Business Networks In Syria

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Business Networks in Syria

Author : Bassam Haddad
Publisher : Stanford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780804785068
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Business Networks in Syria by : Bassam Haddad

Download or read book Business Networks in Syria written by Bassam Haddad and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2012-08-15 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Collusion between business communities and the state can lead to a measure of security for those in power, but this kind of interaction often limits new development. In Syria, state-business involvement through informal networks has contributed to an erratic economy. With unique access to private businessmen and select state officials during a critical period of transition, this book examines Syria's political economy from 1970 to 2005 to explain the nation's pattern of state intervention and prolonged economic stagnation. As state income from oil sales and aid declined, collusion was a bid for political security by an embattled regime. To achieve a modicum of economic growth, the Syrian regime would develop ties with select members of the business community, reserving the right to reverse their inclusion in the future. Haddad ultimately reveals that this practice paved the way for forms of economic agency that maintained the security of the regime but diminished the development potential of the state and the private sector.

Business Networks in Syria

Author : Bassam S. A. Haddad
Publisher : Stanford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0804778418
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Business Networks in Syria by : Bassam S. A. Haddad

Download or read book Business Networks in Syria written by Bassam S. A. Haddad and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2011-12-07 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Collusion between business communities and the state can lead to a measure of security for those in power, but this kind of interaction often limits new development. In Syria, state-business involvement through informal networks has contributed to an erratic economy. With unique access to private businessmen and select state officials during a critical period of transition, this book examines Syria's political economy from 1970 to 2005 to explain the nation's pattern of state intervention and prolonged economic stagnation. As state income from oil sales and aid declined, collusion was a bid for political security by an embattled regime. To achieve a modicum of economic growth, the Syrian regime would develop ties with select members of the business community, reserving the right to reverse their inclusion in the future. Haddad ultimately reveals that this practice paved the way for forms of economic agency that maintained the security of the regime but diminished the development potential of the state and the private sector.

Syria in Ruins

Author : David S. Sorenson
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 261 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (161 download)

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Book Synopsis Syria in Ruins by : David S. Sorenson

Download or read book Syria in Ruins written by David S. Sorenson and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2016-09-19 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Syria is home to one of the most brutal and protracted civil wars in history, posing a threat to global stability and enabling the expansion of the Islamic State (sometimes called "ISIS"). This in-depth analysis reveals the beginning, present state, and future of this conflict. The current crises involving ISIS have attracted worldwide attention to the complex politics and cultural panorama of the Middle East, including Syria. Political analyst and author David S. Sorenson discusses the ongoing civil war in Syria from its origins, to its key players, and to its propagation into neighboring countries. In the process, the work delves into Syria's demographics, history, economy, and security to illustrate the civil war's impact on the Middle East and the world. This in-depth analysis covers the Assad regime, ISIS's role in the region, possible outcomes of the conflict, and security implications for the country. Starting with a history of Syria, the work identifies the factors that have contributed to the onset and continuation of the civil war, moves on to an analysis of the outbreak and growth of the war, and points out key factors that fueled its intensity. A look at the Islamic State considers the internationalization of the Syrian civil war, explaining how the addition of many parties outside of Syria have made the war more violent and protracted. The book concludes by considering alternative endings for the conflict and addressing the role of world powers in the conflict and its outcome.

Public Health, Mental Health, and Mass Atrocity Prevention

Author : Jocelyn Getgen Kestenbaum
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000414248
Total Pages : 243 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis Public Health, Mental Health, and Mass Atrocity Prevention by : Jocelyn Getgen Kestenbaum

