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Beta Scaling Of Transport On The Diii D Tokamak Is Transportelectrostatic Or Electromagnetic
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Book Synopsis BETA SCALING OF TRANSPORT ON THE DIII-D TOKAMAK: IS TRANSPORTELECTROSTATIC OR ELECTROMAGNETIC? by :
Download or read book BETA SCALING OF TRANSPORT ON THE DIII-D TOKAMAK: IS TRANSPORTELECTROSTATIC OR ELECTROMAGNETIC? written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Determining the scaling of transport with ([beta]), the ratio of the plasma kinetic pressure to the magnetic pressure, helps to differentiate between various proposed theories of turbulent transport since mechanisms that are primarily electrostatic show little change in transport with increasing [beta], while primarily electromagnetic mechanisms generally have a strong unfavorable [beta] scaling. Experiments on the DIII-D tokamak have measured the [beta] scaling of heat transport with all of the other dimensionless parameters held constant in high confinement mode (H-mode) plasmas with edge localized modes (ELMs). A four point scan varied [beta] from 30% to 85% of the ideal ballooning stability limit (normalized beta from 1.0 to 2.8) and found no change in the normalized confinement time, i.e., B[tau][sub th] [infinity] [beta][sup -0.01] [+-] 0.09. The measured thermal diffusivities, normalized to the Bohm diffusion coefficient, also did not vary during the [beta] can to within the experimental uncertainties, whereas the normalized helium particle transport decreased with increasing [beta]. The H-mode pedestal [beta] varied in concert with the core [beta] and showed no signs of saturation. This weak, possibly non-existent, [beta] scaling of transport favors primarily electrostatic mechanisms such as E x B transport, and is in marked disagreement with the strong unfavorable [beta] dependence contained in empirical scaling relations derived from multi-machine H-mode confinement databases.
Download or read book Tokamak Plasma written by B. B. Kadomtsev and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1992 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The importance of tokamaks and their role in fusion reactors has been known for some time, but it is only now that plasma physicists have reached a clear understanding of the major principles governing the behaviour of confined high-temperature plasma. This book gives a timely and comprehensive survey of these concepts as well as a simple presentation of the basic physics involved. The topics discussed include: the theory of plasma equilibrium and its main instabilities, semi-empirical approaches for investigating heat transport, major plasma instabilities restricting the region of a tokamak's operating modes, a variety of plasma confinement regimes and other phenomena such as MARFE, magnetic bubbles and fishbones. The author proposes a new mechanism for anomalous heat transport connected with the idea of microscale 'island' structure. The information is presented in a clear and systematic way which will make this book interesting and useful to a broad spectrum of scientists and engineers involved in fusion reactor research. '...an excellent book - authoritative, broad and bristling with insight' Professor R D Hazeltine, The University of Texas at Austin.
Book Synopsis Iter Physics by : C Wendell Horton, Jr
Download or read book Iter Physics written by C Wendell Horton, Jr and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2015-06-25 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The promise of a vast and clean source of thermal power drove physics research for over fifty years and has finally come to collimation with the international consortium led by the European Union and Japan, with an agreement from seven countries to build a definitive test of fusion power in ITER. It happened because scientists since the Manhattan project have envisioned controlled nuclear fusion in obtaining energy with no carbon dioxide emissions and no toxic nuclear waste products.This large toroidal magnetic confinement ITER machine is described from confinement process to advanced physics of plasma-wall interactions, where pulses erupt from core plasma blistering the machine walls. Emissions from the walls reduce the core temperature which must remain ten times hotter than the 15 million degree core solar temperature to maintain ITER fusion power. The huge temperature gradient from core to wall that drives intense plasma turbulence is described in detail.Also explained are the methods designed to limit the growth of small magnetic islands, the growth of edge localized plasma plumes and the solid state physics limits of the stainless steel walls of the confinement vessel from the burning plasma. Designs of the wall coatings and the special 'exhaust pipe' for spent hot plasma are provided in two chapters. And the issues associated with high-energy neutrons — about 10 times higher than in fission reactions — and how they are managed in ITER, are detailed.
Book Synopsis Metallic Glasses by : Behrooz Movahedi
Download or read book Metallic Glasses written by Behrooz Movahedi and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2016-08-17 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metallic glasses and amorphous materials have attracted much more attention in the last two decades. A noncrystalline solid produced by continuous cooling from the liquid state is known as a glass. From the other point of view, a noncrystalline material, obtained by any other process, for example, vapor deposition or solid-state processing methods such as mechanical alloying, but not directly from the liquid state, is referred to as an amorphous material. At this moment, bulk metallic glasses (BMG) are appearing as a new class of metallic materials with unique physical and mechanical properties for structural and functional usage. Extreme values of strength, fracture toughness, magnetic properties, corrosion resistance, and other properties have been registered in BMG materials.
