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Bilingual Selection Of Syntactic Knowledge
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Book Synopsis Bilingual Selection of Syntactic Knowledge by : Teresa Satterfield
Download or read book Bilingual Selection of Syntactic Knowledge written by Teresa Satterfield and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bilingual Selection of Syntactic Knowledge motivates a more formal approach in theoretical linguistics by investigating the parameters of syntactic variation and simultaneous acquisition of multiple languages. Taking the behavior of the Null Subject Parameter (NSP) across languages as an illustration, the book raises important questions concerning the adequacy of standard parameter-setting models in the face of compelling evidence from both mono- and bilingual child speech data. Teresa Satterfield argues convincingly that so-called `universal' premises guiding well-known parametric approaches greatly complicate attempts to construct an economical bilingual analysis. Further, she demonstrates the compatibility of more recent formulations in linguistic theory (i.e. the Minimalist Program) and studies on language learnability (Clark, 1992, 1993; Kapur, 1994) which present the view that while initially convincing, standard parameter models are potentially costly and less than effective in terms of monolinguals as well. Using Clark's application of the Genetic Algorithm as a point of departure, Bilingual Selection of Syntactic Knowledge describes a number of computational simulations. These simulations not only demonstrate the robustness of the GA-as-language-learner, they offer a more detailed account of the parameter-setting task confronting the bilingual child while also making more precise predictions regarding the process of syntactic knowledge.
Book Synopsis Bilingual Selection of Syntactic Knowledge by : Teresa L. Satterfield
Download or read book Bilingual Selection of Syntactic Knowledge written by Teresa L. Satterfield and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 606 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Acquisition of Syntactic Knowledge by : Robert C. Berwick
Download or read book The Acquisition of Syntactic Knowledge written by Robert C. Berwick and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1985 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The computer model. Computation and language acquisition. The acquisition model. Learning phrase structure. Learning transformations. A theory of acquisition. Acquisition complexity. Learning theory: applications. Locality principles and acquisition.
Book Synopsis Third Language Acquisition and Universal Grammar by : Yan-kit Ingrid Leung
Download or read book Third Language Acquisition and Universal Grammar written by Yan-kit Ingrid Leung and published by Multilingual Matters. This book was released on 2009-01-01 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents studies which approach the relatively new field of third language (L3) acquisition from the generative linguistic perspective. It aims to bring together researchers who are interested in L3 acquisition and who are at the same time working within the generative framework i.e. Chomsky's Universal Grammar (UG) approach to language acquisition. A total of nine contributions are included, reporting research on L3 involving different combinations of source/target languages and investigating various UG-related properties.
Book Synopsis Effects of the Second Language on the First by : Vivian Cook
Download or read book Effects of the Second Language on the First written by Vivian Cook and published by Multilingual Matters. This book was released on 2003-02-14 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book looks at changes in the first language of people who know a second language, thus seeing L2 users as people in their own right differing from the monolingual in both first and second languages. It presents theories and research that investigate the first language of second language users from a variety of perspectives including vocabulary, pragmatics, cognition, and syntax and using a variety of linguistic and psychological models.
Book Synopsis Portraits of the L2 User by : Vivian Cook
Download or read book Portraits of the L2 User written by Vivian Cook and published by Multilingual Matters. This book was released on 2002-08-06 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Portraits of the L2 User treats second language users in their own right rather than as failed native speakers. It describes a range of psychological and linguistic approaches to diverse topics about L2 users. It thus provides an innovative overview of current second language acquisition theories, results and methods, seen from a common perspective.
Book Synopsis East and West of The Pentacrest by : Timothy Gupton
Download or read book East and West of The Pentacrest written by Timothy Gupton and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2021-05-10 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a collection of contemporary essays and squibs exploring the mental representation of Spanish and other languages in the Romance family. Although largely formal in orientation, they incorporate experimental and corpus data to inform questions of synchronic and diachronic importance. As a whole, these contributions explore two areas of particular interest to linguistic theorizing. The first is linguistic interfaces with chapters on syntax-information structure, syntax-prosody, syntax-semantics, and lexicon-phonology. The second consists of explorations of noun phrases of all sizes—from clitics to nominalized clauses. The results and conclusions of these studies encourage researchers to continue to explore individual languages in particular in order to gain insight on human language in general. This edited volume in honor of Dr. Paula Kempchinsky is reflective of the diversity of approaches that inspired her teaching, research, and mentoring for over thirty years at the University of Iowa and beyond.
