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Black Carbon In Estuarine High Molecular Weight Dissolved Organic Matter
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Book Synopsis Black Carbon in Estuarine High-Molecular-Weight Dissolved Organic Matter by : Nasa Technical Reports Server (Ntrs)
Download or read book Black Carbon in Estuarine High-Molecular-Weight Dissolved Organic Matter written by Nasa Technical Reports Server (Ntrs) and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-08 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the ocean constitutes one of the largest pools of organic carbon in the biosphere, yet much of its composition is uncharacterized. Observations of black carbon (BC) particles (by-products of fossil fuel combustion and biomass burning) in the atmosphere, ice, rivers, soils and marine sediments suggest that this material is ubiquitous, yet the contribution of BC to the ocean s DOM pool remains unknown. Analysis of high-molecular-weight DOM isolated from surface waters of two estuaries in the northwest Atlantic Ocean finds that BC is a significant component of DOM, suggesting that river-estuary systems are important exporters of BC to the ocean through DOM. We show that BC comprises 4-7% of the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) at coastal ocean sites, which supports the hypothesis that the DOC pool is the intermediate reservoir in which BC ages prior to sedimentary deposition. Flux calculations suggest that BC could be as important as vascular plant-derived lignin in terms of carbon inputs to the ocean. Production of BC sequesters fossil fuel- and biomass-derived carbon into a refractory carbon pool. Hence, BC may represent a significant sink for carbon to the ocean.
Book Synopsis Linking Optical and Chemical Properties of Dissolved Organic Matter in Natural Waters by : Christopher L. Osburn
Download or read book Linking Optical and Chemical Properties of Dissolved Organic Matter in Natural Waters written by Christopher L. Osburn and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-01-17 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A substantial increase in the number of studies using the optical properties (absorbance and fluorescence) of dissolved organic matter (DOM) as a proxy for its chemical properties in estuaries and the coastal and open ocean has occurred during the last decade. We are making progress on finding the actual chemical compounds or phenomena responsible for DOM’s optical properties. Ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry, in particular, has made important progress in making the key connections between optics and chemistry. But serious questions remain and the last major special issue on DOM optics and chemistry occurred nearly 10 years ago. Controversies remain from the non-specific optical properties of DOM that are not linked to discrete sources, and sometimes provide conflicting information. The use of optics, which is relatively easier to employ in synoptic and high resolution sampling to determine chemistry, is a critical connection to make and can lead to major advances in our understanding of organic matter cycling in all aquatic ecosystems. The contentions and controversies raised by our poor understanding of the linkages between optics and chemistry of DOM are bottlenecks that need to be addressed and overcome.
Book Synopsis Concentration and C13 Content of Molecular Size Fractions of the Dissolved Organic Matter in Estuarine and Marine Waters by : Fie Kearsley
Download or read book Concentration and C13 Content of Molecular Size Fractions of the Dissolved Organic Matter in Estuarine and Marine Waters written by Fie Kearsley and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Aquatic Organic Matter Fluorescence by : Paula G. Coble
Download or read book Aquatic Organic Matter Fluorescence written by Paula G. Coble and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-07-14 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A core text on principles, laboratory/field methodologies, and data interpretation for fluorescence applications in aquatic science, for advanced students and researchers.
Book Synopsis Treatise on Estuarine and Coastal Science by :
Download or read book Treatise on Estuarine and Coastal Science written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-03-06 with total page 4604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of estuaries and coasts has seen enormous growth in recent years, since changes in these areas have a large effect on the food chain, as well as on the physics and chemistry of the ocean. As the coasts and river banks around the world become more densely populated, the pressure on these ecosystems intensifies, putting a new focus on environmental, socio-economic and policy issues. Written by a team of international expert scientists, under the guidance of Chief Editors Eric Wolanski and Donald McClusky, the Treatise on Estuarine and Coastal Science, Ten Volume Set examines topics in depth, and aims to provide a comprehensive scientific resource for all professionals and students in the area of estuarine and coastal science Most up-to-date reference for system-based coastal and estuarine science and management, from the inland watershed to the ocean shelf Chief editors have assembled a world-class team of volume editors and contributing authors Approach focuses on the physical, biological, chemistry, ecosystem, human, ecological and economics processes, to show how to best use multidisciplinary science to ensure earth's sustainability Provides a comprehensive scientific resource for all professionals and students in the area of estuarine and coastal science Features up-to-date chapters covering a full range of topics
Book Synopsis Methods of Seawater Analysis by : Klaus Grasshoff
Download or read book Methods of Seawater Analysis written by Klaus Grasshoff and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-07-30 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the book first appeared in 1976, Methods of Seawater Analysis has found widespread acceptance as a reliable and detailed source of information. Its second extended and revised edition published in 1983 reflected the rapid pace of instrumental and methodological evolution in the preceding years. The development has lost nothing of its momentum, and many methods and procedures still suffering their teething troubles then have now matured into dependable tools for the analyst. This is especially evident for trace and ultra-trace analyses of organic and inorganic seawater constituents which have diversified considerably and now require more space for their description than before. Methods to determine volatile halocarbons, dimethyl sulphide, photosynthetic pigments and natural radioactive tracers have been added as well as applications of X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and various electrochemical methods for trace metal analysis. Another method not previously described deals with the determination of the partial pressure of carbon dioxide as part of standardised procedures to describe the marine CO2 system.
