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Biological Upgrading Of Coal Liquids Fourth Quarterly Report September 24 1991 December 31 1991
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Book Synopsis Biological Upgrading of Coal Liquids. Fourth Quarterly Report, September 24, 1991--December 31, 1991 by :
Download or read book Biological Upgrading of Coal Liquids. Fourth Quarterly Report, September 24, 1991--December 31, 1991 written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this report is to present progress to date on the biological upgrading of coal liquids. This three-year study focuses on surveying of known microorganisms for S, N, and O removal and aromaticity reduction. Isolates from natural sources will also be sought for these reactions. The performance of these cultures will be optimized and evaluated individually and as a mixed culture. The best cultures will be selected for performance evaluation in continuous submerged culture experiments in constant-stirring bioreactors. Reactor design and product removal processes will be projected and the economics of this technology compared with conventional methods. (VC).
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1994-06 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Biological Upgrading of Coal Liquids. Quarterly Report, October--December 31, 1992 by :
Download or read book Biological Upgrading of Coal Liquids. Quarterly Report, October--December 31, 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Culture screening and performance studies were performed with a variety of cultures in removing nitrogen compounds from coal liquid. Two cultures were shown to be effective in removing 17 and 26 percent of the nitrogen in coal liquid as determined by elemental analysis. Experiments will continue in an effort to find additional cultures and isolates able to degrade nitrogen, as well as oxygen and sulfur as heteroatom compounds, from coal liquids. A biological process for upgrading of coal liquids would offer significant advantages, such as operation at ordinary temperature and pressure with better energy efficiency. Of greater importance is the fact that microorganisms do not require an external supply of hydrogen for heteroatom removal, obtaining required hydrogen from water. Furthermore, the biocatalysts are continuously regenerated by growth on the heteroatom compounds. Ring structures are degraded as the heteroatoms are removed. The heteroatoms are in an inocuous form, such as NH3, SO42− CO2 and H2O. Therefore, there is significant potential for the development of an economical biological process for upgrading of coal liquids.
Book Synopsis Government Reports Annual Index by :
Download or read book Government Reports Annual Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 1130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Biological Upgrading of Coal Liquids. Quarterly Report, October 1, 1993--December 31, 1993 by :
Download or read book Biological Upgrading of Coal Liquids. Quarterly Report, October 1, 1993--December 31, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A large number of bacterial enrichments are being developed for their ability to utilize nitrogen and sulfur in coal liquids and the model compound naphtha. These bacteria include the original aerobic bacteria isolated from natural sources which utilize heteroatom compounds in the presence of rich media, aerobic nitrogen-utilizing bacteria and denitrifying bacteria. Experiments utilizing these bacteria are presented below. Stirred tank reactor studies utilizing these cultures are in progress, although results from these experiments are not presented at this time.
Book Synopsis Government Reports Announcements & Index by :
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements & Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 846 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Biological Upgrading of Coal Liquids. Quarterly Report, July 1, 1993--September 30, 1993 by :
Download or read book Biological Upgrading of Coal Liquids. Quarterly Report, July 1, 1993--September 30, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The presence of heteroatom and aromatic compounds in liquids obtained from coal liquefaction processes requires expensive hydrogenation treatment to derive an acceptable liquid fuel. This project will develop a simple biological process for removing N, O and S and reducing the aromaticity of coal liquids. Microorganisms, employing biocatalysts, are known to degrade aromatic heteroatom compounds in nature to NH[sub 3], SO[sub 4][sup =] and CO[sub 2]. Preliminary experiments in the ERI laboratories to determine the feasibility of biological removal of N, O and S from coal and shale oil liquids have shown up to 20 percent nitrogen removal, 40 percent sulfur removal and 100 percent oxygen removal in a simple one stage incubation. A biological process for upgrading of coal liquids would offer significant advantages, such as operation at ordinary temperature and pressure with better energy efficiency. Of greater importance is the fact that microorganisms do not require an external supply of hydrogen for heteroatom removal, obtaining the required hydrogen from water. Furthermore, the biocatalysts are continuously regenerated by growth on the heteroatom compounds. Ring structures are degraded as the heteroatoms are removed. The heteroatoms are in an innocuous form, such as NH[sub 3], S0[sub 4][sup =], C0[sub 2] and H[sub 2]0. Therefore, there is significant potential for the development of an economical biological process for upgrading coal liquids. This project will screen known bacteria and develop isolates for N, O and S removal and aromaticity reduction. The performance of the best of these cultures will be optimized for complete heteroatom removal in a single step. Continuous reactor experiments will be conducted with the optimal cultures to determine reaction kinetics and reactor design. The design and economics of this process, including product recovery, will be projected to define economic feasibility and high cost areas.
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Download or read book Waerachtig verhael van het laetste verraet ghepractiseert eende in't werck gestelt in Yrlandt, door eenige Roomsche ghesinden, waer onder oock eenige voornaemste Yrsche heeren mede beschuldicht waren written by and published by . This book was released on 1641 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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Book Synopsis Biological Upgrading of Coal Liquids. First Quarterly Report, January 1, 1992--March 31, 1992 by :
Download or read book Biological Upgrading of Coal Liquids. First Quarterly Report, January 1, 1992--March 31, 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this report is to present the results of culture selection studies for the removal of heteroatom compounds from coal liquids. A variety of pure cultures have been selected based upon a comprehensive literature review. In addition, cultures are being isolated from natural sources. Synthetic heteroatom compounds are presently being utilized in the degradation studies until the Environmental Assessment Questionnaire is approved. (VC).
Book Synopsis Biological Upgrading of Coal Liquids. Quarterly Report, April 1, 1992--June 30, 1992 by :
Download or read book Biological Upgrading of Coal Liquids. Quarterly Report, April 1, 1992--June 30, 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this project is to develop a simple biological process for the removal of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur heteroatoms from coal liquids, and simultaneously reducing aromaticity. Microorganisms, employing biocatalysts, are known to degrade aromatic heteroatom compounds in nature to NH3, SO4, and CO2. Preliminary experiments in the ERI laboratories to determine the feasibility of biological removal of N, 0, and S from coal and shale oil liquids have shown up to 20 percent nitrogen removal, 40 percent sulfur removal, and 100 percent oxygen removal in a simple one stage incubation. This project will screen known bacteria and develop isolates for N, 0, and S removal and aromaticity reduction. The performance of the best of these cultures will be optimized for complete heteroatom removal in a single step go up. An outline of the protocol used to select pure cultures and isolates for their suitability in degrading heteroatom compounds is presented. Also shown is a listing of nine model compounds to be used in culture comparison and selection studies. Preliminary results with isolate ERI4 shows that the bacterium grows on phenol as its sole carbon source and rapidly depletes the compound from the medium. Similar results are shown for ERI5, which grows on pyridine as its sole carbon and nitrogen source and rapidly removes the compound from the medium.
Book Synopsis Biological Upgrading of Coal Liquids. Final Report by :
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Book Synopsis Winter Waterfront : Year-round Use in Metropolitan Toronto by : Xenia Klinger
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