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Capteur A Fibre Optique A Gradient Dindice Inverse Base Sur La Resonance Plasmon De Surface
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Book Synopsis Capteur à fibre optique à gradient d'indice inversé basé sur la résonance plasmon de surface by : Fabrice Bardin
Download or read book Capteur à fibre optique à gradient d'indice inversé basé sur la résonance plasmon de surface written by Fabrice Bardin and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ce mémoire présente l'étude d'un capteur chimique à fibre optique à gradient d'indice inversé basé sur la résonance de plasmons de surface. Des dispositifs optiques à prisme ou mettant en jeu des fibres optiques classiques en silice utilisant cette technique de mesure sont déjà commercialisés. L'objectif de notre travail a été de caractériser théoriquement et expérimentalement un nouveau type de fibre optique permettant d'accroître les performances de ce capteur et d'en simplifier l'instrumentation. Un état de l'art des capteurs à plasmons de surface est présenté. Les structures basées sur une fibre optique (unimodale, multimodale) font l'objet d'une présentation détaillée mettant en évidence les caractéristiques des montages employés ainsi que leurs performances respectives. Nous avons cherché à déterminer le profil d'indice de réfraction du cœur de la fibre rendant les angles d'incidence à l'interface cœur-gaine quasiment égaux quels que soient les rayons se propageant dans la fibre. Ceci a été réalisé en utilisant une source lumineuse ponctuelle monochromatique positionnée dans l'axe et à une distance définie de l'entrée de la fibre. Le profil idéal présente un gradient d'indice inversé très proche d'un profil parabolique inversé pour lequel l'indice est minimal au centre du cœur de la fibre. Une description des caractéristiques de cette fibre comprenant l'étude de la propagation des rayons a été réalisée. Le phénomène de plasmon de surface est ensuite décrit, de manière générale puis ses conditions d'excitation dans la fibre employée sont étudiées. Une étude expérimentale et théorique a été menée sur les paramètres les plus influents du capteur (nature et épaisseur du métal, position de la source, etc.) La présentation de 2 applications pratiques (détection de traces de toluène dans un milieu aqueux et étude en temps réel du mécanisme de formation d'une monocouche auto-assemblée) montre les champs d'applications du dispositif optique simple développé.
Book Synopsis Développement de capteurs à fibre optique basés sur la résonance de plasmon de surface pour la détection physique, chimique et biologique by : Wenbin Lin
Download or read book Développement de capteurs à fibre optique basés sur la résonance de plasmon de surface pour la détection physique, chimique et biologique written by Wenbin Lin and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Il est bien connu que la résonance de plasmon de surface (SPR) d'une onde électromagnétique de surface peut être utilisée en tant que sonde optique sensible à de faibles variations intervenant à l'interface métal/diélectrique. La configuration de Kreschmann basée sur un prisme est traditionnellement employée pour exciter et détecter le phénomène SPR. En 1993, le premier capteur SPR à fibre optique a été réalisé par R.C. Jorgenson et S.S. Yee et a été ensuite commercialisé par la société Biacore (Suède). Le capteur SPR à fibre optique présente un certain nombre d'avantages sur le système Kreschmann tels que sa faible taille, son faible coût et la possibilité de détection déportée. Un capteur SPR à fibre optique multimodale plus simple, utilisant l'injection oblique d'une lumière monochromatique collimatée, a été développé au laboratoire TSI de l'université Jean-Monnet de Saint-Etienne, en 1996. Utilisant l'argent pour induire le phénomène SPR d'une lumière à la longueur d'onde 670 nm, le capteur à fibre optique est un réfractomètre fonctionnant dans la gamme d'indice optique 1,35-1,40. Ce mémoire de thèse est constitué de cinq articles visant à développer ce type de capteur à fibre optique pour les applications physique, chimique et biologique. Le premier article traite de la modification de la gamme d'indice mesurable, afin d'être capable de fonctionner dans des systèmes chimiques et biologiques, dont les indices de réfraction sont compris entre 1,33 et 1,36. Les relations entre les paramètres de structure et de matériau, de la configuration multicouche pour l'excitation du SPR, ont été déduites de la théorie. La technique sol-gel est utilisée pour fabriquer un revêtement d'acétate de zirconium de quelques dizaines de nanomètres. La fiabilité est augmentée par une protection constituée d'une monocouche auto-assemblée de thiol longue chaîne qui empêche l'oxydation de l'argent. Ce premier article a été soumis à la revue Thin Solid Films. Les variations spatiales du vecteur champ électrique au cours de la propagation des rayons non méridiens dans la fibre multimodale sont