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Author : Nipon Jongpitaksseel
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (525 download)
Download or read book Behavior of End Zone of Precast/pretensioned Concrete Bridge Girders written by Nipon Jongpitaksseel and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : David Burkhalter
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 189 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (951 download)
Download or read book End Zone Design for Alabama Deep Prestressed Girders written by David Burkhalter and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Deep prestressed concrete bridge girders are becoming increasingly popular due to their ability to span longer distances and reduce the total cost of bridge projects. However, these girders have frequently been subject to end zone cracking during the transfer of prestress forces despite being designed to current AASHTO specifications. Previously, the Alabama Department of Transportation (ALDOT) has designed deep prestressed girders which can span up to 165 ft. During the fabrication of these girders, crack formations in the end zone were typically noticed. To address this concern, longitudinal reinforcement was added to the end zones. This solution controlled cracking to some extent but could not completely eliminate cracking. An experimental study was conducted to find a practical engineering solution to the problem of end zone cracking, as well as to develop a 78 in. deep prestressed bulb-tee girder design to reach a span length of 180 ft. 3D finite element modeling was used to find three practical alternative end zone modifications to the standard design. The modified designs included a lowered draping angle, partial debonding of the strands, and a combination of the two. Four 54 ft. long specimens, including three with end zone modifications, were fabricated at Hanson Pipe & Precast in Pelham, Alabama, and monitored during the detensioning process. The end zones were instrumented with steel and concrete strain gauges to better understand the complex behavior of girder end zones. External DEMEC instrumentation was also included at the girder ends to measure the transfer length of the strands in each specimen. The specimens were then load tested at the UA Large Scale Structures Laboratory (LSSL) to determine the effects of the modified end zone details on the girder capacity. Based on the study, modified girder end zone details are recommended to ALDOT for implementation.
Author : Jessica Lauren Salazar
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (15 download)
Download or read book End-region Behavior of Precast, Prestressed Concrete I-girders Employing 0.7-inch Diameter Prestressing Strands written by Jessica Lauren Salazar and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pretensioned concrete girders are currently fabricated using 0.5- or 0.6-in. diameter prestressing strands. In recent years, however, it has become of interest to employ larger-diameter 0.7-in. diameter strands to reduce the number of strands and improve the efficiency of pretensioned concrete members. Such a transition requires a considerable initial investment that needs to be justified based on the benefits obtained. Furthermore, the use of 0.7-in. strands would increase the stresses within the end-region of pretensioned elements, which could lead to undesirable cracking and impact the serviceability of the girders. The work presented in this thesis consists of 1) a comprehensive parametric investigation to evaluate the benefits and limitations of using 0.7-in. strands in pretensioned bridge girders, and 2) a full-scale experimental study to investigate the behavior of pretensioned concrete girders with 0.7-in. strands at the time of prestress transfer. The parametric investigation was accomplished by designing thousands of bridge girders with different span lengths, concrete release strengths, and transverse spacings. The results showed that the most noticeable benefit of 0.7-in. strands over 0.6-in. strands was a reduction of up to 35 percent in the number of strands. However, the difference in the total weight of prestressing steel was insignificant. Increasing the release strength of concrete, at least to 7.5 ksi, was found essential to observe benefits in design aspects other than the number of strands. The experimental investigation involved the fabrication of two Tx46 and two Tx70 specimens at the Ferguson Structural Engineering Laboratory. All specimens employed 0.7-in. strands on a 2- by 2-in. grid and the standard detailing currently used for girders with smaller-diameter strands. The observed crack widths in the specimens upon prestress transfer did not exceed those typically observed in Tx-girders with smaller-diameter strands. Therefore, the use of 0.7-in. strands does not seem to trigger a need to modify the end-region detailing in Tx-girders. However, noticeably greater bursting and spalling forces were observed in the end regions of the specimens compared to the demands predicted by AASHTO LRFD provisions. The measured 24-hour transfer length from the specimens also exceeded estimates by AASHTO LRFD and ACI 318-14 provisions.
Author : Maher K. Tadros
Publisher : Transportation Research Board
ISBN 13 : 0309118352
Total Pages : 76 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Evaluation and Repair Procedures for Precast/prestressed Concrete Girders with Longitudinal Cracking in the Web written by Maher K. Tadros and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2010 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report establishes a user's manual for the acceptance, repair, or rejection of precast/prestressed concrete girders with longitudinal web cracking. The report also proposes revisions to the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications and provides recommendations to develop improved crack control reinforcement details for use in new girders. The material in this report will be of immediate interest to bridge engineers.
