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Biomechanical Modeling And Simulation Of Human Eye Movement
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Book Synopsis Biomechanical Modeling and Simulation of Human Eye Movement by : Qi Wei
Download or read book Biomechanical Modeling and Simulation of Human Eye Movement written by Qi Wei and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studying human eye movement has significant implications for understanding the oculomotor system and treating vision disorders. Existing models of the oculomotor system either simplify the geometry and mechanics of the orbit, or are restricted to static simulation. In this dissertation, we present a novel three-dimensional (3D) biomechanical modeling framework for simulation of the oculomotor plant that addresses the above limitations. We aim to lay the foundation of a biomechanical simulator that will potentially be used for scientific research on ocular motility and clinical applications. We first propose an efficient method for building subject-specific orbit models from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We reconstruct 3D geometric models of the orbit by fitting a generic template model to the MRI data of individual subjects. An automatic fitting process is developed, which combines parametric surface deformation with image feature selection. The accuracy of our method is validated by comparison to manual segmentation. We also present 3D reconstruction of eyeball models from MRI using the template approach with subdivision surface fitting. We then describe a new approach for determining the averaged longitudinal strains of cylindrical soft tissues. Our method does not rely on image features to establish tissue correspondences and uses the incompressibility property of soft tissues. We demonstrate its usefulness by estimating extraocular muscle (EOM) strains from reconstructed models. Simulated sensitivity analysis and validation on MRI of a rubber phantom show its accuracy. Integrating estimated EOM strains as deformation constraints, we register EOM models across eye positions in a physically consistent way. Finally, we develop a 3D dynamic biomechanical model for simulating ocular motility. We model EOMs as "strands, " which are modeling elements for musculotendon mechanics. Realistic muscle paths and cross sectional areas of the EOM strands are based on 3D geometric models reconstructed from human subject MRI. Nonlinear EOM mechanics are incorporated and pulley hypotheses are implemented. Simulation of fixations, smooth pursuits, and saccades are demonstrated. The model generates realistic gaze trajectories from neural control signals. We validate our simulator by comparing simulations to experimental data. Our model is the first one that simulates dynamics and includes anatomical and physiological properties.
Book Synopsis Biomechanical Modelling of the Human Eye by : Michael Buchberger
Download or read book Biomechanical Modelling of the Human Eye written by Michael Buchberger and published by VDM Publishing. This book was released on 2008-07 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of this work was the development of a biomechanical model of the human eye. The research work SEE-KID (Software Engineering Environment for Knowledge based Interactive Eye motility Diagnostics), described in this work, tries to connect aspects of biomechanical modelling with methods of modern Software Engineering. An interactive software system was implemented, called SEE++ which allows physicians to obtain a better understanding of the mechanics of eye movements. This software visualizes and simulates pathologies and eye muscle surgeries, based on the biomechanics of the eye. It can be used in preoperative planning, medical training and basic research, and shows how Medical-Informatics can improve the diagnosis and treatment of patients. The project SEE-KID is based also on the software system Orbit (www.eidactics.com) and on other biomechanics software. The SEE-KID project and the SEE++ software system are meant as extension to Orbit with more clinical relevance while providing essential functionality similar to what Orbit offered. Additionally, SEE-KID tries to extend existing functionality and combine different aspects of modelling into one single system.
Book Synopsis Biomedical Simulation by : Fernando Bello
Download or read book Biomedical Simulation written by Fernando Bello and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-01-21 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation. This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Biomedical Simulation, ISBMS 2010, held in Phoenix, AZ, USA, in January 2010.The 19 revised full papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 41 submissions. The manuscripts are organized in four thematic sections covering some of the key aspects of biomedical simulation: soft tissue properties, modelling and segmentation, simulation of biophysical processes and real-time interactive simulation.
Book Synopsis The Human Eye-movement Mechanism: Experiments, Modeling and Model Testing by : Gerald Cook
Download or read book The Human Eye-movement Mechanism: Experiments, Modeling and Model Testing written by Gerald Cook and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A model for the human eye-positioning mechanism is presented. The derivation of the model is outlined briefly. Experiments for obtaining actual eye-movement behavior are described. Model simulations and comparisons of these results with experimental results are presented. The comparisons support the validity of the model. The physical basis of the model adds meaning to the model and insight into the operation of the actual system. (Author).
Book Synopsis Open-loop Experiments for Modeling the Human Eye Movement System by : Terry Bahill
Download or read book Open-loop Experiments for Modeling the Human Eye Movement System written by Terry Bahill and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Human Motion written by Bodo Rosenhahn and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book which informs about recent progress in biomechanics, computer vision and computer graphics – all in one volume. Researchers from these areas have contributed to this book to promote the establishment of human motion research as a multi-facetted discipline and to improve the exchange of ideas and concepts between these three areas. The book combines carefully written reviews with detailed reports on recent progress in research.
