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Birmingham And The Long Black Freedom Struggle
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Book Synopsis Birmingham and the Long Black Freedom Struggle by : Robert W. Widell, Jr.
Download or read book Birmingham and the Long Black Freedom Struggle written by Robert W. Widell, Jr. and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-09-18 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Birmingham, Alabama looms large in the history of the twentieth-century black freedom struggle, but to date historians have mostly neglected the years after 1963. Here, author Robert Widell explores the evolution of Birmingham black activism into the 1970s, providing a valuable local perspective on the "long" black freedom struggle.
Book Synopsis Letter from Birmingham Jail by : MARTIN LUTHER KING JR.
Download or read book Letter from Birmingham Jail written by MARTIN LUTHER KING JR. and published by Penguin Classics. This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This landmark missive from one of the greatest activists in history calls for direct, non-violent resistance in the fight against racism, and reflects on the healing power of love.
Book Synopsis But for Birmingham by : Glenn T. Eskew
Download or read book But for Birmingham written by Glenn T. Eskew and published by Univ of North Carolina Press. This book was released on 2000-11-09 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Birmingham served as the stage for some of the most dramatic and important moments in the history of the civil rights struggle. In this vivid narrative account, Glenn Eskew traces the evolution of nonviolent protest in the city, focusing particularly on the sometimes problematic intersection of the local and national movements. Eskew describes the changing face of Birmingham's civil rights campaign, from the politics of accommodation practiced by the city's black bourgeoisie in the 1950s to local pastor Fred L. Shuttlesworth's groundbreaking use of nonviolent direct action to challenge segregation during the late 1950s and early 1960s. In 1963, the national movement, in the person of Martin Luther King Jr., turned to Birmingham. The national uproar that followed on Police Commissioner Bull Connor's use of dogs and fire hoses against the demonstrators provided the impetus behind passage of the watershed Civil Rights Act of 1964. Paradoxically, though, the larger victory won in the streets of Birmingham did little for many of the city's black citizens, argues Eskew. The cancellation of protest marches before any clear-cut gains had been made left Shuttlesworth feeling betrayed even as King claimed a personal victory. While African Americans were admitted to the leadership of the city, the way power was exercised--and for whom--remained fundamentally unchanged.
Download or read book Carry Me Home written by Diane McWhorter and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2001-06-29 with total page 706 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now with a new afterword, the Pulitzer Prize-winning dramatic account of the civil rights era’s climactic battle in Birmingham as the movement, led by Martin Luther King, Jr., brought down the institutions of segregation. "The Year of Birmingham," 1963, was a cataclysmic turning point in America’s long civil rights struggle. Child demonstrators faced down police dogs and fire hoses in huge nonviolent marches against segregation. Ku Klux Klansmen retaliated by bombing the Sixteenth Street Baptist Church, killing four young black girls. Diane McWhorter, daughter of a prominent Birmingham family, weaves together police and FBI records, archival documents, interviews with black activists and Klansmen, and personal memories into an extraordinary narrative of the personalities and events that brought about America’s second emancipation. In a new afterword—reporting last encounters with hero Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth and describing the current drastic anti-immigration laws in Alabama—the author demonstrates that Alabama remains a civil rights crucible.
Download or read book In Struggle written by Clayborne Carson and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1995-04-03 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With its radical ideology and effective tactics, the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) was the cutting edge of the civil rights movement during the 1960s. This sympathetic yet evenhanded book records for the first time the complete story of SNCC’s evolution, of its successes and its difficulties in the ongoing struggle to end white oppression. At its birth, SNCC was composed of black college students who shared an ideology of moral radicalism. This ideology, with its emphasis on nonviolence, challenged Southern segregation. SNCC students were the earliest civil rights fighters of the Second Reconstruction. They conducted sit-ins at lunch counters, spearheaded the freedom rides, and organized voter registration, which shook white complacency and awakened black political consciousness. In the process, Clayborne Carson shows, SNCC changed from a group that endorsed white middle-class values to one that questioned the basic assumptions of liberal ideology and raised the fist for black power. Indeed, SNCC’s radical and penetrating analysis of the American power structure reached beyond the black community to help spark wider social protests of the 1960s, such as the anti–Vietnam War movement. Carson’s history of SNCC goes behind the scene to determine why the group’s ideological evolution was accompanied by bitter power struggles within the organization. Using interviews, transcripts of meetings, unpublished position papers, and recently released FBI documents, he reveals how a radical group is subject to enormous, often divisive pressures as it fights the difficult battle for social change.
Book Synopsis "'To Stay and Fight" by : Robert W. Widell (Jr.)
Download or read book "'To Stay and Fight" written by Robert W. Widell (Jr.) and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Why We Can't Wait by : Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.
