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Biological Control Of The Citrus Blackfly Aleurocanthus Woglumi Ashby By Prospaltella Opulenta Silv In Central Western Venezuela
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Book Synopsis Biological Control of the Citrus Blackfly (Aleurocanthus Woglumi Ashby) by Prospaltella Opulenta Silv. in Central-western Venezuela by : Hugo A. Chavez Torres
Download or read book Biological Control of the Citrus Blackfly (Aleurocanthus Woglumi Ashby) by Prospaltella Opulenta Silv. in Central-western Venezuela written by Hugo A. Chavez Torres and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Biological Control of the Citrus Blackfly (Aleurocanthus Woglumi Ashby) by Prospaltella Opulenta Silv. in Central-western Venezuela by : Hugo Chavez Torres
Download or read book Biological Control of the Citrus Blackfly (Aleurocanthus Woglumi Ashby) by Prospaltella Opulenta Silv. in Central-western Venezuela written by Hugo Chavez Torres and published by . This book was released on 2019-05-31 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: The citrus blackfly, Aleurocanthus woglumi Ashby, is assumed to be a native of India, India and Pakistan, South Asia, Southern China, and Asia. Specimens were first received by USDA, Entomology, in 1910 from Maxwell-Lefroy in India. The first report of A. woglumi in the Western Hemisphere was made by Ashby in Jamaica in 1915. From here the citrus blackfly invaded other countries and now is widely distributed in the Western Hemisphere. The introduction of the natural enemies from Asia to the Western Hemisphere can be divided into 2 stages. The first stage began in 1930, with shipment of Eretmocerus serius from Malaya to Cuba, where it was successfully established and controlled the citrus blackfly. This parasite was later introduced into other countries of the Hemisphere. The second stage began in 1949, with the shipment of parasitized material from India and Pakistand to Mexico. Of the species of parasites received in Mexico, Amitus hesperidum, Prospaltella opulenta, and P. clypealis proved to be the most effective in the control of the pest and were later introduced into other countries of the Hemisphere. After being found and eradicated by means of chemical applications from Florida (1937) and Texas (1955), the citrus blackfly reinvaded Texas in 1967 and Florida in 1976. It proved unfeasible, if not impossible, to eradicate these infestations, and both are now effectivelly controlled by parasites. Parasites have provided highly satisfactory control in all infested countries where they have been introduced. When earlier control seemed to break down (Jamaica), the situation was corrected by introduction of a second species of parasite. In Mexico, where adverse climatic or cultural factors cause sporadic local outbrakes, control is reestablished by reintroducing parasite from localities where they are abundant. In Venezuela, A. woglumi was first found in 1967 at San Antonio del Tachira and was first observed in Barquisimeto in 1968. By 1974, the citrus blackfly was widespread through all the country. The first shipment of Prospaltella opulenta from Mexico was received in 1975. Additional shipments were received in June 1976, and positive evidence of establishment was obteined between June and September. Beginning November 11, 1976, egg, nymphal, pupal and adult stages of the citrus blackfly were sampled at 3 citrus grove locations. The sample procedure included standardized leaf counts for the inmature stages. Adult populations were determined by visual counts. Leaf samples included square centimeter counts and were compared with whole leaf counts in an effort to establish reliability of the less laborious square inch method showing high correlation coefficients. Mortality factors were identified in the field as well as in the leaf samples; however, the combined effect of these observed and suspected mortality factors did not prevent the increase of citrus blackfly populations when more favorable conditions returned. After the release of P. opulenta the number of dead citrus blackflies increased as an effect of parasite host feeding as well as by stinging activity of the female parasite that fails to result in parasite development. Cales sp., a native parasite, probably played an important role as a host of the male P. opulenta which develops as secondary parasite and thus hastened the establishment and colonization of P. opulenta. As the introduced parasite increased to a level having a measurable effect on the host population, Cales sp. was displaced as a parasite of A. woglumi. The increase of the P. opulenta population was followed and its impact on the host population established. Complete biological control was achieved in 18 months after P. opulenta was released in the Central- Western region of Venezuela. Dissertation Discovery Company and University of Florida are dedicated to making scholarly works more discoverable and accessible throughout the world. This dissertation, "Biological Co
Book Synopsis Biological Control in Latin America and the Caribbean by : Joop C. van Lenteren
Download or read book Biological Control in Latin America and the Caribbean written by Joop C. van Lenteren and published by CABI. This book was released on 2019-12-21 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book summarizes the history of biological control in Latin America and the Caribbean. Few publications provide historical detail and the records are, therefore, fragmented until now. By bringing information together in this book, we offer a more complete picture of important developments in biological control on this continent. There are a wealth of text, tables and references about the history of such projects, and which were succesful and which failed. This will help plan future biocontrol projects. An overview is provided of the current situation in biological control for many Latin American and Caribbean countries, revealing an astonishing level of practical biological control applied in the regio, making it the largest area under biological control worldwide. The final part describes new developments and speculates about the future of biological control in Latin America and the Caribbean.
