, and a large fountain. Unstable items, defined as capable of movement and therefore unreliable landmarks, consisted of a cat, people, and other animals. Typically contextual cueing tasks involve repeated exposures to a set of displays over several blocks in the learning phase. In a test phase, participants encounter unseen displays with random target locations. The current study involved two experiments. Experiment 1 contained real-scene displays where participants searched similar park scenes for a predetermined target amongst stable and unstable distractors. In the test phase, the stable distractors were removed in one condition, and in another, only the unstable distractors were removed. Experiment 2 was identical, although there were no real-scene backgrounds. It was predicted that participants would respond faster to the stable condition, where stable landmarks would help to predict the location of the target. The general hypothesis was that inherent stable objects such water fountains, benches, and road signs would be more informative about the location of other objects in a scene than would relative unstable objects that could move to different locations or completely out of the scene on their own such as animals or people. Overall, there was a difference in the degree to which stable and unstable objects influence performance to repeated relative to novel displays. In fact, this difference was observed for stable vs unstable objects encountered in real world scenes and those presented against a solid background. As such, the difference in the processing of stable vs unstable objects in real world scenes was reflected in a greater cost when unstable objects were removed during the test phase relative to when stable objects were removed. Overall the results indicate that participants struggle with repeated search tasks within real scenes.

The Cambridge Handbook of Applied Perception Research

Author : Robert R. Hoffman
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139993534
Total Pages : 1468 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (399 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cambridge Handbook of Applied Perception Research by : Robert R. Hoffman

Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Applied Perception Research written by Robert R. Hoffman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-01-26 with total page 1468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Cambridge Handbook of Applied Perception Research covers core areas of research in perception with an emphasis on its application to real-world environments. Topics include multisensory processing of information, time perception, sustained attention, and signal detection, as well as pedagogical issues surrounding the training of applied perception researchers. In addition to familiar topics, such as perceptual learning, the Handbook focuses on emerging areas of importance, such as human-robot coordination, haptic interfaces, and issues facing societies in the twenty-first century (such as terrorism and threat detection, medical errors, and the broader implications of automation). Organized into sections representing major areas of theoretical and practical importance for the application of perception psychology to human performance and the design and operation of human-technology interdependence, it also addresses the challenges to basic research, including the problem of quantifying information, defining cognitive resources, and theoretical advances in the nature of attention and perceptual processes.

The Handbook of Attention

Author : Jonathan Fawcett
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262331896
Total Pages : 695 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis The Handbook of Attention by : Jonathan Fawcett

Download or read book The Handbook of Attention written by Jonathan Fawcett and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2015-11-27 with total page 695 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An authoritative overview of current research on human attention, emphasizing the relation between cognitive phenomena observed in the laboratory and in the real world. Laboratory research on human attention has often been conducted under conditions that bear little resemblance to the complexity of our everyday lives. Although this research has yielded interesting discoveries, few scholars have truly connected these findings to natural experiences. This book bridges the gap between “laboratory and life” by bringing together cutting-edge research using traditional methodologies with research that focuses on attention in everyday contexts. It offers definitive reviews by both established and rising research stars on foundational topics such as visual attention and cognitive control, underrepresented domains such as auditory and temporal attention, and emerging areas of investigation such as mind wandering and embodied attention. The contributors discuss a range of approaches and methodologies, including psychophysics, mental chronometry, stationary and mobile eye-tracking, and electrophysiological and functional brain imaging. Chapters on everyday attention consider such diverse activities as driving, shopping, reading, multitasking, and playing videogames. All chapters present their topics in the same overall format: historical context, current research, the possible integration of laboratory and real-world approaches, future directions, and key and outstanding issues. Contributors Richard A. Abrams, Lewis Baker, Daphne Bavelier, Virginia Best, Adam B. Blake, Paul W. Burgess, Alan D. Castel, Karen Collins, Mike J. Dixon, Sidney K. D'Mello, Julia Föcker, Charles L. Folk, Tom Foulsham, Jonathan A. Fugelsang, Bradley S. Gibson, Matthias S. Gobel, Davood G. Gozli, Arthur C. Graesser, Peter A. Hancock, Kevin A. Harrigan, Simone G. Heideman, Cristy Ho, Roxane J. Itier, Gustav Kuhn, Michael F. Land, Mallorie Leinenger, Daniel Levin, Steven J. Luck, Gerald Matthews, Daniel Memmert, Stephen Monsell, Meeneley Nazarian, Anna C. Nobre, Andrew M. Olney, Kerri Pickel, Jay Pratt, Keith Rayner, Daniel C. Richardson, Evan F. Risko, Barbara Shinn-Cunningham, Vivian Siu, Jonathan Smallwood, Charles Spence, David Strayer, Pedro Sztybel, Benjamin W. Tatler, Eric T. Taylor, Jeff Templeton, Robert Teszka, Michel Wedel, Blaire J. Weidler, Lisa Wojtowicz, Jeremy M. Wolfe, Geoffrey F. Woodman

Integrated Models of Cognitive Systems

Author : Wayne D. Gray
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0195189191
Total Pages : 496 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (951 download)

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Book Synopsis Integrated Models of Cognitive Systems by : Wayne D. Gray

