Behavioral and Computational Analysis of Human Biological Motion Perception

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781124664330
Total Pages : 100 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (643 download)

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Book Synopsis Behavioral and Computational Analysis of Human Biological Motion Perception by : Steven Matthew Thurman

Download or read book Behavioral and Computational Analysis of Human Biological Motion Perception written by Steven Matthew Thurman and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We live in a phenomenally complex visual world, yet the human visual system extracts behaviorally meaningful information with apparent ease and efficiency. Our brains experience visual motion daily, and perhaps the most intricate and fascinating movement patterns are those of living creatures. Of particular importance are the actions of other humans, which contain rich information with social and biological relevance. The presented research investigates biological motion perception using relatively novel psychophysical techniques. In each of three experiments we use a unique variant of the "Bubbles" reverse correlation method, which works generally by revealing only portions of a stimulus randomly across many trials and then reverse correlating observer performance to illuminate the most informative regions of the stimulus. Experiment 1 uses "Temporal Bubbles", a new adaptation of "Bubbles" to the time domain, to determine if particular moments or postures during a point-light action sequence are more informative than others. Results show that there are indeed particularly diagnostic intervals in action sequences, but moments in this interval are not necessarily more informative if presented in isolation as static postures. We conclude that specific mid-level motion features are most critical for perceiving biological motion. In Experiment 2 we further elucidate these critical features by using "Spatio-temporal Bubbles" and quantitatively comparing human performance to a biologically inspired computational model of perception. Observers apparently use the same mid-level motion and form features for both point-light and stick figure sequences. Additionally, observer performance correlates with the "form pathway" of the model when stimulus duration is short (

Dynamics of Visual Motion Processing

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1441907815
Total Pages : 362 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (419 download)

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Book Synopsis Dynamics of Visual Motion Processing by : Guillaume S. Masson

Download or read book Dynamics of Visual Motion Processing written by Guillaume S. Masson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-12-02 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Motion processing is an essential piece of the complex brain machinery that allows us to reconstruct the 3D layout of objects in the environment, to break camouflage, to perform scene segmentation, to estimate the ego movement, and to control our action. Although motion perception and its neural basis have been a topic of intensive research and modeling the last two decades, recent experimental evidences have stressed the dynamical aspects of motion integration and segmentation. This book presents the most recent approaches that have changed our view of biological motion processing. These new experimental evidences call for new models emphasizing the collective dynamics of large population of neurons rather than the properties of separate individual filters. Chapters will stress how the dynamics of motion processing can be used as a general approach to understand the brain dynamics itself.

Modelling Human Motion

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030467325
Total Pages : 351 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Modelling Human Motion by : Nicoletta Noceti

Download or read book Modelling Human Motion written by Nicoletta Noceti and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-09 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new frontiers of robotics research foresee future scenarios where artificial agents will leave the laboratory to progressively take part in the activities of our daily life. This will require robots to have very sophisticated perceptual and action skills in many intelligence-demanding applications, with particular reference to the ability to seamlessly interact with humans. It will be crucial for the next generation of robots to understand their human partners and at the same time to be intuitively understood by them. In this context, a deep understanding of human motion is essential for robotics applications, where the ability to detect, represent and recognize human dynamics and the capability for generating appropriate movements in response sets the scene for higher-level tasks. This book provides a comprehensive overview of this challenging research field, closing the loop between perception and action, and between human-studies and robotics. The book is organized in three main parts. The first part focuses on human motion perception, with contributions analyzing the neural substrates of human action understanding, how perception is influenced by motor control, and how it develops over time and is exploited in social contexts. The second part considers motion perception from the computational perspective, providing perspectives on cutting-edge solutions available from the Computer Vision and Machine Learning research fields, addressing higher-level perceptual tasks. Finally, the third part takes into account the implications for robotics, with chapters on how motor control is achieved in the latest generation of artificial agents and how such technologies have been exploited to favor human-robot interaction. This book considers the complete human-robot cycle, from an examination of how humans perceive motion and act in the world, to models for motion perception and control in artificial agents. In this respect, the book will provide insights into the perception and action loop in humans and machines, joining together aspects that are often addressed in independent investigations. As a consequence, this book positions itself in a field at the intersection of such different disciplines as Robotics, Neuroscience, Cognitive Science, Psychology, Computer Vision, and Machine Learning. By bridging these different research domains, the book offers a common reference point for researchers interested in human motion for different applications and from different standpoints, spanning Neuroscience, Human Motor Control, Robotics, Human-Robot Interaction, Computer Vision and Machine Learning. Chapter 'The Importance of the Affective Component of Movement in Action Understanding' of this book is available open access under a CC BY 4.0 license at link.springer.com.