Book Synopsis Biological Control of the Citrus Blackfly in Mexico by : H.D. Smith
Download or read book Biological Control of the Citrus Blackfly in Mexico written by H.D. Smith and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The citrus blackfly (Aleurocanthus woglumi Ashby) is native to south Asia. It was firs discovered in the New Word on Jamaica, West Indies, in 1913. From there it spread to other West Indian islands, to Central and South America, and to Key West, Fla. It was eradicated at Key West in 1937.
Book Synopsis Dissertations and Theses on Venezuelan Topics, 1900-1985 by :
Download or read book Dissertations and Theses on Venezuelan Topics, 1900-1985 written by and published by Scarecrow Press. This book was released on 1988 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No descriptive material is available for this title.
Book Synopsis Biological Control of Citrus Blackfly in Texas by : Kenneth Rodney Summy
Download or read book Biological Control of Citrus Blackfly in Texas written by Kenneth Rodney Summy and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts International by :
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Biological Control of the Citrus Blackfly in Mexico by : Herbert Dwight Smith
Download or read book Biological Control of the Citrus Blackfly in Mexico written by Herbert Dwight Smith and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Bibliographies of the Entomological Society of America by :
Download or read book Bibliographies of the Entomological Society of America written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Comprehensive Dissertation Index by :
Download or read book Comprehensive Dissertation Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 832 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vols. for 1973- include the following subject areas: Biological sciences, Agriculture, Chemistry, Environmental sciences, Health sciences, Engineering, Mathematics and statistics, Earth sciences, Physics, Education, Psychology, Sociology, Anthropology, History, Law & political science, Business & economics, Geography & regional planning, Language & literature, Fine arts, Library & information science, Mass communications, Music, Philosophy and Religion.
Book Synopsis Research Progress Report on Chemical Control of the Citrus Blackfly, Aleurocanthus Woglumi Ashby by : James Arnold Reinert
Download or read book Research Progress Report on Chemical Control of the Citrus Blackfly, Aleurocanthus Woglumi Ashby written by James Arnold Reinert and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Comprehensive Dissertation Index: Biological Sciences A-E by :
Download or read book Comprehensive Dissertation Index: Biological Sciences A-E written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 838 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Second Research Program Report on Chemical Control of the Citrus Blackfly, Aleurocanthus Woglumi Ashby by : James Arnold Reinert
Download or read book Second Research Program Report on Chemical Control of the Citrus Blackfly, Aleurocanthus Woglumi Ashby written by James Arnold Reinert and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Citrus Blackfly, Aleurocanthus Woglumi Ashby by :
Download or read book Citrus Blackfly, Aleurocanthus Woglumi Ashby written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Latin America written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book LASA Newsletter written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis American Doctoral Dissertations by :
Download or read book American Doctoral Dissertations written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: