Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Best Practices For The Validation Of Us Offshore Wind Resource Models
Download Best Practices For The Validation Of Us Offshore Wind Resource Models full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Best Practices For The Validation Of Us Offshore Wind Resource Models ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis Best Practices for the Validation of U.S. Offshore Wind Resource Models by :
Download or read book Best Practices for the Validation of U.S. Offshore Wind Resource Models written by and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a comprehensive set of best practices for working with both modeled and measured US offshore wind resource data sets. We specifically target two key questions in this report. First, what are the best data sources and methods for validating modeled wind resource estimates? Second, what are the best methods for vertically extrapolating near-surface wind speed measurements to heights that span the rotor-swept area of modern offshore wind turbines?
Book Synopsis Comparison of Mesoscale Model Setups for Offshore Wind Resource Assessment: A New Jersey Case Study by :
Download or read book Comparison of Mesoscale Model Setups for Offshore Wind Resource Assessment: A New Jersey Case Study written by and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the offshore wind energy industry begins to emerge on the U.S. northeast coast, there is an urgent need for an accurate characterization of the offshore wind resource. The offshore regime features various resource characteristics not seen onshore, including frequent coastal low-level jets, non-steady surface conditions (e.g. waves), complex air-sea and land-sea interactions, and coastal mesoscale circulations (e.g. sea breeze). An accurate characterization of these phenomena in mesoscale models is critical to support accurate energy production estimates and forecasting for future offshore wind farms. However, a robust validation of mesoscale model performance in the offshore U.S. has been limited due to sparse data and difficulty obtaining offshore measurements. Consequently, it is unclear how mesoscale models perform offshore and which suite of parameterizations and input data are best suited for accurate resource characterization. To begin addressing this knowledge gap, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, in collaboration with the Rutgers Center for Ocean Observing Leadership, conducted a mesoscale model validation campaign in the offshore environment. The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model was assessed and the New Jersey offshore coastal area served as the validation domain. An ensemble of WRF simulations conducted over a one-year period sampled from a range of model setups, including different reanalysis and forecast data inputs, sea surface temperature data inputs, planetary boundary layer parameterizations, and WRF versions. The performance of each ensemble member was validated against a network of observations including offshore floating lidars, coastal met towers, offshore platform measurements, and offshore buoys. Model performance was assessed on annual, seasonal, and diurnal scales with particular emphasis on the vertical wind speed profile and temperature stratification. Preliminary results from this validation work will be presented here. The key WRF inputs and parameters driving changes in the modeled wind resource will be discussed and preliminary recommendations on WRF setups for offshore wind resource modeling will be proposed. The application of this validation exercise to other proposed offshore wind energy areas in the U.S. will also be discussed. mesoscale circulations (e.g. sea breeze). An accurate characterization of these phenomena in mesoscale models is critical to support accurate energy production estimates and forecasting for future offshore wind farms. However, a robust validation of mesoscale model performance in the offshore U.S. has been limited due to sparse data and difficulty obtaining offshore measurements. Consequently, it is unclear how mesoscale models perform offshore and which suite of parameterizations and input data are best suited for accurate resource characterization. To begin addressing this knowledge gap, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, in collaboration with the Rutgers Center for Ocean Observing Leadership, conducted a mesoscale model validation campaign in the offshore environment. The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model was assessed and the New Jersey offshore coastal area served as the validation domain. An ensemble of WRF simulations conducted over a one-year period sampled from a range of model setups, including different reanalysis and forecast data inputs, sea surface temperature data inputs, planetary boundary layer parameterizations, and WRF versions. The performance of each ensemble member was validated against a network of observations including offshore floating lidars, coastal met towers, offshore platform measurements, and offshore buoys. Model performance was assessed on annual, seasonal, and diurnal scales with particular emphasis on the vertical wind speed profile and temperature stratification. Preliminary results from this validation work will be presented here. The key WRF inputs and parameters driving changes in the modeled wind resource will be discussed and preliminary recommendations on WRF setups for offshore wind resource modeling will be proposed. The application of this validation exercise to other proposed offshore wind energy areas in the U.S. will also be discussed.
