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Begriffe Satze Dinge
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Book Synopsis Begriffe, Sätze, Dinge by : Matthias Kaufmann
Download or read book Begriffe, Sätze, Dinge written by Matthias Kaufmann and published by BRILL. This book was released on 1994 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work shows the brilliance and the actuality of Ockham's philosophy by giving an analytic introduction to his theory of language, his ontology, and his epistemology.
Download or read book Categories written by Giuseppe D' Anna and published by Georg Olms Verlag. This book was released on 2018-03-01 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Das Nachdenken über die Kategorien markiert einen grundlegenden Übergang in der Geschichte der Philosophie. Durch die Theoretisierung dieses Problems erhält die Philosophie jenen metareflexiven Charakter, der wahrscheinlich eines der typischeren Merkmale philosophischen Wissens und ihrer Methode darstellt. Das Kategorienproblem wurde im Laufe der Geschichte der Philosophie schrittweise durchdrungen, aber nie endgültig gelöst. In dieser Hinsicht kann die Geschichte der Kategorien im Rahmen der Philosophie nicht als abgeschlossen gelten: tatsächlich wird das Kategorienthema vom Altertum bis in die Gegenwart hinein analysiert und diskutiert, ohne dass seine theoretische Fruchtbarkeit bereits erschöpft wäre. Die aktuelle Kategorienforschung muss sich unweigerlich mit der Geschichte der Kategorien befassen, wenn sie Fortschritte erzielen und bereits in der Vergangenheit begangene Fehler vermeiden will. Hieraus ergibt sich eine der Aufgaben des vorliegenden Bandes, der von dem Bedürfnis ausgeht, Perspektiven und Wege der Kategoriengeschichte aufzuzeigen. Das Ergebnis ist nicht erschöpfend; vielmehr wird ein erster und partieller Beitrag zu einem ausgedehnteren Projekt vorgelegt. The reflection upon the categories leaves a fundamental mark in the history of philosophy. By theorizing such issue, philosophy gains a meta-reflexive feature, which is probably one of the most distinguishing traits of this kind of knowledge, including its method. In the history of philosophy, the question of the categories has been gradually investigated and clarified but it still remains to be solved. Therefore, from a philosophical perspective, the history of the categories is far from coming to an end: since ancient times, it has been debated and discussed, thus revealing all its theoretical potential. Such a broad history should be taken into account by any present study that wants to represent a real progress in the research, in order to avoid repeating errors that have been already made in the past. Among other things, this is one of the objectives of the present volume, which comes from the will to describe some paths and perspectives of this history, without claiming to deliver an exhaustive overview and rather representing the first partial contribution to a wider project.
Book Synopsis Nominalism and Literary Discourse by :
Download or read book Nominalism and Literary Discourse written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-11-01 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Influential accounts of European cultural history variously suggest that the rise of nominalism and its ultimate victory over realist orientations were highly implemental factors in the formation of Modern Europe since the later Middle Ages, but particularly the Reformation. Quite probably, this is a simplification of a state of affairs that is in fact more complex, indeed ambiguous. However, if there is any truth in such propositions - which have, after all, been made by many prominent commentators, such as Panofsky, Heer, Blumenberg, Foucault, Eco, Kristeva - we may no doubt assume that literary texts will have responded and in turn contributed, in a variety of ways, to these processes of cultural transformation. It seems of considerable interest, therefore, to take a close look at the complex, precarious position which literature, as basically a symbolic mode of signification, held in the perennial struggles and discursive negotiations between the semiotic 'twin paradigms' of nominalism and realism. This collection of essays (many of them by leading scholars in the field) is a first comprehensive attempt to tackle such issues - by analyzing representative literary texts in terms of their underlying semiotic orientations, specifically of nominalism, but also by studying pertinent historical, theoretical and discursive co(n)texts of such developments in their relation to literary discourse. At the same time, since 'literary nominalism' and 'realism' are conceived as fundamentally aesthetic phenomena instantiating a genuinely 'literary debate over universals', consistent emphasis is placed on the discursive dimension of the texts scrutinized, in an endeavour to re-orient and consolidate an emergent research paradigm which promises to open up entirely new perspectives for the study of literary semiotics, as well as of aesthetics in general. Historical focus is provided by concentrating on the English situation in the era of transition from late medieval to early modern (c. 1350-1650), but readers will also find contributions on Chrétien de Troyes and Rabelais, as well as on the 'aftermath' of the earlier debates - as exemplified in studies of Locke and (post)modern critical altercations, respectively, which serve to point up the continuing relevance of the issues involved. A substantial introductory essay seeks to develop an overarching theoretical framework for the study of nominalism and literary discourse, in addition to offering an in-depth exploration of the 'nominalism/realism-complex' in its relation to literature. An extensive bibliography and index are further features of interest to both specialists and general readers.