Download or read book Public Health, Mental Health, and Mass Atrocity Prevention written by Jocelyn Getgen Kestenbaum and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-07-29 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This multidisciplinary volume considers the role of both public health and mental health policies and practices in the prevention of mass atrocity, including war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide. The authors address atrocity prevention through the framework of primary (pre-conflict), secondary (mid-conflict), and tertiary (post-conflict) settings. They examine the ways in which public health and mental health scholars and practitioners currently orient their research and interventions and the ways in which we can adapt frameworks, methods, tools, and practice toward a more sophisticated and truly interdisciplinary understanding and application of atrocity prevention. The book brings together diverse fields of study by global north and global south authors in diverse contexts. It culminates in a narrative that demonstrates the state of the current fields on intersecting themes within public health, mental health, and mass atrocity prevention and the future potential directions in which these intersections could go. Such discussions will serve to influence both policy makers and practitioners in these fields toward developing, adapting, and testing frames and tools for atrocity prevention. Multidisciplinary perspectives are represented among editors and authors, including law, political science, international studies, public health, mental health, philosophy, clinical psychology, social psychology, history, and peace studies.

Syria 2011-2013

Author : Azmi Bishara
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 075564543X
Total Pages : 433 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (556 download)

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Book Synopsis Syria 2011-2013 by : Azmi Bishara

Download or read book Syria 2011-2013 written by Azmi Bishara and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2022-12-01 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Azmi Bishara's book on the Syrian Revolution is one of the most comprehensive and profound works on the subject published to date. Translated here into English for the first time, the study examines the complex roots of Syria's political and sectarian conflicts from the day revolution erupted on 15th March 2011 to its descent into civil war in the two years that followed. The book unearths and discusses the very first signs of protests from across Daraa, Hama, Aleppo, Damascus, Raqqa, Deir El Zour, Edlib and Homs, and it deals with Syria's ruralization process and the subsequent economic 'liberalization', which eventually led to the revolt against the Baath party. The work is based on high-level interviews, analysis of the country's socio-economic background, and examination of the Syrian regime's strategy and its political and media discourse. Syria's revolution is chronicled in two stages: the peaceful civil stage and the armed stage. Bishara's analysis first centres on the regime's strategy, unveiling despotism, massacres, kidnapping, sectarian tendencies, jihadist violence, the emergence of warlords, and the chaotic spread of arms. He then turns to the role of the opposition to narrate in detail the events that broke out and exactly how a peaceful protest turned into an armed struggle. The book provides a roadmap to how revolution broke out and is a comprehensive analysis of what drove those early events. Its publication brings renowned Arabic-language scholarship to the English-speaking world.

Networks of Privilege in the Middle East: The Politics of Economic Reform Revisited

Author : S. Heydemann
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1403982147
Total Pages : 334 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (39 download)

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Book Synopsis Networks of Privilege in the Middle East: The Politics of Economic Reform Revisited by : S. Heydemann

Download or read book Networks of Privilege in the Middle East: The Politics of Economic Reform Revisited written by S. Heydemann and published by Springer. This book was released on 2004-08-20 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume explores the role of informal networks in the politics of Middle Eastern economic reform. The editor's introduction demonstrates how network-based models overcome limitations in existing approaches to the politics of economic reform. The following chapters show how business-state networks in Egypt, Morocco, Tunisia, Syria, Lebanon, and Jordan have affected privatization programs and the reform of fiscal policies. They help us understand patterns and variation in the organization and outcome of economic reform programs, including the opportunities that economic reforms offered for reorganizing networks of economic privilege across the Middle East.

The Political Economy of Investment in Syria

Author : Linda Matar
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1137397721
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (373 download)

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Book Synopsis The Political Economy of Investment in Syria by : Linda Matar

Download or read book The Political Economy of Investment in Syria written by Linda Matar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-02-26 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Linda Matar examines Syria's failure to promote employment-generating investment prior to the uprising. Tackling the thorny issue of the inapplicability of modern investment theory to a developing country, she situates the analysis of investment in Syria in its historical context and examines the socioeconomic structure and political preconditions that set the course of capital accumulation. Matar argues that the class in charge of development, which oversaw the allocation of resources during the Hafiz and Bashar Assad regimes, precipitated a crisis of capital accumulation. Difficult-to-access data and information compiled from fieldwork reveal how neoliberal reforms failed to build productive capacity and instead enriched a few through short-term speculative and mercantile ventures. Productive investment in Syria prior to the uprising lurched downward, and the key related socio-economic variables followed. These deteriorating conditions contributed to the social explosion in 2011. Exploring the poor quality and quantity of investment, this study probes how the cant of the free market served as a veneer behind which the institutional decisions distorted income distribution in a way that would inevitably lead to collapse.