Author : R. G. Oesterle
Publisher : Transportation Research Board National Research
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 108 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book Design of Precast, Prestressed Bridge Girders Made Continuous written by R. G. Oesterle and published by Transportation Research Board National Research. This book was released on 1989 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report documents and presents results of a study to determine time-dependent behavior and relevant design criteria for simple-span precast, prestressed bridge girders made continuous. A questionnaire was used to determine current practice. Creep and shrinkage tests of steam-cured concrete loaded at an early age were made. Computer simulations were used to investigate the effects of time-dependent material behavior and variation in design parameters on the effective continuity for live load plus impact. The findings suggest that positive moment connections in the diaphragms at the piers are not required and provide no structural advantages. The findings also suggest that effective continuity for live load plus impact can vary from 0 to 100% dependent on the design parameters and timing of construction. Computer analyses were also used to determine an upper limit for the amount of negative moment reinforcement over the supports to insure full moment redistribution and attainment of maximum bridge strength. New computer programs were developed for simplified analysis to determine time-dependent effects and service moments. Recommendations for design procedures were presented and design examples given.
Author : Franklin B. Angomas
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 109 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (472 download)
Download or read book Behavior of Prestressed Concrete Bridge Girders written by Franklin B. Angomas and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For this research, prestress losses were monitored in six HPC bridge girders. These measured losses were compared to predicted losses according to four sources. Prestress loss predictive methods considered for this research were: 1- AASHTO LRFD 2004, 2- AASHTO LRFD 2004 Refined, 3- AASHTO LRFD 2007, and 4- AASHTO LRFD Lump Sum method. On the other hand, the camber prediction methods used in the present research were: 1- Time dependent method described in NCHRP Report 496, 2- PCI multiplier method, and 3- Improved PCI Multiplier method. For the purpose of this research, long-term prestress losses were monitored in select girders from Bridge 669 located near Farmington, Utah. Bridge 669 is a three-span prestress concrete girder bridge. The three spans have lengths of 132.2, 108.5, and 82.2 feet long, respectively. Eleven AASHTO Type VI precast prestressed girders were used to support the deck in each span. The deflection of several girders from a three-span, prestressed, precast concrete girder bridge was monitored for 3 years. Fifteen bridge girders were fabricated for the three span-bridge. Ten girders from the exterior spans had span length of 80 feet, and five girders from the middle span had span length of 137 feet. From the results of this research, in both the 82- and 132-foot-long, the AASHTO LRFD 2004 Refined Method does a better job predicting the prestress loss and it can be concluded that all the prediction methods do a better job predicting the loss for the larger girders. The Lump Sum method predicted very accurately the long term prestress loss for the 132-foot-long girders.
Author : Ekkehard Fehling
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3433030871
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (33 download)
Download or read book Ultra-High Performance Concrete UHPC written by Ekkehard Fehling and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-04-20 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Selected chapters from the German concrete yearbook are now being published in the new English "Beton-Kalender Series" for the benefit of an international audience. Since it was founded in 1906, the Ernst & Sohn "Beton-Kalender" has been supporting developments in reinforced and prestressed concrete. The aim was to publish a yearbook to reflect progress in "ferro-concrete" structures until - as the book's first editor, Fritz von Emperger (1862-1942), expressed it - the "tempestuous development" in this form of construction came to an end. However, the "Beton-Kalender" quickly became the chosen work of reference for civil and structural engineers, and apart from the years 1945-1950 has been published annually ever since. Ultra high performance concrete (UHPC) is a milestone in concrete technology and application. It permits the construction of both more slender and more durable concrete structures with a prolonged service life and thus improved sustainability. This book is a comprehensive overview of UHPC - from the principles behind its production and its mechanical properties to design and detailing aspects. The focus is on the material behaviour of steel fibre-reinforced UHPC. Numerical modelling and detailing of the connections with reinforced concrete elements are featured as well. Numerous examples worldwide - bridges, columns, facades and roofs - are the basis for additional explanations about the benefits of UHPC and how it helps to realise several architectural requirements. The authors are extensively involved in the testing, design, construction and monitoring of UHPC structures. What they provide here is therefore a unique synopsis of the state of the art with a view to practical applications.