Book Synopsis Variation within and across Romance Languages by : Marie-Hélène Côté
Download or read book Variation within and across Romance Languages written by Marie-Hélène Côté and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2014-12-15 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is a selection of twenty peer-reviewed articles first presented at the 41st annual Linguistic Symposium on Romance Languages (LSRL), held at the University of Ottawa in 2011. They are thematically linked by a broad notion of variation across languages, dialects, speakers, time, linguistic contexts, and communicative situations. Furthermore, the articles address common theoretical and empirical issues from different formal, experimental, or corpus-based perspectives. The languages analyzed belong to the main members of the Romance family, Spanish, Portuguese, Catalan, French, Ladin, Italian, Sardinian, and Romanian, and a variety of topics across a wide spectrum of linguistic subfields, from phonetics to semantics, as well as historical linguistics, bilingualism and second-language learning, is covered. By illustrating the richness and complementarity of subjects, methods, and theoretical frameworks explored within Romance linguistics, significant contributieons are made to both the documentation of Romance languages and to linguistic theory.
Book Synopsis Language Attrition by : Barbara Köpke
Download or read book Language Attrition written by Barbara Köpke and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2007 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of articles provides theoretical foundations and perspectives for language attrition research. Its purpose is to enable investigations of L1 attrition to avail themselves more fully and more fundamentally of the theoretical frameworks that have been formulated with respect to SLA and bilingualism. In the thirteen papers collected here, experts in particular disciplines of bilingualism, such as neurolinguistics, formal linguistics, contact linguistics and language and identity, provide an in-depth perspective on L1 attrition which will make the translation of theory to hypothesis easier for future research.
Book Synopsis Multilingual Perspectives on Translanguaging by : Jeff MacSwan
Download or read book Multilingual Perspectives on Translanguaging written by Jeff MacSwan and published by Channel View Publications. This book was released on 2022-07-13 with total page 558 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together a broad, interdisciplinary group of leading scholars to critically assess a recent proposal within translanguaging theory called deconstructivism: the view that discrete or ‘named’ languages do not exist. Contributors explore important topics in relation to the deconstructivist turn in translanguaging, including epistemology, language ideology, bilingual linguistic competence, codeswitching, bilingual first language acquisition, the neurolinguistics of bilingualism, the significance of language naming to Indigenous language reclamation efforts, implications for bilingual education and language rights, and the effects of translanguaging on immersion programs for endangered languages. Contributing authors converge on support for a multilingual perspective on translanguaging which affirms the pedagogical and conceptual aims of translanguaging but rejects deconstructivism. The book makes a valuable contribution to the development of translanguaging theory and will be required reading for scholars and students interested in one of the most vibrant and vital debates in contemporary applied linguistics.
Book Synopsis Syntactic Representations of English in Second Language Learners by : Sunfa Kim
Download or read book Syntactic Representations of English in Second Language Learners written by Sunfa Kim and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation reports the results of within-English structural priming experiments in language production which investigated the syntactic representations of English syntactic structures in three different bilingual groups: Japanese-English, Korean-English, and Mandarin Chinese-English bilinguals. Specifically, my dissertation research investigates representations of second language (L2 hereafter) syntactic structures in late learners of L2. It addresses the question of whether representations of L2 syntactic structures which exist in speakers' first language and representations of L2 syntactic structures which do not exist in speakers' first language have differential influences on the production of subsequent utterances.^It does so by looking at priming of L2 syntactic structures that are available in bilinguals' two languages and comparing it with priming of L2 syntactic structures that are available in bilinguals' L2 but not in their first language (L1 hereafter). Bernolet, Hartsuiker, and Pickering (2007) proposed that syntactic structures that differ in constituent order between two languages are represented separately for each language. Accordingly, L2 learners must acquire new L2 syntactic representations if their L1 has a different constituent order. The present study investigated whether there are any aspects of L1 syntactic knowledge which L2 learners rely on to learn new L2 syntactic structures, even when constituent orders differ. According to Bock and Levelt's (1994) model of language production, grammatical encoding comprises two phases: functional processing and positional processing.^At the level of functional processing, lexical concepts that are suitable for conveying the speaker's message are identified (termed "lexical selection") and grammatical functions (such as subject and direct object) are assigned (termed "functional assignment"). The output of functional processing carries no intrinsic order. Positional processing imposes a sequence on the elements. I hypothesized that the level of functional processing is shared between two languages even if they have different word orders, thereby facilitating late L2 learners to learn L2 syntactic structures with new constituent orders.^To test this hypothesis, priming of English (L2) syntactic structures that were available in bilinguals' L1 and L2 was compared with priming of English (L2) syntactic structures that were available in bilinguals' L2 but not in L1. Within-English structural priming experiments of the transitive alternation and the dative alternation were conducted with native speakers of English, and Japanese-English, Korean-English and Mandarin Chinese-English bilingual speakers. On each priming trial, participants first read a priming sentence in a particular syntactic form aloud. Then, a picture unrelated to the priming sentence was presented and the participants described the picture.