Syria from Reform to Revolt

Author : Leif Stenberg
Publisher : Syracuse University Press
ISBN 13 : 0815653514
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (156 download)

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Book Synopsis Syria from Reform to Revolt by : Leif Stenberg

Download or read book Syria from Reform to Revolt written by Leif Stenberg and published by Syracuse University Press. This book was released on 2015-12-01 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As Syria’s anti-authoritarian uprising and subsequent civil war have left the country in ruins, the need for understanding the nation’s complex political and cultural realities remains urgent. The second of a two-volume series, Syria from Reform to Revolt: Culture, Society, and Religion draws together closely observed, critical and historicized analyses, giving vital insights into Syrian society today. With a broad range of disciplinary perspectives, contributors reveal how Bashar al-Asad’s pivotal first decade of rule engendered changes in power relations and public discourse—dynamics that would feed the 2011 protest movement and civil war. Essays focus on key arenas of Syrian social life, including television drama, political fiction, Islamic foundations, and Christian choirs and charities, demonstrating the ways in which Syrians worked with and through the state in attempts to reform, undermine, or sidestep the regime. The contributors explore the paradoxical cultural politics of hope, anticipation, and betrayal that have animated life in Syria under Asad, revealing the fractures that obstruct peaceful transformation. Syria from Reform to Revolt provides a powerful assessment of the conditions that turned Syria’s hopeful Arab spring revolution into a catastrophic civil war that has cost over 200,000 lives and generated the worst humanitarian crisis of the twenty-first century.

Civil War in Syria

Author : Adam Baczko
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 110842080X
Total Pages : 339 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Civil War in Syria by : Adam Baczko

Download or read book Civil War in Syria written by Adam Baczko and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-02-08 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first comprehensive field-based study of the Syrian conflict, introducing a seminal approach to civil wars.

Understanding Contexts Of Business In Western Asia: Land Of Bazaars And High-tech Booms

Author : Leo-paul Dana
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9811229708
Total Pages : 573 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (112 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Contexts Of Business In Western Asia: Land Of Bazaars And High-tech Booms by : Leo-paul Dana

Download or read book Understanding Contexts Of Business In Western Asia: Land Of Bazaars And High-tech Booms written by Leo-paul Dana and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2022-05-05 with total page 573 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Not one size fits all. Yet, some books teach business with minimal focus on the context for business. In reality, firms — large and small — are highly affected by the context in which they operate; yet, context is not uniformly conceptualized, theorized, and operationalized by scholars of business and management. While most theories have come from developed countries with bountiful contexts, the diverse contexts of Western Asia are little understood. Religious factors are profoundly dominant in Western Asia, and businesses in this diverse area operate with considerations that are rarely considered in research. This book reveals a variety of schools of thought that have molded several business models and mechanisms, which are, to some extent, different from the context of Western economies.

Authoritarian Apprehensions

Author : Lisa Wedeen
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022665074X
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (266 download)

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Book Synopsis Authoritarian Apprehensions by : Lisa Wedeen

Download or read book Authoritarian Apprehensions written by Lisa Wedeen and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2019-09-15 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: If the Arab uprisings initially heralded the end of tyrannies and a move toward liberal democratic governments, their defeat not only marked a reversal but was of a piece with emerging forms of authoritarianism worldwide. In Authoritarian Apprehensions, Lisa Wedeen draws on her decades-long engagement with Syria to offer an erudite and compassionate analysis of this extraordinary rush of events—the revolutionary exhilaration of the initial days of unrest and then the devastating violence that shattered hopes of any quick undoing of dictatorship. Developing a fresh, insightful, and theoretically imaginative approach to both authoritarianism and conflict, Wedeen asks, What led a sizable part of the citizenry to stick by the regime through one atrocity after another? What happens to political judgment in a context of pervasive misinformation? And what might the Syrian example suggest about how authoritarian leaders exploit digital media to create uncertainty, political impasses, and fractures among their citizens? Drawing on extensive fieldwork and a variety of Syrian artistic practices, Wedeen lays bare the ideological investments that sustain ambivalent attachments to established organizations of power and contribute to the ongoing challenge of pursuing political change. This masterful book is a testament to Wedeen’s deep engagement with some of the most troubling concerns of our political present and future.