The Cambridge Handbook of Applied Perception Research

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139993534
Total Pages : 1468 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (399 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cambridge Handbook of Applied Perception Research by : Robert R. Hoffman

Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Applied Perception Research written by Robert R. Hoffman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-01-26 with total page 1468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Cambridge Handbook of Applied Perception Research covers core areas of research in perception with an emphasis on its application to real-world environments. Topics include multisensory processing of information, time perception, sustained attention, and signal detection, as well as pedagogical issues surrounding the training of applied perception researchers. In addition to familiar topics, such as perceptual learning, the Handbook focuses on emerging areas of importance, such as human-robot coordination, haptic interfaces, and issues facing societies in the twenty-first century (such as terrorism and threat detection, medical errors, and the broader implications of automation). Organized into sections representing major areas of theoretical and practical importance for the application of perception psychology to human performance and the design and operation of human-technology interdependence, it also addresses the challenges to basic research, including the problem of quantifying information, defining cognitive resources, and theoretical advances in the nature of attention and perceptual processes.

People Watching

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199333858
Total Pages : 438 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (993 download)

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Book Synopsis People Watching by : Kerri Johnson

Download or read book People Watching written by Kerri Johnson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-12-04 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The human body has long been a rich source of inspiration for the arts, and artists have long recognized the body's special status. While the scientific study of body perception also has an important history, recent technological advances have triggered an explosion of research on the visual perception of the human body in motion, or as it is traditionally called, biological motion perception. Now reaching a point of burgeoning inter-disciplinary focus, biological motion perception research is poised to transform our understanding of person construal. Indeed, several factors highlight a privileged role for the human body as one of the most critical classes of stimuli affecting social perception. Human bodies in motion, for example, are among the most frequent moving stimulus in our environment. They can be readily perceived at a physical distance or visual vantage that precludes face perception. Moreover, body motion conveys meaningful psychological information such as social categories, emotion state, intentions, and underlying dispositions. Thus, body perception appears to serve as a first-pass filter for a vast array of social judgments from the routine (e.g., perceived friendliness in interactions) to the grave (e.g., perceived threat by law enforcement). This book provides an exciting integration of theory and findings that clarify how the human body is perceived by observers.

Understanding Events

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190293314
Total Pages : 736 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Events by : Thomas F. Shipley

Download or read book Understanding Events written by Thomas F. Shipley and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2008-02-25 with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We effortlessly recognize all sorts of events--from simple events like people walking to complex events like leaves blowing in the wind. We can also remember and describe these events, and in general, react appropriately to them, for example, in avoiding an approaching object. Our phenomenal ease interacting with events belies the complexity of the underlying processes we use to deal with them. Driven by an interest in these complex processes, research on event perception has been growing rapidly. Events are the basis of all experience, so understanding how humans perceive, represent, and act on them will have a significant impact on many areas of psychology. Unfortunately, much of the research on event perception--in visual perception, motor control, linguistics, and computer science--has progressed without much interaction. This volume is the first to bring together computational, neurological, and psychological research on how humans detect, classify, remember, and act on events. The book will provide professional and student researchers with a comprehensive collection of the latest research in these diverse fields.

Neurology of Vision and Visual Disorders

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Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128213787
Total Pages : 412 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (282 download)

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Book Synopsis Neurology of Vision and Visual Disorders by :

Download or read book Neurology of Vision and Visual Disorders written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-04-06 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neurology of Vision and Visual Disorders, Volume 178 in the Handbooks of Neurology series provides comprehensive summaries of recent research on the brain and nervous system. This volume reviews alterations in vision that stem from the retina to the cortex. Coverage includes content on vision and driving derived from the large amount of time devoted in clinics to determining who is safe to drive, along with research on the interplay between visual loss, attention and strategic compensations that may determine driving suitability. The title concludes with vision therapies and the evidence behind these approaches. Each chapter is co-written by a basic scientist collaborating with a clinician to provide a solid underpinning of the mechanisms behind the clinical syndromes. Reviews the neurological underpinnings of visual perception disorders Encompasses the cortex to the retina Covers functional organization, electrophysiology and subcortical visual pathways Discusses assessment, diagnosis and management of visual perception disorders Includes international experts from Australia, Canada, Denmark, Germany, Singapore, and the UK and US