^What was of interest in the present study was the syntactic form of the description the participants produced. The results of Experiment 1 demonstrated that the structures of priming sentences influenced how native speakers of English described the target pictures in both the transitive and dative alternation, replicating previous findings of structural priming effects. Also, there was some evidence that native speakers of English were sensitive to semantic characteristics of priming sentences. The results of Experiment 2 demonstrated that the same Japanese-English bilingual participants showed structural priming in the transitive alternation but not in the dative alternation. The results of Experiment 3 replicated the result of Experiment 2 with a new pairing of L1 and L2; the same Korean-English bilingual participants showed structural priming in the transitive alternation but not in the dative alternation.^Crucially, the transitive alternation exists in L1 Japanese and L1 Korean while the dative alternation does not exist in L1 Japanese and L1 Korean. Thus, representations of L2 syntactic structures which exist in a speaker's first language and representations of L2 syntactic structures which do not exist in a speaker's first language had differential influences on the production of subsequent utterances. The results of Experiment 4 demonstrated the null results in the dative alternation in Experiments 2 and 3 were not due to something peculiar to the structural alternation of datives. Structural priming was found in the dative alternation in Mandarin Chinese-English bilingual speakers. Crucially, the dative alternation exists in L1 Mandarin Chinese. The present study provided some evidence for shared syntactic processing at the level of functional processing for bilinguals whose L1 and L2 have different word orders.^This shared syntactic processing appeared to facilitate late L2 learners to learn L2 syntactic structures which have a different word order from those of L1. These results provide support for an underlying continuity between the processes of L1 and L2 sentence production in typologically different languages. The results from the present study also suggested the adult language production system is rather inflexible with regard to a novel L2 syntactic structure. Acquiring an L2 syntactic structure which does not exist in a speaker's first language is difficult because it involves learning a new relational linking at the level of functional processing as well as a new ordering of constituents at the level of positional processing. Taken as a whole, these results suggest syntactic options available in bilinguals' L1 must be taken into account by models of syntactic representations in bilingual speakers.
Book Synopsis Applications of Complex Adaptive Systems by : Shan, Yin
Download or read book Applications of Complex Adaptive Systems written by Shan, Yin and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2008-02-28 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book provides an estimable global view of the most up-to-date research on the strategies, applications, practice, and implications of complex adaptive systems, to better understand the various critical systems that surround human life. Researchers will find this book an indispensable state-of-art reference"--Provided by publisher.
Book Synopsis Syntax - Theory and Analysis. Volume 3 by : Tibor Kiss
Download or read book Syntax - Theory and Analysis. Volume 3 written by Tibor Kiss and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2015-03-10 with total page 708 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook represents the development of research and the current level of knowledge in the fields of syntactic theory and syntax analysis. Syntax can look back to a long tradition. Especially in the last 50 years, however, the interaction between syntactic theory and syntactic analysis has led to a rapid increase in analyses and theoretical suggestions. This second edition of the Handbook on Syntax adopts a unifying perspective and therefore does not place the division of syntactic theory into several schools to the fore, but the increase in knowledge resulting from the fruitful argumentations between syntactic analysis and syntactic theory. It uses selected phenomena of individual languages and their cross-linguistic realizations to explain what syntactic analyses can do and at the same time to show in what respects syntactic theories differ from each other. It investigates how syntax is related to neighbouring disciplines and investigate the role of the interfaces especially the relationship between syntax and phonology, morphology, compositional semantics, pragmatics, and the lexicon. The phenomena chosen bring together renowned experts in syntax, and represent the consensus reached as to what has to be considered as an important as well as illustrative syntactic phenomenon. The phenomena discuss do not only serve to show syntactic analyses, but also to compare theoretical approaches with each other.
Book Synopsis L3 Syntactic Transfer by : Tanja Angelovska
Download or read book L3 Syntactic Transfer written by Tanja Angelovska and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2017-08-15 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book fills an existing gap in the field of third language acquisition (L3A) by bringing together theoretical, empirical, and practical accounts that contribute to informed teaching practices in multilingual classrooms. The volume is organised into three sections that focus on prominent syntactic transfer models in the field of L3A and together provide insights into the interplay of the influences of prior languages in L3 syntax and how we can enrich the practical field of instructed L3 acquisition. Part I includes original papers dealing with new developments of existing theoretical models on syntactic transfer in L3A and Part II consists of empirical studies testing existing models from different perspectives (formal, lexico-functional, and neurocognitive). Following these two sections, Part III discusses how theory can inform practices for L3 learning and teaching. This concise compilation brings to light innovations, not only in terms of theoretical refinements and practical implementations, but also in offering an impressive range of language combinations. This book is intended to act as a unique resource for scholars, applied linguists, language educators, both novices and experts alike, in and beyond the field of L3A.