The syrian force displacement in the middle east

Author : Siqiao Liang
Publisher : Metrópolis Libros
ISBN 13 : 6316505523
Total Pages : 315 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (165 download)

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Book Synopsis The syrian force displacement in the middle east by : Siqiao Liang

Download or read book The syrian force displacement in the middle east written by Siqiao Liang and published by Metrópolis Libros. This book was released on 2024-01-08 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In early 2011, the Syrian civil war erupted. Numerous militias emerged. Civilians died. People fled. In the past decade, Syrians have become the biggest group of refugees in the world. Most of the displaced Syrians live within the Middle East region. This book asks two big questions: first, what are the challenges for Syrian refugees in Jordan, Lebanon, and Turkey toreturn to Syria and how can they be overcome? Second, what are the livelihood challenges for Syrian refugees in these countries and how can they be overcome? The Syrian Forced Displacement in the Middle East is an exhaustive essay based on more than two hundred days of fieldwork in Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, and Turkey through interviews with more than a thousand refugees and locals, as well as officials from government, nongovernment, and international organizations between 2019 and 2023. It narrates Syrians' refugeehood and suggests steps to move forward in the issues of refugee protection and refugee return.

Actors and Dynamics in the Syrian Conflict's Middle Phase

Author : Jasmine K. Gani
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 100054592X
Total Pages : 452 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis Actors and Dynamics in the Syrian Conflict's Middle Phase by : Jasmine K. Gani

Download or read book Actors and Dynamics in the Syrian Conflict's Middle Phase written by Jasmine K. Gani and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-03-18 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume covers the "middle" time period of the Syrian uprising, roughly from 2012 when Syria’s peaceful protest began to mutate into a violent insurgency and civil war until roughly 2018 when the conflict took on features of a "frozen conflict". The middle period was important as one of key junctures or turning points when the struggle could have reached rather different outcomes. Non-violent protest failed to drive democratization and turned into violent insurrection but revolution from below also failed as did regime counter-insurgency, leaving protracted civil war the default outcome. Second, the consequences of civil war became evident with six themes: failing statehood coexisted with regime resilience; rebel governance emerged as a viable challenge to the regime; social forces were sharply polarized; external actors exacerbated internal divisions; a predatory war economy emerged; and intense violence led to massive displacement of the population. Taking an innovative and interdisciplinary approach that seeks to capture the full complexity of the phenomenon, this book contributes significantly to our understanding of the Syrian conflict, therefore it will be of interest to academics, students, journalists and policy-makers interested in the Syrian civil war.

Revolutions Aesthetic

Author : Max Weiss
Publisher : Stanford University Press
ISBN 13 : 1503631966
Total Pages : 536 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (36 download)

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Book Synopsis Revolutions Aesthetic by : Max Weiss

Download or read book Revolutions Aesthetic written by Max Weiss and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2022-06-28 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The November 1970 coup that brought Hafiz al-Asad to power fundamentally transformed cultural production in Syria. A comprehensive intellectual, ideological, and political project—a Ba'thist cultural revolution—sought to align artistic endeavors with the ideological interests of the regime. The ensuing agonistic struggle pitted official aesthetics of power against alternative modes of creative expression that could evade or ignore the effects of the state. With this book, Max Weiss offers the first cultural and intellectual history of Ba'thist Syria, from the coming to power of Hafiz al-Asad, through the transitional period under Bashar al-Asad, and continuing up through the Syria War. Revolutions Aesthetic reconceptualizes contemporary Syrian politics, authoritarianism, and cultural life. Engaging rich original sources—novels, films, and cultural periodicals—Weiss highlights themes crucial to the making of contemporary Syria: heroism and leadership, gender and power, comedy and ideology, surveillance and the senses, witnessing and temporality, and death and the imagination. Revolutions Aesthetic places front and center the struggle around aesthetic ideology that has been key to the constitution of state, society, and culture in Syria over the course of the past fifty years.