Book Synopsis Validation of New Wind Resource Maps by :
Download or read book Validation of New Wind Resource Maps written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) recently led a project to validate updated state wind resource maps for the northwestern United States produced by a private U.S. company, TrueWind Solutions (TWS). The independent validation project was a cooperative activity among NREL, TWS, and meteorological consultants. It became clear that using a numerical modeling approach for wind resource mapping was rapidly gaining ground as a preferred technique and if the trend continues, it will soon become the most widely used technique around the world. The numerical modeling approach is a relatively fast application compared to older mapping methods and, in theory, should be quite accurate because it directly estimates the magnitude of boundary-layer processes that affect the wind resource of a particular location. Numerical modeling output combined with high-resolution terrain data can produce useful wind resource information at a resolution of 1 km or lower. However, because the use of the numerical modeling approach is new (last 3-5 years) and relatively unproven, meteorological consultants question the accuracy of the approach.
Book Synopsis Wind Resource Assessment by : Michael Brower
Download or read book Wind Resource Assessment written by Michael Brower and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-06-19 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A practical, authoritative guide to the assessment of wind resources for utility-scale wind projects authored by a team of experts from a leading renewable energy consultancy The successful development of wind energy projects depends on an accurate assessment of where, how often, and how strongly the wind blows. A mistake in this stage of evaluation can cause severe financial losses and missed opportunities for developers, lenders, and investors. Wind Resource Assessment: A Practical Guide to Developing a Wind Project shows readers how to achieve a high standard of resource assessment, reduce the uncertainty associated with long-term energy performance, and maximize the value of their project assets. Beginning with the siting, installation, and operation of a high-quality wind monitoring program, this book continues with methods of data quality control and validation, extrapolating measurements from anemometer height to turbine height, adjusting short-term observations for historical climate conditions, and wind flow modeling to account for terrain and surface conditions. In addition, Wind Resource Assessment addresses special topics such as: Worker safety Data security Remote sensing technology (sodar and lidar) Offshore resource assessment Impacts of climate change Uncertainty estimation Plant design and energy production estimatio Filled with important information ranging from basic fundamentals of wind to cutting-edge research topics, and accompanied by helpful references and discussion questions, this comprehensive text designed for an international audience is a vital reference that promotes consistent standards for wind assessment across the industry.
Book Synopsis Guidelines for Wind Resource Assessment by : Asian Development Bank
Download or read book Guidelines for Wind Resource Assessment written by Asian Development Bank and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2014-05-01 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wind Resource Assessment (WRA) is a pivotal step in the development phase because it determines the bankability of wind projects. The Asian Development Bank’s Quantum Leap in Wind Power Development in Asia and the Pacific project has developed WRA guidelines that encapsulate best practices for new and emerging wind energy markets with the goal of accelerating wind energy development. The guidelines address challenges to policy support for WRA, wind measurement, wind data processing, wind flow modeling, and estimation of losses and uncertainty. These are challenges faced in these markets by policy makers, implementation agencies, utilities, developers, and financiers.
Book Synopsis Assessment of Offshore Wind Energy Resources for the United States by : Department of Energy
Download or read book Assessment of Offshore Wind Energy Resources for the United States written by Department of Energy and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-09-18 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes the offshore wind resource potential, based on map estimates, for the contiguous United States and Hawaii, as of May 2009. The development of this assessment has evolved over multiple stages as new regional meso-scale assessments became available, new validation data were obtained, and better modeling capabilities were implemented. It is expected that further updates to the current assessment will be made in future books. Offshore wind energy development promises to be a significant domestic renewable energy source, especially for coastal energy loads with limited access to interstate grid transmission. The definition of the magnitude and distribution of this resource required the development of a standard and flexible database. Developed using Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques, the database includes offshore wind resource characteristics such as wind speed, water depth, and distance from shore. It combines the resource characteristics with state administrative areas and quantifies the resource for several scenarios. In the future, the database may be expanded to include other important characteristics such as wave power density, extreme wind and wave, ocean currents, and a number of other parameters important to the design of offshore wind turbines. The primary method used to present the offshore wind resource data are maps that categorize the resource by annual average wind speed at 90 meters (m) above the surface. The resource maps extend from the shoreline out to 50 nautical miles (nm) offshore. Exceptions to the 50 nm mapped distance are the Great Lakes that were mapped in their entirety for the offshore resource and Massachusetts, where the computed resource did not extend 50 nm from the edge of the Nantucket Island and Martha's Vineyard in southeastern Massachusetts. The offshore maps for some states do not extend 50 nm because of state and administrative boundaries.