Studies in Perception and Action XIII

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Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 131732899X
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (173 download)

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Book Synopsis Studies in Perception and Action XIII by : Julie A. Weast-Knapp

Download or read book Studies in Perception and Action XIII written by Julie A. Weast-Knapp and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2015-07-16 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 1991, the edited book series Studies in Perception and Action has appeared in conjunction with the biennial International Conference of Perception and Action (ICPA). ICPA provides a forum for researchers and academics who share a common interest in ecological psychology to come together, present new research, and foster ideas towards the advancement of the field. This volume highlights research presented at the 18th ICPA meeting, hosted by the University of Minneapolis in the summer of 2015. The short papers presented in this book represent the contributions of researchers and laboratories from across the globe, on a wide variety of topics in perception and action. This volume will especially appeal to those that are interested in James J. Gibson's ecological approach to psychology, as well as, more broadly, students and researchers of action and coordination, visual and haptic perception, perceptual development, human movement dynamics, human factors, and social processes.

Walsh and Hoyt's Clinical Neuro-ophthalmology

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Publisher : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISBN 13 : 9780781748117
Total Pages : 1430 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (481 download)

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Book Synopsis Walsh and Hoyt's Clinical Neuro-ophthalmology by : Neil R. Miller

Download or read book Walsh and Hoyt's Clinical Neuro-ophthalmology written by Neil R. Miller and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2005 with total page 1430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thoroughly revised and updated for its Sixth Edition, this classic work is the most comprehensive reference on diagnosis and treatment of neuro-ophthalmologic diseases. This edition has two new editors—Valérie Biousse, MD and John B. Kerrison, MD—and has been streamlined from five volumes into three tightly edited volumes with a sharper focus on patient management. Coverage includes major updates on genetics of diseases, new diagnostic techniques, and the newest treatment options. This first volume covers the visual sensory system, the autonomic nervous system, the ocular motor system, the eyelid, facial pain and headache, and nonorganic disease. Volume 2 covers tumors, the phacomatoses, and vascular disease. Volume 3 covers degenerative, metabolic, infectious, inflammatory, and demyelinating diseases.

Motion-opponency in Human Vision

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 189 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis Motion-opponency in Human Vision by : Edward James Powell

Download or read book Motion-opponency in Human Vision written by Edward James Powell and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Computational Approaches for Human-Human and Human-Robot Social Interactions

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Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889638073
Total Pages : 149 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (896 download)

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Book Synopsis Computational Approaches for Human-Human and Human-Robot Social Interactions by : Vittorio Murino

Download or read book Computational Approaches for Human-Human and Human-Robot Social Interactions written by Vittorio Murino and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-06-26 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.

Biological Motion Perception: Action Interaction and Prediction

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 149 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Biological Motion Perception: Action Interaction and Prediction by : Junzhu Su

Download or read book Biological Motion Perception: Action Interaction and Prediction written by Junzhu Su and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Humans, as social creatures, are especially adept in perceiving others' actions and inferring mental states such as intention based on non-verbal cues such as body movements. In recent years, substantial advances have been achieved in our understanding of biological motion perception and its relation to other cognitive and motorsensory processes, as well as the underlying neural correlates and computational components. In my thesis, I first focused on the top-down influence of meaningful interactive actions on stimulus visibility. We found that meaningful interaction boosted the visibility of single actor in binocular rivalry paradigm. Second, I investigated the action prediction modulated by action interaction (i.e. either single actor or two interactive actors) with temporal occluder paradigm. We found that observers obtained higher temporal precision in single actor condition but better sensitivity to posture sequence or rotation in two interactive actor condition. Third, we designed novel paradigm by briefly flashing joints near the moving limb to determine how action representation interacts with generic mechanisms for localization of moving features to bias perceived positions of moving joints. We found that global posture information (inversion or upside-down) modulated the effect size of well-established visual illusion (i.e. flash lag effect). Last but not least, I used this paradigm to dissociate local and global mechanisms that may underlie action prediction. By briefly flashing the stationary skeleton during the action viewing, either aligned or misaligned with the walking posture, we measured the motion-induced posture change. We demonstrated the existence of a global mechanism for anticipating changes in whole-body posture over time. However, although inversion of body orientation weakens global processing in biological motion perception, it does not eliminate the use of the global mechanism in predicting future posture even when the action is presented upside-down. This finding is consistent with previous studies of the inversion effect in biological motion perception (Pavlova & Sokolov, 2000; Sumi, 1984), and highlights the robust use of the global mechanism in predicting future actions.