Book Synopsis Biomedical Imaging and Computational Modeling in Biomechanics by : Ugo Andreaus
Download or read book Biomedical Imaging and Computational Modeling in Biomechanics written by Ugo Andreaus and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-10-08 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book collects the state-of-art and new trends in image analysis and biomechanics. It covers a wide field of scientific and cultural topics, ranging from remodeling of bone tissue under the mechanical stimulus up to optimizing the performance of sports equipment, through the patient-specific modeling in orthopedics, microtomography and its application in oral and implant research, computational modeling in the field of hip prostheses, image based model development and analysis of the human knee joint, kinematics of the hip joint, micro-scale analysis of compositional and mechanical properties of dentin, automated techniques for cervical cell image analysis, and biomedical imaging and computational modeling in cardiovascular disease. The book will be of interest to researchers, Ph.D students, and graduate students with multidisciplinary interests related to image analysis and understanding, medical imaging, biomechanics, simulation and modeling, experimental analysis
Book Synopsis Technologies for Medical Sciences by : Renato M. Natal Jorge
Download or read book Technologies for Medical Sciences written by Renato M. Natal Jorge and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-05-22 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents novel and advanced technologies for medical sciences in order to solidify knowledge in the related fields and define their key stakeholders. The fifteen papers included in this book were written by invited experts of international stature and address important technologies for medical sciences, including: computational modeling and simulation, image processing and analysis, medical imaging, human motion and posture, tissue engineering, design and development medical devices, and mechanic biology. Different applications are treated in such diverse fields as biomechanical studies, prosthesis and orthosis, medical diagnosis, sport, and virtual reality. This book is of interest to researchers, students and manufacturers from a wide range of disciplines related to bioengineering, biomechanics, computational mechanics, computational vision, human motion, mathematics, medical devices, medical image, medicine and physics.
Book Synopsis Models of Horizontal Eye Movements, Part II by : John Enderle
Download or read book Models of Horizontal Eye Movements, Part II written by John Enderle and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-01 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are five different types of eye movements: saccades, smooth pursuit, vestibular ocular eye movements, optokinetic eye movements, and vergence eye movements. The purpose of this book is focused primarily on mathematical models of the horizontal saccadic eye movement system and the smooth pursuit system, rather than on how visual information is processed. A saccade is a fast eye movement used to acquire a target by placing the image of the target on the fovea. Smooth pursuit is a slow eye movement used to track a target as it moves by keeping the target on the fovea. The vestibular ocular movement is used to keep the eyes on a target during brief head movements. The optokinetic eye movement is a combination of saccadic and slow eye movements that keeps a full-field image stable on the retina during sustained head rotation. Each of these movements is a conjugate eye movement, that is, movements of both eyes together driven by a common neural source. A vergence movement is a non-conjugate eye movement allowing the eyes to track targets as they come closer or farther away. In this book, a 2009 version of a state-of-the-art model is presented for horizontal saccades that is 3rd-order and linear, and controlled by a physiologically based time-optimal neural network. The oculomotor plant and saccade generator are the basic elements of the saccadic system. The control of saccades is initiated by the superior colliculus and terminated by the cerebellar fastigial nucleus, and involves a complex neural circuit in the mid brain. This book is the second part of a book series on models of horizontal eye movements. Table of Contents: 2009 Linear Homeomorphic Saccadic Eye Movement Model and Post-Saccade Behavior: Dynamic and Glissadic Overshoot / Neural Network for the Saccade Controller
Book Synopsis Biomechanical Modelling and Simulation on Musculoskeletal System by : Yubo Fan
Download or read book Biomechanical Modelling and Simulation on Musculoskeletal System written by Yubo Fan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-03-01 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book involves the basic principles, methods, anatomy and other knowledge for modelling and simulation of the musculoskeletal system. In addition, abundant examples are presented in detail to help readers easily learn the principles and methods of modelling and simulation. These examples include the impact injury and clinical application of the modelling of bone and muscle. In terms of impact injury, the book introduces the biomechanical simulation of impact injury in head, spine, ankle, knee, eyeball and many other parts. With regard to clinical application, it explores the optimization of orthopaedic surgery and design of orthopaedic implants. Readers will find this is a highly informative and carefully presented book, introducing not only the biomechanical principles in the musculoskeletal system, but also the application abilities of modelling and simulation on the musculoskeletal system.