Book Synopsis Improving Atmospheric Models for Offshore Wind Resource Mapping and Prediction Using LIDAR, Aircraft, and In-ocean Observations by :
Download or read book Improving Atmospheric Models for Offshore Wind Resource Mapping and Prediction Using LIDAR, Aircraft, and In-ocean Observations written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This final report describes the comprehensive findings on a project to validate and improve atmospheric models for offshore wind resource mapping and prediction.
Author :National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Offshore Wind Energy Turbine Structural and Operating Safety Publisher :Transportation Research Board ISBN 13 :0309160820 Total Pages :194 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (91 download)
Book Synopsis Structural Integrity of Offshore Wind Turbines: Oversight of Design, Fabrication, and Installation by : National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Offshore Wind Energy Turbine Structural and Operating Safety
Download or read book Structural Integrity of Offshore Wind Turbines: Oversight of Design, Fabrication, and Installation written by National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Offshore Wind Energy Turbine Structural and Operating Safety and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2011-09-02 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The U.S. Department of the Interior's Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation, and Enforcement (BOEMRE) is responsible for the orderly, safe, and environmentally responsible development of offshore renewable energy on the outer continental shelf (OCS). The Committee on Offshore Wind Energy Turbine Structural and Operating Safety that authored this report was tasked with reviewing BOEMRE's proposed approach to overseeing the design of offshore wind turbines for structural integrity. The committee was asked to review the applicability and adequacy of standards and practices that could be used for the design, fabrication and installation of offshore wind turbines. It was also asked to review the role of third-party certified verification agents (CVAs) and the expertise and qualifications needed to carry out the role of a CVA. The committee's findings are presented in the following chapters: (1) Introduction; (2) Offshore Wind Technology and Status; (3) Standards and Practices; (4) A Risk-Informed Approach to Performance Assurance; (5) Role of Third-Party Oversight and Certified Verification Agents; (6) Qualifications Needed by Certified Verification Agents; and (7) Summary of Key Findings and Recommendations."--Pub. desc.
Book Synopsis Floating Offshore Wind Farms by : Laura Castro-Santos
Download or read book Floating Offshore Wind Farms written by Laura Castro-Santos and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-03-05 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview of floating offshore wind farms and focuses on the economic aspects of this renewable-energy technology. It presents economic maps demonstrating the main costs, and explores various important aspects of floating offshore wind farms. It examines topics including offshore wind turbines, floating offshore wind platforms, mooring and anchoring, as well as offshore electrical systems. It is a particularly useful resource in light of the fact that most water masses are deep and therefore not suitable for fixed offshore wind farms. A valuable reference work for students and researchers interested in naval and ocean engineering and economics, this book provides a new perspective on floating offshore wind farms, and makes a useful contribution to the existing literature.