étudiées dans le second article accepté pour publication dans la revue Sensors and Actuators A. Un modèle 3D précis a été établi permettant d'expliquer le phénomène expérimental observé sur l'influence de la direction de polarisation de la lumière incidente par rapport à la face d'entrée de la fibre. Les signaux du capteur provenant de l'adsorption d'une très fine couche diélectrique sur la surface du métal ou d'une très faible variation de l'indice de réfraction dans le milieu de mesure peuvent alors être interprétés quantitativement. L'article suivant, accepté pour publication à la revue Applied Optics, propose une méthode directe pour déterminer l'épaisseur et les constantes optiques d'un film mince de métal déposé sur le cœur de la fibre, par simple mesure de la réponse du capteur à fibre optique. L'intérêt de ce travail vient des difficultés rencontrées dans la caractérisation des films métalliques avec des surfaces courbes en utilisant des techniques optiques conventionnelles telles que la réflectométrie et l'ellipsométrie. Un nouveau moyen optique capable de suivre in-situ la formation d'une monocouche auto-assemblée d'alkylthiol est présenté dans le quatrième article, soumis au Journal of Chemical Physics. L'application de la technique SPR à fibre optique pour étudier les monocouches auto-assemblées, l'observation directe et la description du phénomène d'inclinaison des chaînes lors de l'auto-assemblage de la monocouche d'alkylthiol, à notre connaissance, n'a jamais été rapporté auparavant dans la littérature. La bonne sensibilité observée montre que notre approche du système à fibre optique est plus adaptée que l'ellipsométrie et que le système SPR à prisme pour suivre les variations sur la totalité d'un film diélectrique. Le dernier article, soumis au Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, est consacré au développement d'un biocapteur basé sur le système à fibre optique pour suivre des interactions entre biomolécules. Avec une très simple configuration, cet immunocapteur a montré de bonnes performances en sensibilité et en spécificité, comparé à l'appareil commercialisé par Biacore qui est beaucoup plus complexe et cher. Ce travail constitue un excellent départ vers le développement d'une immunosonde pour des immunoessais sans marqueur. Ces cinq articles sont indépendants mais complémentaires l'un de l'autre. Les conditions pour lesquelles le SPR peut être excité sur une géométrie multicouche, obtenues dans le premier article, fournissent une base théorique pour le choix de la longueur d'onde de la lumière ou pour la gamme d'indice du milieu environnant lorsque l'or est utilisé et se retrouve dans les autres articles. Les études du modèle 3D précis, présenté dans le second article, pour simuler les performances des capteurs à fibre optique, permettent ensuite de caractériser le film métallique (dans le troisième article), la couche chimique adsorbée (dans le quatrième article) et les couches biomoléculaires (dans le cinquième article). De plus, la mesure des propriétés du film métallique dans le troisième article, permet de détecter avec succès, la monocouche auto-assemblée d'alkylthiol adsorbée sur la surface du métal (en référence au quatrième article). Les déterminations des caractéristiques du film d'or et de la couche de thiol sont nécessaires pour caractériser le film d'anticorps et la couche d'anticorps-antigène après la réaction d'affinité. Un biocapteur basé sur un système SPR à fibre optique a donc été réalisé et est présenté dans le cinquième article. Ce biocapteur a été conçu, élaboré et caractérisé couche par couche.
Book Synopsis Flexoelectricity in Liquid Crystals by : Agnes Buka
Download or read book Flexoelectricity in Liquid Crystals written by Agnes Buka and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2013 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book intends to give a state-of-the-art overview of flexoelectricity, a linear physical coupling between mechanical (orientational) deformations and electric polarization, which is specific to systems with orientational order, such as liquid crystals. Chapters written by experts in the field shed light on theoretical as well as experimental aspects of research carried out since the discovery of flexoelectricity. Besides a common macroscopic (continuum) description the microscopic theory of flexoelectricity is also addressed. Electro-optic effects due to or modified by flexoelectricity as well as various (direct and indirect) measurement methods are discussed. Special emphasis is given to the role of flexoelectricity in pattern-forming instabilities. While the main focus of the book lies in flexoelectricity in nematic liquid crystals, peculiarities of other mesophases (bent-core systems, cholesterics, and smectics) are also reviewed. Flexoelectricity has relevance to biological (living) systems and can also offer possibilities for technical applications. The basics of these two interdisciplinary fields are also summarized.