Book Synopsis Black Carbon in the Environment by : Edward D. Goldberg
Download or read book Black Carbon in the Environment written by Edward D. Goldberg and published by Wiley-Interscience. This book was released on 1985 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New York : J. Wiley, 1985.
Download or read book Estuarine Research written by L Cronin and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1975-01-01 with total page 753 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemistry, Biology, and the Estuarine System is the first volume of a series launched by Estuarine Research Foundation to present information and concepts regarding the estuaries in the world. The contents of this volume are papers presented in a conference held in South Carolina in October 1973. The book is divided into three major subject areas, namely, Chemistry, Biology, and Estuarine System. The first part focuses on the cycling of elements and estuaries. The second part deals with the dynamics of the food webs in various estuaries. The last section discusses the estuarine system, specifically estuarine modeling. In this part, several estuarine models in different locations are explored. Model analysis as well as utility of systems models is covered in this section. This volume serves as a valuable source of information to interested parties in the field of ecology, biology, chemistry, environmental science, etc.
Book Synopsis Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter by : Dennis A. Hansell
Download or read book Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter written by Dennis A. Hansell and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-10-02 with total page 712 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marine dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a complex mixture of molecules found throughout the world's oceans. It plays a key role in the export, distribution, and sequestration of carbon in the oceanic water column, posited to be a source of atmospheric climate regulation. Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter, Second Edition, focuses on the chemical constituents of DOM and its biogeochemical, biological, and ecological significance in the global ocean, and provides a single, unique source for the references, information, and informed judgments of the community of marine biogeochemists. Presented by some of the world's leading scientists, this revised edition reports on the major advances in this area and includes new chapters covering the role of DOM in ancient ocean carbon cycles, the long term stability of marine DOM, the biophysical dynamics of DOM, fluvial DOM qualities and fate, and the Mediterranean Sea. Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter, Second Edition, is an extremely useful resource that helps people interested in the largest pool of active carbon on the planet (DOC) get a firm grounding on the general paradigms and many of the relevant references on this topic. Features up-to-date knowledge of DOM, including five new chapters The only published work to synthesize recent research on dissolved organic carbon in the Mediterranean Sea Includes chapters that address inputs from freshwater terrestrial DOM
Book Synopsis Cycling of high-molecular-weight dissolved organic matter in the Middle Atlantic Bight as revealed by carbon isotopic (13C and 14C) signatures by : L. Guo
Download or read book Cycling of high-molecular-weight dissolved organic matter in the Middle Atlantic Bight as revealed by carbon isotopic (13C and 14C) signatures written by L. Guo and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter by : Dennis A. Hansell
Download or read book Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter written by Dennis A. Hansell and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-07-04 with total page 870 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter, 3rd edition is the most up-to-date revision of the fundamental reference for the biogeochemistry of marine dissolved organic matter. Since its original publication in June 2002, the science, questions, and priorities have advanced, and the editors of this essential guide, have added nine new chapters, including one on the South China Sea. An indispensable manual edited by the most distinguished experts in the field, this book is addressed to graduate students, marine scientists, and all professionals interested in advancing their knowledge of the field. Features up-to-date knowledge on DOM, including 9 new chapters Presents the only published work to synthesize recent research on dissolved organic carbon in the South China, a region receiving a great deal of attention in recent decades Offers contributions by world-class research leaders
Book Synopsis Biogeochemistry of Estuaries by : Thomas S. Bianchi
Download or read book Biogeochemistry of Estuaries written by Thomas S. Bianchi and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 721 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offering a comprehensive and interdisciplinary approach to the study of biochemical cycling in estuaries, this text utilises numerous illustrations and an extensive literature base in order to impart the current state-of-the-art knowledge in the field.
Book Synopsis Radiocarbon of Black Carbon in Marine Dissolved Organic Carbon by : Lori Anne Ziolkowski
Download or read book Radiocarbon of Black Carbon in Marine Dissolved Organic Carbon written by Lori Anne Ziolkowski and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Black carbon (BC), a bi-product of combustion, is a major long-term carbon sink in the Earth system. Known storage pools for BC are marine sediment and soil. Previous studies found significant 14 C age differences between BC and organic carbon in sediments, and projected that BC must reside in an intermediate pool, such as dissolved organic carbon (DOC), before deposition to the sediment. This research applied compound specific radiocarbon analysis (CSRA) of BC using the benzene polycarboxylic acid (BPCA) method, to provide the first estimates of BC cycling in marine DOC. First, the BPCA method was adapted for CSRA of marine DOC. This method was applied to nine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to examine the oxidation mechanism of the BPCA method. These experiments showed larger BPCAs are preferentially formed for large (> 4 ring) PAHs and an average C recovery of 26 plus or minus 7 %. Quantification of nitrated BPCAs was found to be essential for accurate assessment of BC. Next, I evaluated the mass and radiocarbon of extraneous carbon (Cexsub) added in the processing and isolation of CSRA samples. The Csubex originated equally from column bleed and the processing steps prior to compound isolation. While constant over a few weeks, the mass and radiocarbon signature of C sub ex varied over longer time periods and must be frequently re-evaluated. Finally, the radiocarbon signatures of BC in marine high molecular weight (HMW) DOC samples from a river and five locations in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans are presented. BC exported from the river was 14 C modern, while ocean samples were uniformly old (average open ocean BC delta 14 C = -888 plus or minus 25 [per thousand], n=6). The concentration of BC in HMW DOC (also known as UDOM) ranged from 0.5 to 3.5 % and suggests that a substantial portion of BC should be in the low molecular weight DOC pool. The presence of 14 C-depleted BC in modern HMW DOC demonstrates that there are widely different turnover times for these two pools in the marine carbon cycle.