Book Synopsis Models of Horizontal Eye Movements, Part I by : John Enderle
Download or read book Models of Horizontal Eye Movements, Part I written by John Enderle and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-01 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are five different types of eye movements: saccades, smooth pursuit, vestibular ocular eye movements, optokinetic eye movements, and vergence eye movements. The purpose of this book is focused primarily on mathematical models of the horizontal saccadic eye movement system and the smooth pursuit system, rather than on how visual information is processed. A saccade is a fast eye movement used to acquire a target by placing the image of the target on the fovea. Smooth pursuit is a slow eye movement used to track a target as it moves by keeping the target on the fovea. The vestibular ocular movement is used to keep the eyes on a target during brief head movements. The optokinetic eye movement is a combination of saccadic and slow eye movements that keeps a full-field image stable on the retina during sustained head rotation. Each of these movements is a conjugate eye movement, that is, movements of both eyes together driven by a common neural source. A vergence movement is a non-conjugate eye movement allowing the eyes to track targets as they come closer or farther away. In this book, early models of saccades and smooth pursuit are presented. The smooth pursuit system allows tracking of a slow moving target to maintain its position on the fovea. Models of the smooth pursuit have been developed using systems control theory, all involving a negative feedback control system that includes a time delay, controller and plant in the forward loop, with unity feedback. The oculomotor plant and saccade generator are the basic elements of the saccadic system. The oculomotor plant consists of three muscle pairs and the eyeball. A number of oculomotor plant models are described here beginning with the Westheimer model published in 1954, and up through our 1995 model involving a 4$^{th}$ order oculomotor plant model. The work presented here is not an exhaustive coverage of the field, but focused on the interests of the author. In Part II, a state-of-art model of the saccade system is presented, including a neural network that controls the system. Table of Contents: Introduction / Smooth Pursuit Models / Early Models of the Horizontal Saccadic Eye Movement System / Velocity and Acceleration Estimation / 1995 Linear Homeomorphic Saccadic Eye Movement Model
Book Synopsis The Wiley Handbook of Human Computer Interaction Set by : Kent Norman
Download or read book The Wiley Handbook of Human Computer Interaction Set written by Kent Norman and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-12-28 with total page 1043 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In der Vergangenheit war die Mensch-Computer-Interaktion (Human-Computer Interaction) das Privileg einiger weniger. Heute ist Computertechnologie weit verbreitet, allgegenwärtig und global. Arbeiten und Lernen erfolgen über den Computer. Private und kommerzielle Systeme arbeiten computergestützt. Das Gesundheitswesen wird neu erfunden. Navigation erfolgt interaktiv. Unterhaltung kommt aus dem Computer. Als Antwort auf immer leistungsfähigere Systeme sind im Bereich der Mensch-Computer-Interaktion immer ausgeklügeltere Theorien und Methodiken entstanden. The Wiley Handbook of Human-Computer Interaction bietet einen Überblick über all diese Entwicklungen und untersucht die vielen verschiedenen Aspekte der Mensch-Computer-Interaktion und hat den Wert menschlicher Erfahrungen, die über Technologie stehen, ganzheitlich im Blick.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Human Factors and Ergonomics by : Gavriel Salvendy
Download or read book Handbook of Human Factors and Ergonomics written by Gavriel Salvendy and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-05-24 with total page 1754 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fourth edition of the Handbook of Human Factors and Ergonomics has been completely revised and updated. This includes all existing third edition chapters plus new chapters written to cover new areas. These include the following subjects: Managing low-back disorder risk in the workplace Online interactivity Neuroergonomics Office ergonomics Social networking HF&E in motor vehicle transportation User requirements Human factors and ergonomics in aviation Human factors in ambient intelligent environments As with the earlier editions, the main purpose of this handbook is to serve the needs of the human factors and ergonomics researchers, practitioners, and graduate students. Each chapter has a strong theory and scientific base, but is heavily focused on real world applications. As such, a significant number of case studies, examples, figures, and tables are included to aid in the understanding and application of the material covered.
Book Synopsis Stance and Motion by : V.S. Gurfinkel
Download or read book Stance and Motion written by V.S. Gurfinkel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book dealing with stance and motion was planned in June 1986 at a meeting held in Moscow and Leningrad between a group of Soviet and French scientists interested in motor control. This meeting took place in the framework of an exchange program between the USSR Academy of Seiences and the French Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique. It was very successful event and was greatly appreciated by all those who attended it. Several participants put forward the proposal that the possibility of publishing a book was worth exploring. What were the reasons for publishing a book on stance and motion ? The interest aroused in the participants by each others contributions was not a sufficiently decisive argument. It was feit, however, that a large proportion of the orginal material presented at the meeting, especially in the field of posture and locomotion but also on other aspects covered by the book could be presented in a summarized form which should appeal to a larger audience because the facts and hypotheses they contained especially those from the Soviet participants, were not very familiar among international circles, and that many scientists would appreciate having a single volume containing a survey ofthe current state of research in this field. This was also the opinion of Plenum Press, who agreed to publish the book. Each participant at the meeting submitted a paper which was examined by two referees before being accepted.