After the Arab Uprisings

Author : Raymond Hinnebusch
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317221885
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (172 download)

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Book Synopsis After the Arab Uprisings by : Raymond Hinnebusch

Download or read book After the Arab Uprisings written by Raymond Hinnebusch and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-02-02 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Arab Uprisings that began in 2010 removed four presidents and made more mobilized mass publics an increased factor in the politics of regional states. The main initial problematic of the Arab Uprising was how to translate mass protest into democratization and ultimately democratic consolidation; yet four years later, there was little democratization. This book explores various aspects of this question while, comparing outcomes in three states, Egypt, Syria and Tunisia. The introduction by Raymond Hinnebusch explores how far different starting points —the features of the regime and of the uprising--explain these pathways. Morten Valbjørn then considers the consequences of the Arab uprisings for the credibility of rival democratization and post-democratization paradigms. Vincent Durac examines the efficacy of anti-system social movements in challenging regimes but their inability to steer a democratic transition. Joshua Stacher examines the increased violence deployed by more conercive authoritarian regimes to prevent such a transition. Frede ́ric Volpi and Ewan Stein examine the conseuences of the relative balance between different kinds of Islamists for outcomes. James Allison then examines the impact of workers’ movements on democratic potentials. Adham Saouli assesses the mobilization of communal identities by ruling elites and counter-elites. Raymond Hinnebusch focuses on the negative impact on democratization of competitive external interference inside the uprising states. In Hinnebusch’s conclusion, the combined effects of the agency of these forces and the political, cultural, and economic contexts in which they operate are summarized. This book was previously published as a special issue of Democratization.

The International Criminal Responsibility of War's Funders and Profiteers

Author : Nina H. B. Jørgensen
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108651208
Total Pages : 571 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (86 download)

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Book Synopsis The International Criminal Responsibility of War's Funders and Profiteers by : Nina H. B. Jørgensen

Download or read book The International Criminal Responsibility of War's Funders and Profiteers written by Nina H. B. Jørgensen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-09-17 with total page 571 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is concerned with the commercial exploitation of armed conflict; it is about money, war, atrocities and economic actors, about the connections between them, and about responsibility. It aims to clarify the legal framework that defines these connections and gives rise to criminal or, in some instances, civil responsibility, referring both to mechanisms for international criminal justice, such as the International Criminal Court, and domestic systems. It considers which economic actors among individuals, businesses, governments and States should be held accountable and before which forum. Additionally, it addresses the question of how to recover illegally acquired profits and redirect them to benefit the victims of war. The chapters shine a critical light on the options provided by a network of laws to ensure that the 'great industrialists' of our time, who find economic opportunities in the war-ravaged lives of others, are unable to pursue those opportunities with impunity.

The Alawis of Syria

Author : Michael Kerr
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190458119
Total Pages : 404 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis The Alawis of Syria by : Michael Kerr

Download or read book The Alawis of Syria written by Michael Kerr and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2015 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout the turbulent history of the Levant the 'Alawis - a secretive, resilient and ancient Muslim sect - have aroused suspicion and animosity, including accusations of religious heresy. More recently they have been tarred with the brush of political separatism and complicity in the excesses of the Assad regime, claims that have gained greater traction since the onset of the Syrian uprising and subsequent devastating civil war. The contributors to this book provide a complex and nuanced reading of Syria's 'Alawi communities -from loyalist gangs (Shabiha) to outspoken critics of the regime. Drawing upon wide-ranging research that examines the historic, political and social dynamics of the 'Alawi and the Syrian state, the current tensions are scrutinised and fresh insights offered. Among the themes addressed are religious practice, social identities, and relations to the Ba'ath party, the Syrian state and the military apparatus. The analysis also extends to Lebanon with a focus on the embattled 'Alawi community of Jabal Mohsen in Tripoli and state relations with Hizballah amid the current crisis.