Book Synopsis Contingent Causality and the Foundations of Duns Scotus' Metaphysics by : Sylwanowicz
Download or read book Contingent Causality and the Foundations of Duns Scotus' Metaphysics written by Sylwanowicz and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-10-25 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study challenges the current view that the originality of Duns Scotus' notion of contingent causality lies in modal logic. It works as an ontological concept, and so provides a point of entry into the foundations of Duns Scotus' metaphysics. As one of two basic manifestations of the active causal power of being, it points to Scotus' underlying ontology, which can no longer be seen as a failure to attain Aquinas' clarity. We have a positive alternative, capable of generating the characteristic Scotist theses: univocity of being, formal distinction, haecceitas, proof of God's existence from possibility, the producibility of God's ideas. The exploration of the role contingent causality plays in Scotus' and Bradwardine's views on free will and predestination, and Bradwardine's claim that 'God can undo the past', opens the way towards new interpretations.
Book Synopsis Dialectic and Theology in the Eleventh Century by : Toivo J. Holopainen
Download or read book Dialectic and Theology in the Eleventh Century written by Toivo J. Holopainen and published by BRILL. This book was released on 1996 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study provides a reappraisal of the eleventh-century controversy over the value of logic in theology on the basis of close exegesis of the central texts by Peter Damian, Lanfranc of Bec, Berengar of Tours and Anselm of Canterbury.
Book Synopsis Medieval Philosophy and the Transcendentals by : Jan Aertsen
Download or read book Medieval Philosophy and the Transcendentals written by Jan Aertsen and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-12-06 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Students of Thomas Aquinas have so far lacked a comprehensive study of his doctrine of the transcendentals. This volume fills this lacuna, showing the fundamental character of the notions of being, one, true and good for his thought. The book inquires into the beginnings of the doctrine in the thirteenth century and explains the relation of the transcendental way of thought to Aquinas's conception of metaphysics. It analyzes "Being," "One," "True," "Good" and "Beautiful" individually and discusses their importance for the philosophical knowledge of God. Medieval Philosophy and the Transcendentals: The Case of Thomas Aquinas is intended as a contribution to the question "What is philosophy in the Middle Ages?". It argues that the doctrine of the transcendentals is essential for understanding medieval philosophy.
Book Synopsis Thomas Manlevelt - Questiones libri Porphirii by : Alfred Van der Helm
Download or read book Thomas Manlevelt - Questiones libri Porphirii written by Alfred Van der Helm and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2014-01-30 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Questiones libri Porphirii is a commentary on Porphyry's Isagoge by the fourteenth-century logician Thomas Manlevelt. It is edited here in full. Not much is known of Thomas Manlevelt, but his work is remarkable enough. Following in the footsteps of William of Ockham, Manlevelt stresses the individual nature of all things existing in the outside world. He radically challenges our conceptional framework. He applies Ockham's razor in a ruthless manner to do away with all entities not deemed necessary for preservation. In the end, Manlevelt even maintains that substance does not exist. In this text early Ockhamism is being pushed to its extremes.