Book Synopsis Floating Offshore Wind Array Systems Optimization Off the US West Coast Using an Extended Pattern Search Algorithm by : Caitlin P. Forinash
Download or read book Floating Offshore Wind Array Systems Optimization Off the US West Coast Using an Extended Pattern Search Algorithm written by Caitlin P. Forinash and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The large wind resource off the United States West Coast has the potential to generate wind power for millions of homes, yet the high cost of energy for offshore wind power compared to traditional sources has slowed the development of offshore wind farms in the US. The four studies presented in this work explore optimal layouts for floating offshore wind energy systems off the US west coast in order to drive down costs. A moderately stochastic optimization method known as an Extended Pattern Search (EPS) is applied to a unidirectional, single wind speed case, and a multidirectional, multiple wind speed case. Another study is presented that evaluates commonly-implemented and symmetrical wind farm layouts in both unidirectional and multidirectional wind cases. Lastly, a study is presented that explores the use of seeded initial layouts in the optimization of wind energy systems. Three advanced models are incorporated into the EPS: (1) a cost model developed specifically for this work, (2) a power development model that selects hub height and rotor radius to optimize power production, and (3) a wake propagation and interaction model that determines aerodynamic effects. Results from this work derive best practices that can be employed by offshore wind farm developers to improve the layout of platforms, and may contribute to reducing barriers to implementation, enabling developers and policy makers to have a clearer understanding of the resulting cost and power production of computationally optimized farms.
Book Synopsis High-resolution Computational Algorithms for Simulating Offshore Wind Turbines and Farms by :
Download or read book High-resolution Computational Algorithms for Simulating Offshore Wind Turbines and Farms written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present project involves the development of modeling and analysis design tools for assessing offshore wind turbine technologies. The computational tools developed herein are able to resolve the effects of the coupled interaction of atmospheric turbulence and ocean waves on aerodynamic performance and structural stability and reliability of offshore wind turbines and farms. Laboratory scale experiments have been carried out to derive data sets for validating the computational models.
Book Synopsis Final Technical Report. DeepCwind Consortium Research Program. January 15, 2010 - March 31, 2013 by :
Download or read book Final Technical Report. DeepCwind Consortium Research Program. January 15, 2010 - March 31, 2013 written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the final technical report for the U.S. Department of Energy-funded program, DE-0002981: DeepCwind Consortium Research Program. The project objective was the partial validation of coupled models and optimization of materials for offshore wind structures. The United States has a great opportunity to harness an indigenous abundant renewable energy resource: offshore wind. In 2010, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) estimated there to be over 4,000 GW of potential offshore wind energy found within 50 nautical miles of the US coastlines (Musial and Ram, 2010). The US Energy Information Administration reported the total annual US electric energy generation in 2010 was 4,120 billion kilowatt-hours (equivalent to 470 GW) (US EIA, 2011), slightly more than 10% of the potential offshore wind resource. In addition, deep water offshore wind is the dominant US ocean energy resource available comprising 75% of the total assessed ocean energy resource as compared to wave and tidal resources (Musial, 2008). Through these assessments it is clear offshore wind can be a major contributor to US energy supplies. The caveat to capturing offshore wind along many parts of the US coast is deep water. Nearly 60%, or 2,450 GW, of the estimated US offshore wind resource is located in water depths of 60 m or more (Musial and Ram, 2010). At water depths over 60 m building fixed offshore wind turbine foundations, such as those found in Europe, is likely economically infeasible (Musial et al., 2006). Therefore floating wind turbine technology is seen as the best option for extracting a majority of the US offshore wind energy resource. Volume 1 - Test Site; Volume 2 - Coupled Models; and Volume 3 - Composite Materials.