Book Synopsis Mean-Field Magnetohydrodynamics and Dynamo Theory by : F. Krause
Download or read book Mean-Field Magnetohydrodynamics and Dynamo Theory written by F. Krause and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-01-22 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mean-Field Magnetohydrodynamics and Dynamo Theory provides a systematic introduction to mean-field magnetohydrodynamics and the dynamo theory, along with the results achieved. Topics covered include turbulence and large-scale structures; general properties of the turbulent electromotive force; homogeneity, isotropy, and mirror symmetry of turbulent fields; and turbulent electromotive force in the case of non-vanishing mean flow. The turbulent electromotive force in the case of rotational mean motion is also considered. This book is comprised of 17 chapters and opens with an overview of the general concept of mean-field magnetohydrodynamics, followed by a discussion on the back-reaction of the magnetic field on motion; the structure of the turbulent electromotive force; homogeneous and two-scale turbulence; turbulent electromotive force in the case of rotational mean motion; and the dynamo problem of magnetohydrodynamics. The dynamo theory, which is based on mean-field magnetohydrodynamics, is explained and its applications to cosmical objects are described. The remaining chapters explore toroidal and poloidal vector fields; a simple model of an a-effect dynamo; and spherical models of turbulent dynamos as suggested by cosmical bodies. This monograph will be of interest to physicists.
Book Synopsis Modern Surface Organometallic Chemistry by : Jean-Marie Basset
Download or read book Modern Surface Organometallic Chemistry written by Jean-Marie Basset and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-07-10 with total page 725 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering everything from the basics to recent applications, this monograph represents an advanced overview of the field. Edited by internationally acclaimed experts respected throughout the community, the book is clearly divided into sections on fundamental and applied surface organometallic chemistry. Backed by numerous examples from the recent literature, this is a key reference for all chemists.
Book Synopsis Organic Solid-State Lasers by : Sébastien Forget
Download or read book Organic Solid-State Lasers written by Sébastien Forget and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-07-03 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organic lasers are broadly tunable coherent sources, potentially compact, convenient and manufactured at low-costs. Appeared in the mid 60’s as solid-state alternatives for liquid dye lasers, they recently gained a new dimension after the demonstration of organic semiconductor lasers in the 90's. More recently, new perspectives appeared at the nanoscale, with organic polariton and surface plasmon lasers. After a brief reminder to laser physics, a first chapter exposes what makes organic solid-state organic lasers specific. The laser architectures used in organic lasers are then reviewed, with a state-of-the-art review of the performances of devices with regard to output power, threshold, lifetime, beam quality etc. A survey of the recent trends in the field is given, highlighting the latest developments with a special focus on the challenges remaining for achieving direct electrical pumping of organic semiconductor lasers. A last chapter covers the applications of organic solid-state lasers.
Book Synopsis Giant Magnetoresistance (GMR) Sensors by : Candid Reig
Download or read book Giant Magnetoresistance (GMR) Sensors written by Candid Reig and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-06 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the discovery of the giant magnetoresistance (GMR) effect in 1988, spintronics has been presented as a new technology paradigm, awarded by the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2007. Initially used in read heads of hard disk drives, and while disputing a piece of the market to the flash memories, GMR devices have broadened their range of usage by growing towards magnetic field sensing applications in a huge range of scenarios. Potential applications at the time of the discovery have become real in the last two decades. Definitively, GMR was born to stand. In this sense, selected successful approaches of GMR based sensors in different applications: space, automotive, microelectronics, biotechnology ... are collected in the present book. While keeping a practical orientation, the fundamentals as well as the current trends and challenges of this technology are also analyzed. In this sense, state of the art contributions from academy and industry can be found through the contents. This book can be used by starting researchers, postgraduate students and multidisciplinary scientists in order to have a reference text in this topical fascinating field.