Author : Patrick J. Kelly
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 474 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (123 download)
Download or read book Final Report written by Patrick J. Kelly and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Peter Hyde Hopkins
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (717 download)
Download or read book Behavior of Precast Prestressed Bridge Girders with Debonded Tendons written by Peter Hyde Hopkins and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Maher K. Tadros
Publisher : Transportation Research Board
ISBN 13 : 030908766X
Total Pages : 73 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Prestress Losses in Pretensioned High-strength Concrete Bridge Girders written by Maher K. Tadros and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2003 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The HCM includes three printed volumes (Volumes 1-3) that can be purchased from the Transportation Research Board in print and electronic formats. Volume 4 is a free online resource that supports the rest of the manual. It includes: Supplemental chapters 25-38, providing additional details of the methodologies described in the Volume 1-3 chapters, example problems, and other resources; A technical reference library providing access to a significant portion of the research supporting HCM methods; Two applications guides demonstrating how the HCM can be applied to planning-level analysis and a variety of traffic operations applications; Interpretations, updates, and errata for the HCM (as they are developed);A discussion forum allowing HCM users to ask questions and collaborate on HCM-related matters; and Notifications of chapter updates, active discussions, and more via an optional e-mail notification feature."--Publisher.
Author : Athul Abraham Alex
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 175 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (958 download)
Download or read book Volume-change Restraining Effects in Continuous Precast/prestressed Bridge Girders written by Athul Abraham Alex and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A variety of design and construction practices are feasible when building precast concrete continuous bridges with long spans. Precast, prestressed concrete continuous bridges have been implemented by countries around the world. Although these bridges have been in service for many years, there has been limited verification of the ability of connection to provide the predicted continuity. Subsequently many states in the United States design the girders as simple spans for both dead and live loads without considering any moments developed by the connection. The effect of thermal expansion and contraction is hardly considered in the analysis, even though it is found to have significant effects on continuity. The objective of this study is to evaluate the current state of the art practices relevant to continuous precast concrete bridges and to recommend the most suitable design methods of analyzing the continuity behavior. This research focuses on providing detailed analysis to evaluate the restraining effects in a continuous bridge system. Detailed analysis was performed using the specifications of the NU-girder system, which has been a widely adopted solution in the State of Nebraska. This research consisted of two phases: Phase 1: Conduct an extensive literature survey to find information regarding existing continuity behavior as investigated by various researchers. Phase 2: Propose the most suitable method for analyzing connection design. Discuss advantages, construction time and cost comparisons of the NU-girder system with other systems adopted in the United States.
Author : Kromel E. Hanna
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780549981343
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (813 download)
Download or read book Behavior of Adjacent Precast Prestressed Concrete Box Girder Bridges written by Kromel E. Hanna and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : David Paul Gustafson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 350 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (157 download)
Download or read book Shear Behavior of Prestressed Concrete Bridge Girders ... written by David Paul Gustafson and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Michael G. Oliva
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 134 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (891 download)
Download or read book Finite Element Analysis of Deep Wide-flanged Pre-stressed Girders to Understand and Control End Cracking written by Michael G. Oliva and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 106 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book The Behavior of Prestressed High Performance Concrete Bridge Girders for US Highway 401 Over the Neuse River in Wake County, NC written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Richard A. Miller (Professional engineer)
Publisher : Transportation Research Board
ISBN 13 : 0309087937
Total Pages : 202 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Connection of Simple-span Precast Concrete Girders for Continuity written by Richard A. Miller (Professional engineer) and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2004 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction and Research Approach -- Findings -- Interpretation, Appraisal, and Application -- Interpretation, Appraisal, and Application -- References -- Appendixes.
Author : Patrick James Kelly
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (144 download)
Download or read book Bearing Zone Cracking of Precast Prestressed Concrete Bridge Girders written by Patrick James Kelly and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents the results of a research project that tested five friction reducing techniques on the bearing ends of precast prestressed concrete bridge girders. The five techniques were the following: an oil coated surface, embedded steel plate with an oil coated surface, embedded steel angle with an oil coated surface, teflon pad, and a wax lubricant.