Book Synopsis John Duns Scotus by : Ludger Honnefelder
Download or read book John Duns Scotus written by Ludger Honnefelder and published by BRILL. This book was released on 1996 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Of realty the rarest-veined unraveler', John Duns Scotus was one of the profoundest metaphysicians who ever lived. In this volume, the world's foremost Scotus scholars collaborate to present the latest research on his work. In ethics, the focus is on practical wisdom, on beauty as an ethical concept, and on the independence of the virtues; in metaphysics, on modality, individuation, and being. Textbook accounts notwithstanding, Scotus' theory of logical possibilities implies no existence or actuality for possible beings though being and thinking presuppose the domain of possibility; potency only supervenes on the actual. There are important thirteenth-century precursors of Scotus' theory of modality and individuation. Posterior to quidditative entity, Scotus clearly distinguishes the ultimate reality of individual beings both from individuals and from individuality.
Book Synopsis Iter Vaticanum Franciscanum by : Etzkorn
Download or read book Iter Vaticanum Franciscanum written by Etzkorn and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-12-06 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Vatican Library's Vaticanus Latinus collection is one of its largest holdings. The majority of the codices between the shelf numbers 3000 and 9000 remain as yet to be cataloged according to modern standards. Professor Girard Etzkorn has cataloged over one hundred of these manuscripts, selecting principally those pertaining to Franciscan authors and Franciscan history between the thirteenth and fifteenth centuries. He has successfully identified the authors of many treatises and sometimes entire works which were hitherto 'anonymous'. While the Iter Vaticanum Franciscanum focuses principally on manuscripts dealing with philosophy and theology, there are also codices which transmit texts on medieval astronomy, medicine, Canon Law, as well as numerous sermons, many of which have until now been unknown. The format of this catalog comprises three (sometimes four) categories: 1) the description, 2) a list of published editions, 3) annotations of historical, biographical or bibliographical importance noted in the codex and 4) a bibliography of 'post-medieval' books and articles about the codex and/or its contents.
Book Synopsis Measure of a Different Greatness by : Anne Davenport
Download or read book Measure of a Different Greatness written by Anne Davenport and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-10-11 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume examines a selection of late medieval works devoted to the intensive infinite in order to draw a comprehensive picture of the context, character and importance of scholastic efforts to reason philosophically about divine infinity. As Dominican masters face Franciscan 'spirituals' and as university-trained theologians face evangelical laymen, the purpose and meaning of divine infinity shift, reflecting a basic tension between the Church's Petrine vocation for geopolitical orthodoxy and its more Pauline mission to promote Christian orthopraxis. The first part of the book traces the scholastic defense of divine infinity from the holocaust of Montségur up to John Duns Scotus. The second part examines the semiotic breakthrough initiated by William of Ockham and the subsequent penetration of infinist theory into a wide variety of disciplines.
Book Synopsis Roger Bacon and the Sciences by : Hackett
Download or read book Roger Bacon and the Sciences written by Hackett and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-10-25 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume deals with the philosophy and thought of Roger Bacon. It is an effort to bring Roger Bacon studies up to date. Attention is given to a wide range of topics: Bacon's life and works, Bacon's contribution to the trivium (language studies) and the quadrivium (scientific-mathematical studies), his notion of a science, his moral philosophy, Bacon's contribution to medicine, alchemy, astrology, Bacon's positions in physics and metaphysics, an up dated bibliography of Bacon studies and a review of the state of Bacon Manuscripts. The volume situates Roger Bacon in the context of 13th century philosophy and thought, as well as demonstrating his importance for later thinkers. It is expected that it will be a major new contribution to Medieval and Renaissance Studies.
Book Synopsis Die Rezeption Der Mittelalterlichen Sprachphilosophie in Der Theologie Des Thomas Von Aquin by : Seung-Chan Park
Download or read book Die Rezeption Der Mittelalterlichen Sprachphilosophie in Der Theologie Des Thomas Von Aquin written by Seung-Chan Park and published by BRILL. This book was released on 1999 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first detailed monography on how Thomas Aquinas used the contemporary philosophy of language in his works. Precise interpretations, many tables and schematical drawings give the reader a useful orientation in the field of the new research on Aquinas.