Timing and Time Perception: Procedures, Measures, & Applications

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Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004280200
Total Pages : 372 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Timing and Time Perception: Procedures, Measures, & Applications by :

Download or read book Timing and Time Perception: Procedures, Measures, & Applications written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2018-04-10 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Timing and Time Perception: Procedures, Measures, and Applications is a one-of-a-kind, collective effort to present the most utilized and known methods on timing and time perception. Specifically, it covers methods and analysis on circadian timing, synchrony perception, reaction/response time, time estimation, and alternative methods for clinical/developmental research. The book includes experimental protocols, programming code, and sample results and the content ranges from very introductory to more advanced so as to cover the needs of both junior and senior researchers. We hope that this will be the first step in future efforts to document experimental methods and analysis both in a theoretical and in a practical manner. Contributors are: Patricia V. Agostino, Rocío Alcalá-Quintana, Fuat Balcı, Karin Bausenhart, Richard Block, Ivana L. Bussi, Carlos S. Caldart, Mariagrazia Capizzi, Xiaoqin Chen, Ángel Correa, Massimiliano Di Luca, Céline Z. Duval, Mark T. Elliott, Dagmar Fraser, David Freestone, Miguel A. García-Pérez, Anne Giersch, Simon Grondin, Nori Jacoby, Florian Klapproth, Franziska Kopp, Maria Kostaki, Laurence Lalanne, Giovanna Mioni, Trevor B. Penney, Patrick E. Poncelet, Patrick Simen, Ryan Stables, Rolf Ulrich, Argiro Vatakis, Dominic Ward, Alan M. Wing, Kieran Yarrow, and Dan Zakay.

Embodied and grounded cognition

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Publisher : Frontiers E-books
ISBN 13 : 2889190137
Total Pages : 266 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (891 download)

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Book Synopsis Embodied and grounded cognition by : Anna Borghi

Download or read book Embodied and grounded cognition written by Anna Borghi and published by Frontiers E-books. This book was released on 2012-01-01 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last 10-15 years, the "embodied" and "grounded" cognition approach has become widespread in all fields related to cognitive science, such as cognitive and social psychology, neuroscience, philosophy, anthropology, computational modelling and robotics. According to this approach, our cognitive activity is grounded in sensory-motor processes and situated in specific contexts and situations. Therefore, in this view, concepts consist of the reactivation of the same neural pattern that is present when we perceive and/or interact with the objects they refer to. In the same way, understanding language would imply forming a mental simulation of what is linguistically described. This simulation would entail the recruitment of the same neurons that are activated when actually acting or perceiving the situation, action, emotion, object or entity described by language. In the last years a lot of evidence has been collected in favour of EC and GC view. The aim of this Research Topic is twofold. First, it intends to give an idea of the field of embodied and grounded cognition in its broadness. We therefore intend to invite scientists of different disciplines (anthropology, philosophy, linguistics, cognitive and social psychology, neuroscience, computer science) to submit their proposals. The second aim of this Research Topicis to focus on some challenges that in our opinion embodied and grounded theories of cognition need to face. First, we believe that one important challenge for EC and GC views is to account for the way the so-called "abstract concepts" and abstract words are represented. Evidence on the representation of concrete concepts and words is compelling, whereas evidence on abstract concepts representation is still too scarce and limited to restricted domains. We therefore welcome proposals dealing with this complex issue. Second, we think that embodied and grounded theories of cognition would need to formulate more precise hypotheses, and that in general within the field a larger theoretical effort should be made. It is striking that, even if a lot of work in the field of computational modelling and robotics starts from an embodied approach, experimental and modelling work on embodied cognition remain somehow separate. We therefore invite researchers to submit papers proposing models which might help to explain phenomena as well as to constrain and specify in more detail the predictions and the claims advanced within the framework of EC and GC theories.