Book Synopsis Models of Horizontal Eye Movements, Part II by : John Enderle
Download or read book Models of Horizontal Eye Movements, Part II written by John Enderle and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2010-03-03 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are five different types of eye movements: saccades, smooth pursuit, vestibular ocular eye movements, optokinetic eye movements, and vergence eye movements. The purpose of this book is focused primarily on mathematical models of the horizontal saccadic eye movement system and the smooth pursuit system, rather than on how visual information is processed. A saccade is a fast eye movement used to acquire a target by placing the image of the target on the fovea. Smooth pursuit is a slow eye movement used to track a target as it moves by keeping the target on the fovea. The vestibular ocular movement is used to keep the eyes on a target during brief head movements. The optokinetic eye movement is a combination of saccadic and slow eye movements that keeps a full-field image stable on the retina during sustained head rotation. Each of these movements is a conjugate eye movement, that is, movements of both eyes together driven by a common neural source. A vergence movement is a non-conjugate eye movement allowing the eyes to track targets as they come closer or farther away. In this book, a 2009 version of a state-of-the-art model is presented for horizontal saccades that is 3rd-order and linear, and controlled by a physiologically based time-optimal neural network. The oculomotor plant and saccade generator are the basic elements of the saccadic system. The control of saccades is initiated by the superior colliculus and terminated by the cerebellar fastigial nucleus, and involves a complex neural circuit in the mid brain. This book is the second part of a book series on models of horizontal eye movements. Table of Contents: 2009 Linear Homeomorphic Saccadic Eye Movement Model and Post-Saccade Behavior: Dynamic and Glissadic Overshoot / Neural Network for the Saccade Controller
Book Synopsis Models of Horizontal Eye Movements by : John D. Enderle
Download or read book Models of Horizontal Eye Movements written by John D. Enderle and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2010 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are five different types of eye movements: saccades, smooth pursuit, vestibular ocular eye movements, optokinetic eye movements, and vergence eye movements. The purpose of this book is focused primarily on mathematical models of the horizontal saccadic eye movement system and the smooth pursuit system, rather than on how visual information is processed. A saccade is a fast eye movement used to acquire a target by placing the image of the target on the fovea. Smooth pursuit is a slow eye movement used to track a target as it moves by keeping the target on the fovea. The vestibular ocular movement is used to keep the eyes on a target during brief head movements. The optokinetic eye movement is a combination of saccadic and slow eye movements that keeps a full-field image stable on the retina during sustained head rotation. Each of these movements is a conjugate eye movement, that is, movements of both eyes together driven by a common neural source. A vergence movement is a non-conjugate eye movement allowing the eyes to track targets as they come closer or farther away. In this book, early models of saccades and smooth pursuit are presented. The smooth pursuit system allows tracking of a slow moving target to maintain its position on the fovea. Models of the smooth pursuit have been developed using systems control theory, all involving a negative feedback control system that includes a time delay, controller and plant in the forward loop, with unity feedback. The oculomotor plant and saccade generator are the basic elements of the saccadic system. The oculomotor plant consists of three muscle pairs and the eyeball. A number of oculomotor plant models are described here beginning with the Westheimer model published in 1954, and up through our 1995 model involving a 4th order oculomotor plant model. The work presented here is not an exhaustive coverage of the field, but focused on the interests of the author. In Part II, a state-of-art model of the saccade system is presented, including a neural network that controls the system. Table of Contents: Introduction / Smooth Pursuit Models / Early Models of the Horizontal Saccadic Eye Movement System / Velocity and Acceleration Estimation / 1995 Linear Homeomorphic Saccadic Eye Movement Model
Book Synopsis A Finite Element Model to Predict the Dynamic Behavior of the Human Eye by : Luka Sterle
Download or read book A Finite Element Model to Predict the Dynamic Behavior of the Human Eye written by Luka Sterle and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomechanical properties of ocular tissues are assumed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of a variety of ocular diseases. This is particularly true for glaucoma, where the tissue biomechanics appears to determine which level of intraocular pressure can be tolerated in an individual eye. In the recent years several mathematical models were established and measurements of ocular biomechanical properties were obtained from in vitro and in vivo measurements. In this master thesis we developed finite element modeling of the human eye. New algorithms integrated all available data on ocular biomechanical properties, available at the Center of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering from interferometric measurements.
