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Behavioural Flexibility In Response To Environmental Change
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Book Synopsis Behavioural Flexibility in Response to Environmental Change by : Helen Kimbell
Download or read book Behavioural Flexibility in Response to Environmental Change written by Helen Kimbell and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Behavioural Responses to a Changing World by : Ulrika Candolin
Download or read book Behavioural Responses to a Changing World written by Ulrika Candolin and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2012-06-14 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human-induced environmental change currently represents the single greatest threat to global biodiversity. Species are typically adapted to the local environmental conditions in which they have evolved. Changes in environmental conditions initially influence behaviour, which in turn affects species interactions, population dynamics, evolutionary processes and, ultimately, biodiversity. How animals respond to changed conditions, and how this influences population viability, is an area of growing research interest. Yet, despite the vital links between environmental change, behaviour, and population dynamics, surprisingly little has been done to bridge these areas of research. Behavioural Responses to a Changing World is the first book of its kind devoted to understanding behavioural responses to environmental change. The volume is comprehensive in scope, discussing impacts on both the mechanisms underlying behavioural processes, as well as the longer-term ecological and evolutionary consequences. Drawing on international experts from across the globe, the book covers topics as diverse as endocrine disruption, learning, reproduction, migration, species interactions, and evolutionary rescue.
Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Psychopharmacology by : Ian Stolerman
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Psychopharmacology written by Ian Stolerman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-07-31 with total page 1433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here is a broad overview of the central topics and issues in psychopharmacology, biological psychiatry and behavioral neurosciences, with information about developments in the field, including novel drugs and technologies. The more than 2000 entries are written by leading experts in pharmacology and psychiatry and comprise in-depth essays, illustrated with full-color figures, and are presented in a lucid style.
Book Synopsis The Behaviour of Teleost Fishes by : Tony J. Pitcher
Download or read book The Behaviour of Teleost Fishes written by Tony J. Pitcher and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is about the behaviour of teleosts, a well-defined, highly successful, taxonomic group of vertebrate animals sharing a common body plan and forming the vast majority of living bony fishes. There are weH over 22000 living species of teleosts, including nearly all those of importance in com mercial fisheries and aquaculture. Teleosts are represented injust about every conceivable aquatic environment from temporary desert pools to the deep ocean, from soda lakes to sub-zero Antarctic waters. Behaviour is the primary interface between these effective survival machines and their environment: behavioural plasticity is one of the keys to their success. The study of animal behaviour has undergone revolutionary changes in the past decade under the dual impact of behavioural ecology and sociobiology. The modern body of theory provides quantitatively testable and experi mentaHy accessible hypotheses. Much current work in animal behaviour has concentrated on birds and mammals, animals with ostensibly more complex structure, physiology and behavioural capacity, but there is a growing body of information about the behaviour of fishes. There is now increasing awareness that the same ecological and evolutionary rules govern teleost fish, and that their behaviour is not just a simplified version of that seen in birds and mammals. The details of fish behaviour intimately reflect unique and efficient adaptations to their three-dimensional aquatic environment.
Book Synopsis Primate Responses to Environmental Change by : H.O. Box
Download or read book Primate Responses to Environmental Change written by H.O. Box and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book concerns the various ways that primates respond to environmental change. By studying these patterns of responsiveness we not only gain useful knowledge about the structural, physiological and behavioural propensities of different species, but also acquire important information relating to issues of contemporary concern, such as conservation and the management of animals in the wild as well as in various forms of captivity. For example, there is growing concern among biologists and conser vationists about the influence of habitat destruction, such as logging, on the fitness and survival of wild primates. There is also increased awareness of the need to improve the care of primates in zoos and laboratories, including the enrichment of captive environments. Further, because an increasing number of primate species are becom ing endangered, knowledge of their responsiveness to new environ ments is an essential requirement for effective breeding programmes in captivity, and for the translocation and rehabilitation of species in the wild. In theory, studies of many closely related species are required in order to consider relevant evolutionary processes, as well as to develop functional hypotheses about the adaptive significance of various biological propensities and their interrelationships in the short and longer terms.
Book Synopsis The Handbook of Behavior Change by : Martin S. Hagger
Download or read book The Handbook of Behavior Change written by Martin S. Hagger and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-07-15 with total page 730 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social problems in many domains, including health, education, social relationships, and the workplace, have their origins in human behavior. The documented links between behavior and social problems have compelled governments and organizations to prioritize and mobilize efforts to develop effective, evidence-based means to promote adaptive behavior change. In recognition of this impetus, The Handbook of Behavior Change provides comprehensive coverage of contemporary theory, research, and practice on behavior change. It summarizes current evidence-based approaches to behavior change in chapters authored by leading theorists, researchers, and practitioners from multiple disciplines, including psychology, sociology, behavioral science, economics, philosophy, and implementation science. It is the go-to resource for researchers, students, practitioners, and policy makers looking for current knowledge on behavior change and guidance on how to develop effective interventions to change behavior.