Download or read book Why We Can't Wait written by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. and published by Beacon Press. This book was released on 2011-01-11 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dr. King’s best-selling account of the civil rights movement in Birmingham during the spring and summer of 1963 On April 16, 1963, as the violent events of the Birmingham campaign unfolded in the city’s streets, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., composed a letter from his prison cell in response to local religious leaders’ criticism of the campaign. The resulting piece of extraordinary protest writing, “Letter from Birmingham Jail,” was widely circulated and published in numerous periodicals. After the conclusion of the campaign and the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom in 1963, King further developed the ideas introduced in the letter in Why We Can’t Wait, which tells the story of African American activism in the spring and summer of 1963. During this time, Birmingham, Alabama, was perhaps the most racially segregated city in the United States, but the campaign launched by King, Fred Shuttlesworth, and others demonstrated to the world the power of nonviolent direct action. Often applauded as King’s most incisive and eloquent book, Why We Can’t Wait recounts the Birmingham campaign in vivid detail, while underscoring why 1963 was such a crucial year for the civil rights movement. Disappointed by the slow pace of school desegregation and civil rights legislation, King observed that by 1963—during which the country celebrated the one-hundredth anniversary of the Emancipation Proclamation—Asia and Africa were “moving with jetlike speed toward gaining political independence but we still creep at a horse-and-buggy pace.” King examines the history of the civil rights struggle, noting tasks that future generations must accomplish to bring about full equality, and asserts that African Americans have already waited over three centuries for civil rights and that it is time to be proactive: “For years now, I have heard the word ‘Wait!’ It rings in the ear of every Negro with piercing familiarity. This ‘Wait’ has almost always meant ‘Never.’ We must come to see, with one of our distinguished jurists, that ‘justice too long delayed is justice denied.’”
Book Synopsis The Story of the Birmingham Civil Rights Movement in Photographs by : David Aretha
Download or read book The Story of the Birmingham Civil Rights Movement in Photographs written by David Aretha and published by Enslow Publishing, LLC. This book was released on 2014-01-01 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Martin Luther King, Jr., called Birmingham, Alabama, the most segregated city in America. In 1963, he and other civil rights leaders believed it was time to change that. With marches and protests throughout the city, civil rights activists hoped the movement would draw national attention. Hundreds of young African Americans joined the cause, marching for equal rights. Angry segregationists reacted, violently. And it would play out in newspapers and on television screens across the country. Through dramatic primary source photographs, author David Aretha explores this crucial struggle of the Civil Rights Movement.
Book Synopsis Black Workers' Struggle for Equality in Birmingham by : Horace Huntley
Download or read book Black Workers' Struggle for Equality in Birmingham written by Horace Huntley and published by Working Class in American History. This book was released on 2007 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Union building and civil rights activism in a tightly segregated industrial city
Book Synopsis The Most Segregated City in America" by : Charles E. Connerly
Download or read book The Most Segregated City in America" written by Charles E. Connerly and published by University of Virginia Press. This book was released on 2013-07-04 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of Planetizen’s Top Ten Books of 2006 "But for Birmingham," Fred Shuttleworth recalled President John F. Kennedy saying in June 1963 when he invited black leaders to meet with him, "we would not be here today." Birmingham is well known for its civil rights history, particularly for the violent white-on-black bombings that occurred there in the 1960s, resulting in the city’s nickname "Bombingham." What is less well known about Birmingham’s racial history, however, is the extent to which early city planning decisions influenced and prompted the city’s civil rights protests. The first book-length work to analyze this connection, "The Most Segregated City in America": City Planning and Civil Rights in Birmingham, 1920–1980 uncovers the impact of Birmingham’s urban planning decisions on its black communities and reveals how these decisions led directly to the civil rights movement. Spanning over sixty years, Charles E. Connerly’s study begins in the 1920s, when Birmingham used urban planning as an excuse to implement racial zoning laws, pointedly sidestepping the 1917 U.S. Supreme Court Buchanan v. Warley decision that had struck down racial zoning. The result of this obstruction was the South’s longest-standing racial zoning law, which lasted from 1926 to 1951, when it was redeclared unconstitutional by the U.S. Supreme Court. Despite the fact that African Americans constituted at least 38 percent of Birmingham’s residents, they faced drastic limitations to their freedom to choose where to live. When in the1940s they rebelled by attempting to purchase homes in off-limit areas, their efforts were labeled as a challenge to city planning, resulting in government and court interventions that became violent. More than fifty bombings ensued between 1947 and 1966, becoming nationally publicized only in 1963, when four black girls were killed in the bombing of the Sixteenth Street Baptist Church. Connerly effectively uses Birmingham’s history as an example to argue the importance of recognizing the link that exists between city planning and civil rights. His demonstration of how Birmingham’s race-based planning legacy led to the confrontations that culminated in the city’s struggle for civil rights provides a fresh lens on the history and future of urban planning, and its relation to race.
Book Synopsis Gospel of Freedom by : Jonathan Rieder
Download or read book Gospel of Freedom written by Jonathan Rieder and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2014-04-08 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first ever trade history of a landmark of American letters--Martin Luther King Jr's legendary Letter from Birmingham Jail.