Book Synopsis Soft Computing Techniques in Engineering, Health, Mathematical and Social Sciences by : Pradip Debnath
Download or read book Soft Computing Techniques in Engineering, Health, Mathematical and Social Sciences written by Pradip Debnath and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-07-15 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soft computing techniques are no longer limited to the arena of computer science. The discipline has an exponentially growing demand in other branches of science and engineering and even into health and social science. This book contains theory and applications of soft computing in engineering, health, and social and applied sciences. Different soft computing techniques such as artificial neural networks, fuzzy systems, evolutionary algorithms and hybrid systems are discussed. It also contains important chapters in machine learning and clustering. This book presents a survey of the existing knowledge and also the current state of art development through original new contributions from the researchers. This book may be used as a one-stop reference book for a broad range of readers worldwide interested in soft computing. In each chapter, the preliminaries have been presented first and then the advanced discussion takes place. Learners and researchers from a wide variety of backgrounds will find several useful tools and techniques to develop their soft computing skills. This book is meant for graduate students, faculty and researchers willing to expand their knowledge in any branch of soft computing. The readers of this book will require minimum prerequisites of undergraduate studies in computation and mathematics.
Book Synopsis Hydrodynamic Bearings by : Dominique Bonneau
Download or read book Hydrodynamic Bearings written by Dominique Bonneau and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-08-08 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Series provides the necessary elements to the development and validation of numerical prediction models for hydrodynamic bearings. This book describes the rheological models and the equations of lubrication. It also presents the numerical approaches used to solve the above equations by finite differences, finite volumes and finite elements methods.
Book Synopsis Laser: 50 Years Of Discoveries by : Fabien Bretenaker
Download or read book Laser: 50 Years Of Discoveries written by Fabien Bretenaker and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2014-10-27 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique book provides an overview of the principle and applications of lasers enriched with numerous illustrations.Being over fifty years old, lasers continue to amaze us. Their performance characteristics are constantly reaching new limits, and the scope of their applications continues to expand. Yet, it took years of effort by teams of physicists to transform the fundamental notions of Einstein into the first experimental beam of laser light. And history is still going on as fundamental research is now triggered by its remarkable properties.This book addresses every aspects of laser light, from its fundamental principles to its industrial applications, at a level particularly suited for high school teachers, students, and anybody curious about science and technology.
Book Synopsis Nonlinear Optical Materials by : Jerome V. Moloney
Download or read book Nonlinear Optical Materials written by Jerome V. Moloney and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1998-08-13 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mathematical methods play a significant role in the rapidly growing field of nonlinear optical materials. This volume discusses a number of successful or promising contributions. The overall theme of this volume is twofold: (1) the challenges faced in computing and optimizing nonlinear optical material properties; and (2) the exploitation of these properties in important areas of application. These include the design of optical amplifiers and lasers, as well as novel optical switches. Research topics in this volume include how to exploit the magnetooptic effect, how to work with the nonlinear optical response of materials, how to predict laser-induced breakdown in efficient optical devices, and how to handle electron cloud distortion in femtosecond processes.
Book Synopsis Optical Fiber Sensor Technology by : L.S. Grattan
Download or read book Optical Fiber Sensor Technology written by L.S. Grattan and published by Springer. This book was released on 1999-04-30 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental and chemical sensors in optical fiber sensor technology The nature of the environment in which we live and work, and the precarious state of many aspects of the natural environment, has been a major lesson for scientists over the last few decades. Public awareness of the issues involved is high, and often coupled with a scepticism of the ability of the scientist and engineer to provide an adequate, or even rapid solution to the preservation of the environment before further damage is done, and to achieve this with a mini mum of expenditure. Monitoring of the various aspects of the environment, whether it be external or internal to ourselves and involving chemical, physical or biomedical parameters is an essential process for the well-being of mankind and of the individual. Legis lative requirements set new standards for measurement and control all around us, which must be met by the most appropriate of the technologies available, commensurate with the costs involved. Optical fiber sensor technology has a major part to play in this process, both to complement existing technologies and to promote new solutions to difficult measurement issues. The developments in new sources and detectors covering wider ranges of the electromagnetic spectrum, with higher sensitivity, allow the use of techniques that some time ago would have been considered inappropriate or lacking in sufficient sensitivity.