Book Synopsis Behavioural Responses to a Changing World by : Ulrika Candolin
Download or read book Behavioural Responses to a Changing World written by Ulrika Candolin and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-06-14 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Species are typically adapted to the local environmental conditions in which they have evolved.
Book Synopsis Adequacy of Climate Observing Systems by : National Research Council
Download or read book Adequacy of Climate Observing Systems written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-03-01 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 1997 Conference on the World Climate Research Programme to the Third Conference of the Parties of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change concluded that the global capacity to observe the Earth's climate system is inadequate and is deteriorating worldwide. As a result, the chair of the subcommittee of the U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) requested a National Research Council study to assess the current status of the climate observing capabilities of the United States. This report focuses on existing observing systems for detection and attribution of climate change, with special emphasis on those systems with long time series.
Book Synopsis Animal Innovation by : Simon M. Reader
Download or read book Animal Innovation written by Simon M. Reader and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Innovation is an important component of behavioural plasticity vital to the survival of individuals and potentially of critical importance to those endangered or threatened species forced to adjust to changed or impoverished environments. This text provides a comprehensive study of this subject.
Book Synopsis Heterogeneous responses to environmental change by : Talisin Tess Hammond
Download or read book Heterogeneous responses to environmental change written by Talisin Tess Hammond and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biotic responses to environmental change can vary markedly, even among closely related, ecologically similar species. Such responses may be conspicuous (e.g., climate-associated range shifts) or they may be subtler and more challenging to detect. In the latter case, organisms may use individually variable mechanisms, including modifications of behavior and physiology, to cope with environmental change in situ. Further, in addition to providing mechanisms of response to environmental change, behavioral and physiological traits may be indicators of habitat suitability. Thus, to understand and, ideally, to predict how species will respond to environmental change, it is necessary to determine which traits are associated with vulnerability and to identify which factors constrain range limits for vulnerable species. My dissertation focuses on the behavior and physiology of the alpine chipmunk (Tamias alpinus) and the lodgepole chipmunk (T. speciosus), two co-occurring, closely related species that have been characterized by very distinct spatial responses to environmental change in Yosemite National Park, CA. Over the past century, T. alpinus has contracted its range upward in elevation; during the same period, T. speciosus has displayed no significant elevational range shift. To assess the role of behavioral and physiological variability in generating these responses, I explored interspecific differences in baseline stress hormone (glucocorticoid, GC) levels and behavioral activity budgets with the goal of identifying the environmental factors that are most important for determining range limits in the study species. First, I validated a non-invasive method to measure fecal GC metabolites (FGMs) in both study species. By exposing captive individuals to a series of controlled challenges, I also identified interspecific differences in stress reactivity, with T. alpinus being generally more stress-responsive. Next, I validated the use of accelerometers to remotely document the behavioral activity budgets of the study species, demonstrating that these sensors can be employed to collect behavioral data from free-living animals. I then deployed accelerometers across broader spatial and temporal scales. I used the resulting data to construct models that integrate intrinsic biological and environmental parameters to identify key predictors of activity in each species. I found that, compared to T. alpinus, activity in T. speciosus was characterized by generally greater inter-individual variance and greater variability in response to environmental parameters. Finally, I used FGM data collected over three years and at multiple sites in and around Yosemite National Park in conjunction with data regarding multiple extrinsic (environmental) and intrinsic (life history) parameters to identify the factors that best predict FGMs in the study species. These analyses revealed FGM levels are more strongly related to environmental parameters in T. alpinus than in T. speciosus. In summary, my research indicates that T. alpinus is more stress-responsive to external, environmental challenges, and potentially less flexible in responding behaviorally to environmental conditions than T. speciosus. Overall, these results indicate that behavior and physiology are likely to be important determinants of a species’ response to environmental change. These findings also suggest that individual species vary in their general sensitivity to environmental change, with some species being more change-responsive than others.