Book Synopsis Metocean Data Management and Modeling to Support U.S. Offshore Wind Power Development in the Mid-Atlantic by :
Download or read book Metocean Data Management and Modeling to Support U.S. Offshore Wind Power Development in the Mid-Atlantic written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Efforts to encourage more conservative electricity consumption, through public awareness campaigns and government-mandated energy efficiency standards, have consistently been overshadowed by population increase and increased standards of living, leading to higher electricity demand, year after year. Sufficient resources and technology exist to support the development of a robust offshore wind industry to help meet this rising demand, but a number of barriers unique to the U.S. have hindered progress. Addressing many of these obstacles involves resolving uncertainty issues related to development. Not only is there a general lack of data to provide stakeholders, developers, and governing authorities with sufficient information for informed decision-making for offshore wind projects, but the data that do exist are often fragmented or isolated within a particular project or application. There is an immediate need to improve the reliability of metocean data as it pertains to characterizing the offshore wind resource, and to share that and other related information in a standard format that promotes and encourages interoperability across multiple platforms associated with offshore wind development. The methodology for addressing some of these data challenges began with the evaluation of a proposed improvement to a particular atmospheric modeling system being utilized to provide wind resource data within the "Virginia Offshore Wind Advanced Technology Demonstration Site Development" project. By considering the current limitations associated with SST data acquisition and initial analyses, it was determined that the integration of higher resolution SST data would be valuable only if latency issues in the data were resolved, which would require the development of an SST forecasting mode to be coupled with the operational model. This did not prove justifiable due to the lack of significant improvements in wind speed forecasting capability. Data accessibility issues were then addressed in the development of a web mapping portal designed to dynamically display geo-referenced project results and integrate publicly-available metocean data. By utilizing best practices for data sharing and information dissemination, optimum interoperability was established through smart design and the use of standard web service protocols.
Book Synopsis Validation of RU-WRF, the Custom Atmospheric Mesoscale Model of the Rutgers Center for Ocean Observing Leadership by : Michael Optis
Download or read book Validation of RU-WRF, the Custom Atmospheric Mesoscale Model of the Rutgers Center for Ocean Observing Leadership written by Michael Optis and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Offshore Wind Resource Assessment and a Look Into Model Errors in Wind Forecasts by : Matthew Brenton Corkum
Download or read book An Offshore Wind Resource Assessment and a Look Into Model Errors in Wind Forecasts written by Matthew Brenton Corkum and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Calibration and Validation of a Spar-type Floating Offshore Wind Turbine Model Using the FAST Dynamic Simulation Tool by :
Download or read book Calibration and Validation of a Spar-type Floating Offshore Wind Turbine Model Using the FAST Dynamic Simulation Tool written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this study, high-quality computer simulations are required when designing floating wind turbines because of the complex dynamic responses that are inherent with a high number of degrees of freedom and variable metocean conditions. In 2007, the FAST wind turbine simulation tool, developed and maintained by the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE's) National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), was expanded to include capabilities that are suitable for modeling floating offshore wind turbines. In an effort to validate FAST and other offshore wind energy modeling tools, DOE funded the DeepCwind project that tested three prototype floating wind turbines at 1/50th scale in a wave basin, including a semisubmersible, a tension-leg platform, and a spar buoy. This paper describes the use of the results of the spar wave basin tests to calibrate and validate the FAST offshore floating simulation tool, and presents some initial results of simulated dynamic responses of the spar to several combinations of wind and sea states. Wave basin tests with the spar attached to a scale model of the NREL 5-megawatt reference wind turbine were performed at the Maritime Research Institute Netherlands under the DeepCwind project. This project included free-decay tests, tests with steady or turbulent wind and still water (both periodic and irregular waves with no wind), and combined wind/wave tests. The resulting data from the 1/50th model was scaled using Froude scaling to full size and used to calibrate and validate a full-size simulated model in FAST. Results of the model calibration and validation include successes, subtleties, and limitations of both wave basin testing and FAST modeling capabilities.
Author :U. S. Department U.S. Department of Energy Publisher :CreateSpace ISBN 13 :9781508860549 Total Pages :46 pages Book Rating :4.8/5 (65 download)
Book Synopsis Wind Vision by : U. S. Department U.S. Department of Energy
Download or read book Wind Vision written by U. S. Department U.S. Department of Energy and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-03-18 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a detailed roadmap of technical, economic, and institutional actions by the wind industry, the wind research community, and others to optimize wind's potential contribution to a cleaner, more reliable, low-carbon, domestic energy generation portfolio, utilizing U.S. manu-facturing and a U.S. workforce. The roadmap is intended to be the beginning of an evolving, collaborative, and necessarily dynamic process. It thus suggests an approach of continual updates at least every two years, informed by its analysis activities. Roadmap actions are identified in nine topical areas, introduced below.