Book Synopsis Nicholas of Autrecourt: His Correspondence with Master Giles and Bernard of Arezzo by : L.M. de Rijk
Download or read book Nicholas of Autrecourt: His Correspondence with Master Giles and Bernard of Arezzo written by L.M. de Rijk and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-12-06 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains the first critical edition and a complete English translation of the well-known correspondence conducted by the fourteenth-century 'sceptic' author, Nicholas of Autrecourt, with Bernard of Arezzo and a Master Giles. In the Introduction the extant manuscripts are analysed and the different positions of Nicholas, Bernard and Giles are discussed; the purport of Giles' reply to Nicholas is, contrary to common opinion, identified as a defence of Aristotelianism rather than of Bernard's 'sceptic' views. Two appendices contain the first critical edition of the records of the Avignon trial against Nicholas found in the Vatican Archives, and the "Condemned Articles" with an English translation. The volume is rounded off with extensive indexes, which facilitate the use of the book as a source for the history of fourteenth-century thought.
Book Synopsis Weakness of the Will in Medieval Thought by : Saarinen
Download or read book Weakness of the Will in Medieval Thought written by Saarinen and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-12-06 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book sets out to examine the medieval understanding of Aristotle's famous discussion of “weakness of the will” (akrasia, incontinentia) in the seventh book of his Nicomachean Ethics. The medieval views are outlined primarily on the basis of the commentaries on Aristotle's Ethics by Albert the Great, Thomas Aquinas, Walter Burley, Gerald Odonis and John Buridan. An investigation of the earlier Augustinian discussion concerning reluctant actions (invitus facere) rounds out the study. The recent studies of weakness of the will have neglected the medieval philosophers. The present volume fills this gap in historical research and shows that especially the conceptual refinement of the fourteenth-century discussion makes contributions that are comparable to those of twentieth-century philosophers.
Download or read book Getting it Wrong written by Evans and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-10-11 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Getting it wrong deals with the dark side of the medieval theory of knowledge, the ways in which perceptions can err, curiosity get out of hand, and knowledge damage the knower. The first and second parts explore the organs, powers and faculies of the soul and the ways in which teaching and learning occur. The third part of the book examines medieval ideas of "common knowledge"and the ways in which individuals can share or fail to share the knowledge human being ought to have. The fourth part considers wisdom and folly, security and incompleteness of knowledge, truth and lies.
Download or read book On Reduplication written by Allan T. Bäck and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-12-06 with total page 567 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On Reduplication is a study of the logical properties of reduplicative propositions, that is, of propositions having qualifications, like 'Christ qua God is a creature' and 'being qua being is the subject of metaphysics'. The focus is on what ways qualifications change the truth value and the inference patterns of simple, categorical propositions. The central class of reduplications is that in which the qualifications are introduced by a qua connective like 'qua', 'insofar as', 'under the concept of', or 'in virtue of the fact that'. Reduplicative propositions occur frequently and importantly in both traditional and contemporary philosophical works, but there has been little modern analysis of them. This study presents, compares and analyzes the different theories of reduplication that have arisen in Western philosophy. Texts are presented and explicated, and their significance is weighed relative to modern logical theory. Throughout this study, some important applications of theories of reduplication are noted, such as Leibniz's qualification of the principle of the Identity of Indiscernibles, Ockham's reduction of abstract entities, and Aquinas's view on the Incarnation.
Book Synopsis Questions on the De Anima of Aristotle by : Synan
Download or read book Questions on the De Anima of Aristotle written by Synan and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-11-01 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text of Oxford "Questions" on Aristotle's De Anima, assembled before 1306, conveys a number of philosophical positions for which modern scholars often depend upon theologians. The single manuscript in which this series has been found is a collection of texts useful for students in Arts. A number of the authors represented, including Adam Burley, are known solely through this collection; others, including Walter Burley and Richard of Campsall, would make their reputations later as theologians. Adam, Master in Arts, and Walter, a Bachelor, here dealt with strongly controverted issues from a rigorously "philosophical" perspective; the 'unity of intellect' and human freedom of choice are debated without reference to Church or Bible. Albert, Henry of Ghent, and Giles of Rome are the sole scholastic masters whose arguments are invoked.