PERCEPTION AND MOTION: An Analysis of Space-Structured Behavior

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis PERCEPTION AND MOTION: An Analysis of Space-Structured Behavior by : KARL U. SMITH, WILLIAM M. SMITH

Download or read book PERCEPTION AND MOTION: An Analysis of Space-Structured Behavior written by KARL U. SMITH, WILLIAM M. SMITH and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Visual Dysfunction in Schizophrenia: A View into the Mechanisms of Madness?

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Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889195155
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (891 download)

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Book Synopsis Visual Dysfunction in Schizophrenia: A View into the Mechanisms of Madness? by : Randolph Blake

Download or read book Visual Dysfunction in Schizophrenia: A View into the Mechanisms of Madness? written by Randolph Blake and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-05-11 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research on visual perception in schizophrenia has a long history. However, it is only recently that it has been included in mainstream efforts to understand the cognitive neuroscience of the disorder and to assist with biomarker and treatment development (e.g., the NIMH CNTRICS and RDoC initiatives). Advances in our understanding of visual disturbances in schizophrenia can tell us about both specific computational and neurobiological abnormalities, and about the widespread computational and neurobiological abnormalities in the illness, of which visual disturbances constitute well-studied, replicable, low-level examples. Importantly, far from being a passive sensory registration process, visual perception is active, inferential, and hypothesis-generating, and therefore can provide excellent examples of breakdowns in general brain functions in schizophrenia. Despite progress made in understanding visual processing disturbances in schizophrenia, many challenges exist and many unexplored areas are in need of examination. For example, the directional relationships between perceptual and cognitive disturbances (e.g., in attention, memory, executive function, predictive coding) remain unclear in many cases, as do links with symptoms, including visual hallucinations. The effect of specific visual disturbances on multisensory integration in schizophrenia has also not been explored. In addition, few studies of vision in schizophrenia have used naturalistic stimuli, including real-world objects, and almost no studies have examined processing during interaction with objects or visual exploration, which can provide important data on functioning of the perception for action pathway. Relatedly, studies of visual processing in schizophrenia have also not been conducted within contexts that include emotional stimulation and the presence of reinforcers – characteristics of many real-world situations - and the consequences of this are likely to be an incomplete view of how and when perception is abnormal in the condition. An additional important area involves treatment of visual disturbances in schizophrenia. Two major questions regarding this are: 1) can visual processing be improved in cases where it is impaired (and by what types of interventions affecting which cognitive and neurobiological mechanisms)? and 2) what are the clinical and functional benefits of improving specific visual functions in people with schizophrenia? Other important and understudied questions concern: 1) the extent to which indices of visual functioning can serve as biomarkers such as predictors of relapse, treatment response, and/or recovery; 2) the potential role of visual functioning in diagnosing and predicting illness; 3) the extent to which some visual perception disturbances are diagnostically specific to schizophrenia; and 4) the extent to which visual disturbances are truly manifestations of disease, as opposed to aspects of normal variation that, in combination with disease, serves to modify the clinical presentation. This Frontiers Research Topic explores some of these, and other issues facing this exciting interface between vision science and schizophrenia research. We include papers that span the entire range of different Frontiers paper types, including those that are data driven (using psychophysics, electroencephalography, neuroimaging, computational and animal models, and other methods), reviews, hypotheses, theories, opinion, methods, areas of impact, and historical perspectives.

Psychological Perspectives on Deafness

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Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317782577
Total Pages : 357 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)

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Book Synopsis Psychological Perspectives on Deafness by : Marc Marschark

Download or read book Psychological Perspectives on Deafness written by Marc Marschark and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-02-25 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume picks up where Psychological Perspectives on Deafness, Volume 1 ended. Composed of review chapters that reflect cutting-edge views from well-known international researchers within the field, this book surveys issues within the field of deafness, such as cognition, learning disabilities, social development, language development, and psychopathology. It also highlights the many new and exciting findings currently emerging from researchers across a variety of disciplines--psychology, education, linguistics, and child development. The chapters will engage, challenge, and lead the field on to productive empirical and theoretical work relating to the broad range of questions which concern the psychological perspectives on deafness.