Book Synopsis Spectrum Sharing by : Constantinos B. Papadias
Download or read book Spectrum Sharing written by Constantinos B. Papadias and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-03-13 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combines the latest trends in spectrum sharing, both from a research and a standards/regulation/experimental standpoint Written by noted professionals from academia, industry, and research labs, this unique book provides a comprehensive treatment of the principles and architectures for spectrum sharing in order to help with the existing and future spectrum crunch issues. It presents readers with the most current standardization trends, including CEPT / CEE, eLSA, CBRS, MulteFire, LTE-Unlicensed (LTE-U), LTE WLAN integration with Internet Protocol security tunnel (LWIP), and LTE/Wi-Fi aggregation (LWA), and offers substantial trials and experimental results, as well as system-level performance evaluation results. The book also includes a chapter focusing on spectrum policy reinforcement and another on the economics of spectrum sharing. Beginning with the historic form of cognitive radio, Spectrum Sharing: The Next Frontier in Wireless Networks continues with current standardized forms of spectrum sharing, and reviews all of the technical ingredients that may arise in spectrum sharing approaches. It also looks at policy and implementation aspects and ponders the future of the field. White spaces and data base-assisted spectrum sharing are discussed, as well as the licensed shared access approach and cooperative communication techniques. The book also covers reciprocity-based beam forming techniques for spectrum sharing in MIMO networks; resource allocation for shared spectrum networks; large scale wireless spectrum monitoring; and much more. Contains all the latest standardization trends, such as CEPT / ECC, eLSA, CBRS, MulteFire, LTE-Unlicensed (LTE-U), LTE WLAN integration with Internet Protocol security tunnel (LWIP) and LTE/Wi-Fi aggregation (LWA) Presents a number of emerging technologies for future spectrum sharing (collaborative sensing, cooperative communication, reciprocity-based beamforming, etc.), as well as novel spectrum sharing paradigms (e.g. in full duplex and radar systems) Includes substantial trials and experimental results, as well as system-level performance evaluation results Contains a dedicated chapter on spectrum policy reinforcement and one on the economics of spectrum sharing Edited by experts in the field, and featuring contributions by respected professionals in the field world wide Spectrum Sharing: The Next Frontier in Wireless Networks is highly recommended for graduate students and researchers working in the areas of wireless communications and signal processing engineering. It would also benefit radio communications engineers and practitioners.
Book Synopsis 2019 15th International Conference on Emerging Technologies (ICET) by : IEEE Staff
Download or read book 2019 15th International Conference on Emerging Technologies (ICET) written by IEEE Staff and published by . This book was released on 2019-12-02 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The conference aims at providing a platform for fostering research collaborations among research community of the region The objective is to initiate research and development projects related to Key Information Technologies focus areas outlined in the keywords, particularly in the technology and engineering sector
Download or read book Self-organised written by Stine Hebert and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Exploring one of the most influential methods of contemporary cultural production, Self-Organised takes a broad view on the matter. Artists, curators and critics discuss empirical and theoretical approaches from Europe, Africa and South and North America to how self-organisation today oscillates between the self and the group, self-imposed bureaucratisation and flexibilism, aestheticisation and activism. The contributors identify now as a crucial moment to propose ways forward for parallel initiatives and institutions alike: from de-organisation and waiting, to rupture and coexistence of aesthetics and politics. However, what they all seem to share is a refreshing search for critical platforms of citizenship, harnessing self-determination in the wake of neo-liberal mainstreaming and right-wing populism alike." --> z ov.
Download or read book 5G and Beyond written by Xingqin Lin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-25 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an accessible and comprehensive tutorial on the key enabling technologies for 5G and beyond, covering both the fundamentals and the state-of-the-art 5G standards. The book begins with a historical overview of the evolution of cellular technologies and addresses the questions on why 5G and what is 5G. Following this, six tutorial chapters describe the fundamental technology components for 5G and beyond. These include modern advancements in channel coding, multiple access, massive multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO), network densification, unmanned aerial vehicle enabled cellular networks, and 6G wireless systems. The second part of this book consists of five chapters that introduce the basics of 5G New Radio (NR) standards developed by 3GPP. These include 5G architecture, protocols, and physical layer aspects. The third part of this book provides an overview of the key 5G NR evolution directions. These directions include ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) enhancements, operation in unlicensed spectrum, positioning, integrated access and backhaul, air-to-ground communication, and non-terrestrial networks with satellite communication.
Book Synopsis Dynamics and Control of Underactuated Multibody Spacecraft by : Sangbum Cho
Download or read book Dynamics and Control of Underactuated Multibody Spacecraft written by Sangbum Cho and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