Download or read book Integrated Models of Cognitive Systems written by Wayne D. Gray and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2007-04-19 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of cognitive modeling has progressed beyond modeling cognition in the context of simple laboratory tasks and begun to attack the problem of modeling it in more complex, realistic environments, such as those studied by researchers in the field of human factors. The problems that the cognitive modeling community is tackling focus on modeling certain problems of communication and control that arise when integrating with the external environment factors such as implicit and explicit knowledge, emotion, cognition, and the cognitive system. These problems must be solved in order to produce integrated cognitive models of moderately complex tasks. Architectures of cognition in these tasks focus on the control of a central system, which includes control of the central processor itself, initiation of functional processes, such as visual search and memory retrieval, and harvesting the results of these functional processes. Because the control of the central system is conceptually different from the internal control required by individual functional processes, a complete architecture of cognition must incorporate two types of theories of control: Type 1 theories of the structure, functionality, and operation of the controller, and type 2 theories of the internal control of functional processes, including how and what they communicate to the controller. This book presents the current state of the art for both types of theories, as well as contrasts among current approaches to human-performance models. It will be an important resource for professional and student researchers in cognitive science, cognitive-engineering, and human-factors.Contributors: Kevin A. Gluck, Jerry T. Ball, Michael A. Krusmark, Richard W. Pew, Chris R. Sims, Vladislav D. Veksler, John R. Anderson, Ron Sun, Nicholas L. Cassimatis, Randy J. Brou, Andrew D. Egerton, Stephanie M. Doane, Christopher W. Myers, Hansjorg Neth, Jeremy M Wolfe, Marc Pomplun, Ronald A. Rensink, Hansjorg Neth, Chris R. Sims, Peter M. Todd, Lael J. Schooler, Wai-Tat Fu, Michael C. Mozer, Sachiko Kinoshita, Michael Shettel, Alex Kirlik, Vladislav D. Veksler, Michael J. Schoelles, Jerome R. Busemeyer, Eric Dimperio, Ryan K. Jessup, Jonathan Gratch, Stacy Marsella, Glenn Gunzelmann, Kevin A. Gluck, Scott Price, Hans P. A. Van Dongen, David F. Dinges, Frank E. Ritter, Andrew L. Reifers, Laura Cousino Klein, Michael J. Schoelles, Eva Hudlicka, Hansjorg Neth, Christopher W. Myers, Dana Ballard, Nathan Sprague, Laurence T. Maloney, Julia Trommershauser, Michael S. Landy, A. Hornof, Michael J. Schoelles, David Kieras, Dario D. Salvucci, Niels Taatgen, Erik M. Altmann, Richard A. Carlson, Andrew Howes, Richard L. Lewis, Alonso Vera, Richard P. Cooper, and Michael D. Byrne

The Oxford Companion to Consciousness

Author : Tim Bayne
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191021032
Total Pages : 670 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Companion to Consciousness by : Tim Bayne

Download or read book The Oxford Companion to Consciousness written by Tim Bayne and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2014-02-27 with total page 670 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Consciousness is undoubtedly one of the last remaining scientific mysteries and hence one of the greatest contemporary scientific challenges. How does the brain's activity result in the rich phenomenology that characterizes our waking life? Are animals conscious? Why did consciousness evolve? How does science proceed to answer such questions? Can we define what consciousness is? Can we measure it? Can we use experimental results to further our understanding of disorders of consciousness, such as those seen in schizophrenia, delirium, or altered states of consciousness? These questions are at the heart of contemporary research in the domain. Answering them requires a fundamentally interdisciplinary approach that engages not only philosophers, but also neuroscientists and psychologists in a joint effort to develop novel approaches that reflect both the stunning recent advances in imaging methods as well as the continuing refinement of our concepts of consciousness. In this light, the Oxford Companion to Consciousness is the most complete authoritative survey of contemporary research on consciousness. Five years in the making and including over 250 concise entries written by leaders in the field, the volume covers both fundamental knowledge as well as more recent advances in this rapidly changing domain. Structured as an easy-to-use dictionary and extensively cross-referenced, the Companion offers contributions from philosophy of mind to neuroscience, from experimental psychology to clinical findings, so reflecting the profoundly interdisciplinary nature of the domain. Particular care has been taken to ensure that each of the entries is accessible to the general reader and that the overall volume represents a comprehensive snapshot of the contemporary study of consciousness. The result is a unique compendium that will prove indispensable to anyone interested in consciousness, from beginning students wishing to clarify a concept to professional consciousness researchers looking for the best characterization of a particular phenomenon.

Attentional Capture

Author : Bradley S. Gibson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)

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Book Synopsis Attentional Capture by : Bradley S. Gibson

Download or read book Attentional Capture written by Bradley S. Gibson and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The notion that certain mental or physical events can capture attention has been one of the most enduring topics in the study of attention owing to the importance of understanding how goal-directed and stimulus-driven processes interact in perception and cognition. Despite the clear theoretical and applied importance of attentional capture, a broad survey of this field suggests that the term "capture" means different things to different people. In some cases, it refers to covert shifts of spatial attention, in others involuntary saccades, and in still others general disruption of processing by irrelevant stimuli. The properties that elicit "capture" can also range from abruptly onset or moving lights, to discontinuities in textures, to unexpected tones, to emotionally valenced words or pictures, to directional signs and symbols. Attentional capture has been explored in both the spatial and temporal domains as well as the visual and auditory modalities. There are also a number of different theoretical perspectives on the mechanisms underlying "capture" (both functional and neurophysiological) and the level of cognitive control over capture. This special issue provides a sampling of the diversity of approaches, domains, and theoretical perspectives that currently exist in the study of attentional capture. Together, these contributions should help evaluate the degree to which attentional capture represents a unitary construct that reflects fundamental theoretical principles and mechanisms of the mind.