Book Synopsis Rethinking the Black Freedom Movement by : Yohuru Williams
Download or read book Rethinking the Black Freedom Movement written by Yohuru Williams and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-11-06 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The African American struggle for civil rights in the twentieth century is one of the most important stories in American history. With all the information available, however, it is easy for even the most enthusiastic reader to be overwhelmed. In Rethinking the Black Freedom Movement, Yohuru Williams has synthesized the complex history of this period into a clear and compelling narrative. Considering both the Civil Rights and Black Power movements as distinct but overlapping elements of the Black Freedom struggle, Williams looks at the impact of the struggle for Black civil rights on housing, transportation, education, labor, voting rights, culture, and more, and places the activism of the 1950s and 60s within the context of a much longer tradition reaching from Reconstruction to the present day. Exploring the different strands within the movement, key figures and leaders, and its ongoing legacy, Rethinking the Black Freedom Movement is the perfect introduction for anyone seeking to understand the struggle for Black civil rights in America.
Book Synopsis Sweet Land of Liberty by : Thomas J. Sugrue
Download or read book Sweet Land of Liberty written by Thomas J. Sugrue and published by Random House Trade Paperbacks. This book was released on 2009-10-13 with total page 738 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sweet Land of Liberty is Thomas J. Sugrue’s epic account of the abiding quest for racial equality in states from Illinois to New York, and of how the intense northern struggle differed from and was inspired by the fight down South. Sugrue’s panoramic view sweeps from the 1920s to the present–more than eighty of the most decisive years in American history. He uncovers the forgotten stories of battles to open up lunch counters, beaches, and movie theaters in the North; the untold history of struggles against Jim Crow schools in northern towns; the dramatic story of racial conflict in northern cities and suburbs; and the long and tangled histories of integration and black power. Filled with unforgettable characters and riveting incidents, and making use of information and accounts both public and private, such as the writings of obscure African American journalists and the records of civil rights and black power groups, Sweet Land of Liberty creates an indelible history.
Book Synopsis The Promise and the Dream by : David Margolick
Download or read book The Promise and the Dream written by David Margolick and published by Rosetta Books. This book was released on 2018-04-03 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “A fascinating, elegiac account” of the bond between two of the Civil Rights Era’s most important leaders—from the journalist and author of Strange Fruit (Chicago Tribune). With vision and political savvy, Martin Luther King, Jr. and Robert F. Kennedy set the United States on a path toward fulfilling its promise of liberty and justice for all. In The Promise and the Dream, Margolick examines their unique bond, both in life and in their tragic assassinations, just sixty-two days apart in 1968. Through original interviews, oral histories, FBI files, and previously untapped contemporaneous accounts, Margolick offers a revealing portrait of these two men and the mutual assistance, awkwardness, antagonism, and admiration that existed between them. MLK and RFK cut distinct but converging paths toward lasting change. Even when they weren’t interacting directly, they monitored and learned from one another. Their joint story, a story each man took pains to hide during their lives, is not just gripping history but a window into the challenges we continue to face in America. Complemented by award-winning historian Douglas Brinkley’s foreword and more than eighty revealing photos by the foremost photojournalists of the period, The Promise and the Dream offers a compelling look at one of the most consequential but misunderstood relationships in our nation’s history.
Book Synopsis Foot Soldiers for Democracy by : Horace Huntley
Download or read book Foot Soldiers for Democracy written by Horace Huntley and published by University of Illinois Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Firsthand accounts from the Civil Rights Movement's frontlines
Book Synopsis Sweet Land of Liberty? by : Robert Cook
Download or read book Sweet Land of Liberty? written by Robert Cook and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-12-16 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A powerful and moving account of the campaign for civil rights in modern America. Robert Cook is concerned less with charismatic leaders like Martin Luther King, and more with the ordinary men and women who were mobilised by the grass-roots activities of civil-rights workers and community leaders. He begins with the development of segregation in the late nineteenth century, but his main focus is on the continuing struggle this century. It is a dramatic story of many achievements - even if in many respects it is also a record of unfinished business.
Book Synopsis In the Shadows of Birmingham by : Brandon Curnel
Download or read book In the Shadows of Birmingham written by Brandon Curnel and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2016-05-04 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This historical study examines the Huntsville Civil Rights Movement and what made the movement both unique and an overwhelming success. The work analyzes the impact Project Paperclip, the relocation of Nazi scientists, had on the Huntsville area and the movement toward civil rights and social justice for African Americans living in the "Rocket City". The book details why Huntsville was a prime location for a groundbreaking movement leading to Huntsville being the first desegregated city in the state of Alabama and home to the first integrated public school system in the "Heart of Dixie". This examination of events involving Huntsville and Madison County concludes that because of the influx of Nazi scientists coupled with the development of NASA and the businesses that followed, Huntsville was more apt to accept a civil rights movement, ultimately leading to the achievement of integration compared other cities in the Deep South.