Book Synopsis Modeling Neuropsychiatric Disorders in Laboratory Animals by : Kurt Leroy Hoffman
Download or read book Modeling Neuropsychiatric Disorders in Laboratory Animals written by Kurt Leroy Hoffman and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2015-08-28 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modeling Neuropsychiatric Disorders in Laboratory Animals serves as a guide for students and basic investigators in the fields of behavioral sciences, psychology, neuroscience, psychiatry, and other professionals interested in the use of animal models in preclinical research related to human neuropsychiatric disorders. The text focuses on the rationale and theory of using animal behavior, both pathological and normal, as a tool for understanding the neural underpinnings of neuropsychiatric disorders. Chapters contain discussions on both classical and modern views on the validation of animal models for neuropsychiatric disorders, also discussing the utility of endophenotypes in modeling neuropsychiatric disease. Subsequent chapters deal with four specific classes of disorders, including anxiety disorders, depressive disorders, obsessive-compulsive and related disorders. Final sections discuss the future for the development, validation, and use of animal models in basic and preclinical research. Focuses on the rationale and theory of using animal behavior, both pathological and normal, as a tool for understanding the neural underpinnings of neuropsychiatric disorders Serves as a guide for students and basic investigators in the fields of behavioral sciences, psychology, neuroscience, psychiatry, and other professionals Discusses specific classes of disorders, including anxiety disorders, depressive disorders, obsessive-compulsive and related disorders
Book Synopsis Animal Contests by : Ian C. W. Hardy
Download or read book Animal Contests written by Ian C. W. Hardy and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-05-30 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contests are an important aspect of the lives of diverse animals, from sea anemones competing for space on a rocky shore to fallow deer stags contending for access to females. Why do animals fight? What determines when fights stop and which contestant wins? Addressing fundamental questions on contest behaviour, this volume presents theoretical and empirical perspectives across a range of species. The historical development of contest research, the evolutionary theory of both dyadic and multiparty contests, and approaches to experimental design and data analysis are discussed in the first chapters. This is followed by reviews of research in key animal taxa, from the use of aerial displays and assessment rules in butterflies and the developmental biology of weapons in beetles, through to interstate warfare in humans. The final chapter considers future directions and applications of contest research, making this a comprehensive resource for both graduate students and researchers in the field.
Book Synopsis Behavioural Ecotoxicology by : Giacomo Dell'Omo
Download or read book Behavioural Ecotoxicology written by Giacomo Dell'Omo and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2002-05-22 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Behavioural ecotoxicology is an emerging field dealing with the effects of environmental pollutants on the behaviour of animals. Behavioural techniques derived from experimental psychology, behavioural pharmacology and neurotoxicology are applied to detect and characterise changes in animals living in the environment exposed to various pollutants. Behavioural effects are then interpreted in an ecological context considering the long-term relevance of these changes at both the individual and population level.
Book Synopsis Global Environmental Change by : National Research Council
Download or read book Global Environmental Change written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1991-02-01 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global environmental change often seems to be the most carefully examined issue of our time. Yet understanding the human sideâ€"human causes of and responses to environmental changeâ€"has not yet received sustained attention. Global Environmental Change offers a strategy for combining the efforts of natural and social scientists to better understand how our actions influence global change and how global change influences us. The volume is accessible to the nonscientist and provides a wide range of examples and case studies. It explores how the attitudes and actions of individuals, governments, and organizations intertwine to leave their mark on the health of the planet. The book focuses on establishing a framework for this new field of study, identifying problems that must be overcome if we are to deepen our understanding of the human dimensions of global change, presenting conclusions and recommendations.
Book Synopsis Wood Ant Ecology and Conservation by : Jenni A. Stockan
Download or read book Wood Ant Ecology and Conservation written by Jenni A. Stockan and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-07-07 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wood ants play an ecologically dominant and conspicuous role in temperate boreal forests, making a keystone contribution to woodland ecosystem functions and processes. Wood ant taxonomy and global distributions set the scene for this text's exploration of wood ants as social insects, examining their flexible social structures, genetics, population ecology, and behaviour, from nest-mate recognition to task allocation. Wood ants' interactions with their environment and with other organisms are essential to their success: competition, predation and mutualism are described and analysed. Bringing together the expertise of ecological researchers and conservation practitioners, this book provides practical and theoretical advice about sampling and monitoring these insects, and outlines the requirements for effective conservation. This is an indispensable resource for wood ant researchers, entomologists, conservationists and ecological consultants, as well as anyone interested in social insects, keystone species and the management and conservation of forest ecosystems.
Book Synopsis Fostering Sustainable Behavior by : Doug McKenzie-Mohr
Download or read book Fostering Sustainable Behavior written by Doug McKenzie-Mohr and published by New Society Publishers. This book was released on 2011-02-01 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The highly acclaimed manual for changing everyday habits-now in an all-newthird edition! We are consuming resources and polluting our environment at a rate that is outstripping our planet's ability to support us. To create a sustainable future, we must not only change our own actions, we must educate and encourage those around us to change theirs. If one individual recycles his plastic containers, the impact is minimal. But if an entire community recycles, enormous amounts of resources are saved. How then do we go about transforming people's good intentions into action? Fostering Sustainable Behavior explains how the field of community-based social marketing has emerged as an effective tool for encouraging positive social change. This completely revised and updated third edition contains a wealth of new research, behavior change tools, and case studies. Learn how to: target unsustainable behaviors, and identify the barriers to change understand various commitment strategies communicate effective messages enhance motivation and invite participation. The strategies introduced in this ground-breaking manual are an invaluable resource for anyone interested in promoting sustainable behavior, including environmental conservation, recycling and waste reduction, water and energyefficiency and alternative transportation.
Book Synopsis Behavioral Flexibility in Primates by : Clara Jones
Download or read book Behavioral Flexibility in Primates written by Clara Jones and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-09-10 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Numerous figures, illustrations, and tables; integration of new literature and concepts into field of primatology; emphasis upon both behavioral and cognitive mechanisms.