Book Synopsis Aquatic Ecosystems: Interactivity of Dissolved Organic Matter by : Stuart Findlay
Download or read book Aquatic Ecosystems: Interactivity of Dissolved Organic Matter written by Stuart Findlay and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Overviews of the source, supply and variability of DOM, surveys of the processes that mediate inputs to microbial food webs, and syntheses consolidating research findings provide a comprehensive review of what is known of DOM in freshwater. This book will be important to anyone interested in understanding the fundamental factors associated with DOM that control aquatic ecosystems."--BOOK JACKET.
Book Synopsis The Role of Nonliving Organic Matter in the Earth's Carbon Cycle by : Richard G. Zepp
Download or read book The Role of Nonliving Organic Matter in the Earth's Carbon Cycle written by Richard G. Zepp and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1995-07-11 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nonliving organic matter (NLOM) comprises the bulk of the organic carbon stored in the terrestrial biosphere and a major part of the organic carbon in the sea. Organic substances, which include litter, marine detritus, dissolved organic matter, and soil organic matter, have diverse effects on the Earth's biogeochemical processes and serve as a major reservoir of biospheric carbon, which can be transformed to carbon dioxide, methane, and other "greenhouse" gases. Given this broad spectrum of effects, efforts to adapt to or perhaps benefit from global change require a better understanding and an ability to predict the role of NLOM in the global environment. The overall objective of this volume is to provide experimental and modeling strategies for the assessment of the sensitivity of the global carbon cycle to changes in nonliving organic pools in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The discussions in this volume consider how best to characterize and quantify pools and fluxes of NLOM, the role of NLOM cycling on a global scale, human and climatic perturbations of interactions between NLOM and nutrients, and biological, chemical, and physical processes that control the production and degradation of NLOM, with an emphasis on processes that affect the persistence of NLOM in the environment. One of the most unique aspects of this volume is that it represents extensive exchanges between leading international scientists from both aquatic and terrestrial backgrounds. It will be of particular interest to organic geochemists, microbiologists, ecologists, soil scientists, agricultural scientists, marine chemists, limnologists, and modelers. Goal of this Dahlem Workshop: to devise experimental and modeling strategies for assessment of the sensitivity of the global carbon cycle to changes in nonliving organic pools.
Book Synopsis Environmental Colloids and Particles by : Kevin J. Wilkinson
Download or read book Environmental Colloids and Particles written by Kevin J. Wilkinson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-01-30 with total page 702 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text presents the current knowledge of environmental colloids and includes reviews of the current understanding of structure, role and behaviour of environmental colloids and particles, whilst focussing directly on aquatic systems and soils. In addition, there is substantial critical assessment of the techniques employed for the sampling, size fractionation and characterisation of colloids and particles. Chemical, physical and biological processes and interactions involving colloids are described, and particular attention is paid to quantitative approaches that take account of particle heterogeneity and polydispersity. Presents critical reviews of the state-of-the-art knowledge of environmental colloids Critical assessment of techniques employed for the sampling, size fractionation and characterisation of colloids and particles are given Theoretical and experimental aspects of the methods as well as the required developments and possible recommendations are discussed Each chapter gives a brief introduction general enough for the non-specialist Written by a internationally recognized group of contributors
Book Synopsis Photobiogeochemistry of Organic Matter by : Khan M.G. Mostofa
Download or read book Photobiogeochemistry of Organic Matter written by Khan M.G. Mostofa and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-15 with total page 919 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photoinduced processes, caused by natural sunlight, are key functions for sustaining all living organisms through production and transformation of organic matter (OM) in the biosphere. Production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) from OM is a primary step of photoinduced processes, because H2O2 acts as strong reductant and oxidant. It is potentially important in many aquatic reactions, also in association with photosynthesis. Allochthonous and autochthonous dissolved organic matter (DOM) can be involved into several photoinduced or biological processes. DOM subsequently undergoes several physical, chemical, photoinduced and biological processes, which can be affected by global warming. This book is uniquely structured to overview some vital issues, such as: DOM; H2O2 and ROOH; HO•; Degradation of DOM; CDOM, FDOM; Photosynthesis; Chlorophyll; Metal complexation, and Global warming, as well as their mutual interrelationships, based on updated scientific results.