Book Synopsis Learning Classifier Systems by : Pier L. Lanzi
Download or read book Learning Classifier Systems written by Pier L. Lanzi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2003-06-26 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learning Classifier Systems (LCS) are a machine learning paradigm introduced by John Holland in 1976. They are rule-based systems in which learning is viewed as a process of ongoing adaptation to a partially unknown environment through genetic algorithms and temporal difference learning. This book provides a unique survey of the current state of the art of LCS and highlights some of the most promising research directions. The first part presents various views of leading people on what learning classifier systems are. The second part is devoted to advanced topics of current interest, including alternative representations, methods for evaluating rule utility, and extensions to existing classifier system models. The final part is dedicated to promising applications in areas like data mining, medical data analysis, economic trading agents, aircraft maneuvering, and autonomous robotics. An appendix comprising 467 entries provides a comprehensive LCS bibliography.
Book Synopsis Development of Syntactic Skills in Relation to Reading Acquisition Among Chinese-English Bilingual Students by : Tik-Sze Carrey Siu
Download or read book Development of Syntactic Skills in Relation to Reading Acquisition Among Chinese-English Bilingual Students written by Tik-Sze Carrey Siu and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-26 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Development of Syntactic Skills in Relation to Reading Acquisition Among Chinese-English Bilingual Students" by Tik-sze, Carrey, Siu, 蕭狄詩, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: The ever-growing bilingual population worldwide has fuelled research on how a first (L1) and a second (L2) language interact to affect bilinguals' language and reading acquisition. The present thesis centred on bilinguals' syntactic skills in L1 Chinese and in typologically distant L2 English, and their cross-language interactions with reading development. Study 1 was a two-year longitudinal study in which 198 grade 1 and 203 grade 3 Hong Kong Chinese-English bilinguals participated. The children were assessed on syntactic skills and reading comprehension in Chinese and in English, nonverbal intelligence, working memory, language-related skills, and were re-tested after one year. Study 1A primarily examined the contrasting roles of morphosyntactic and word order skills in Chinese and English reading across grades. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that reading comprehension was differentially dependent on the two syntactic skills across ages and languages. Word order, relative to morphosyntactic skill, was critical to text comprehension at an earlier time. Word order was also more important to reading in Chinese, whereas reading in English gradually relied more on morphosyntactic skill. Study 1B used structural equation modelling to study the cross-language relationships. Mediation analyses showed that L1 Chinese syntactic skills cross-linguistically predicted L2 English reading comprehension over time; this prospective association was largely mediated by L2 English syntactic skills among the fourth graders. Further analyses suggested that word order skill was more transfer-ready than morphosyntactic skill, indicating an effect of linguistic distance upon language transfer. Beyond a mere cross-language syntactic transfer, Study 2 was designed to examine if bilinguals' dual-language experience fostered further syntactic advancement via enhancing sensitivity to underlying syntactic structures. Participants in Study 2 comprised three age cohorts, including 69 primary school children, 56 secondary school adolescents, and 73 undergraduate adults. They were tested on morphosyntactic skill, word order skill, artificial syntax learning, and general cognitive abilities. Across the three cohorts, the Chinese-English bilinguals performed better than their English monolingual peers in acquiring a novel syntax and processing morphosyntax specific to English. The bilingual adults also performed better than their monolingual peers in manipulating language-specific word order. Moreover, the adolescent and adult bilinguals were also assessed on analogical reasoning; the bilinguals who were more skilled at abstracting similarities and differences between structures were generally superior in learning the new syntactic patterns and processing language-specific word order. Study 2 thus supports the structural sensitivity hypothesis that bilinguals' advantage is not confined to knowledge and strategies specific to the additional language, but constitutes a more abstract representation of underlying linguistic structures in general. The findings collectively suggest how syntactic and reading skills can be developed in a bilingual learning context. Teachers may evoke L1 syntactic knowledge and map it onto L2 corresponding features to facilitate L2 reading. Drawing analogy between parallel L1 and L2 constructions works through making biling
Book Synopsis Advances in Evolutionary Computing by : Ashish Ghosh
Download or read book Advances in Evolutionary Computing written by Ashish Ghosh and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 1001 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a collection of fourty articles containing new material on both theoretical aspects of Evolutionary Computing (EC), and demonstrating the usefulness/success of it for various kinds of large-scale real world problems. Around 23 articles deal with various theoretical aspects of EC and 17 articles demonstrate the success of EC methodologies. These articles are written by leading experts of the field from different countries all over the world.
