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Balancing Between T Cell Tolerance And Immunity
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Book Synopsis Balancing Between T Cell Tolerance and Immunity by : Linda Diehl
Download or read book Balancing Between T Cell Tolerance and Immunity written by Linda Diehl and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Balancing Between Immunity and Tolerance by : Nathalie Cools
Download or read book Balancing Between Immunity and Tolerance written by Nathalie Cools and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2010 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past 10 years, important progress has been made in the field of immunology, leading to a better notion of the relationship between the immune system and disease. While new immunotherapeutic efforts pave the way for the treatment of old diseases, understanding the biology, function and mechanisms of immune cell populations is of utmost concern for the development and optimisation of cellular immune therapies for the induction of effective immune responses in cancer and chronic infections on the one hand, and for the induction of T cell tolerance in autoimmune disorders and transplantation on the other hand. With the data presented in this book, we believe to have contributed to the knowledge on the role of immune effector cells, such as dendritic cells, in maintaining the subtle balance between immunity and tolerance. The data presented clearly open up new avenues in order to improve dendritic cell-based immunotherapies for immune stimulation and tolerance and should be especially usefull to professionals in immunology or anyone else interested in cell-based therapies.
Book Synopsis Janeway's Immunobiology by : Kenneth Murphy
Download or read book Janeway's Immunobiology written by Kenneth Murphy and published by Garland Science. This book was released on 2010-06-22 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Janeway's Immunobiology CD-ROM, Immunobiology Interactive, is included with each book, and can be purchased separately. It contains animations and videos with voiceover narration, as well as the figures from the text for presentation purposes.
Book Synopsis Immunological Tolerance by : Gregory R. Bock
Download or read book Immunological Tolerance written by Gregory R. Bock and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-30 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together material on all aspects of immunological tolerance. Basic mechanisms of tolerance are examined in detail, including mechanisms of peripheral T cell tolerance, molecular and genetic mechanisms for maintaining self tolerance, partial T cell activation, and the role of apoptosis in tolerance. Careful consideration is also given to the clinical applications of our understanding of immunological tolerance, with specific chapters dealing with T cell activation during tumour therapy, antiantigen specific immune suppression, tolerance in infectious diseases, tolerance during pregnancy, and tolerance during various autoimmune diseases.
Book Synopsis Balancing Between Immunity and Tolerance by : Nathalie Cools
Download or read book Balancing Between Immunity and Tolerance written by Nathalie Cools and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Molecular Biology of The Cell by : Bruce Alberts
Download or read book Molecular Biology of The Cell written by Bruce Alberts and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Regulatory T Cells in Inflammation by : Leonie S. Taams
Download or read book Regulatory T Cells in Inflammation written by Leonie S. Taams and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-03-30 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Regulatory T-cells are essential components of the immune system, and several different subsets of regulatory T-cells have been described. Considerable regulatory function has been attributed to the CD4+CD25+ T-cell subset. These cells act by suppressing adaptive and possibly innate immune responses thereby maintaining or restoring the balance between immunity and tolerance. The suppressive effects of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T-cells are cell-contact dependent. Recent developments and viewpoints in the field of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T-cells as well as the potential use of regulatory T-cells in immunotherapy of inflammatory diseases are discussed in this volume. By linking data from experimental models with recent findings from the clinic, this book will be of interest to immunologists and other biomedical researchers as well as clinicians interested in the regulation and manipulation of the immune response during inflammatory disease.
Book Synopsis Natural Killer T cells by : Masaki Terabe
Download or read book Natural Killer T cells written by Masaki Terabe and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-09-22 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book will cover primary roles of NKT cells in immunity to cancer, in both mouse tumor models and cancer patients. There are several chapters describing general aspects of NKT cells.
Book Synopsis Metabolism and Immune Tolerance by : Duncan Howie
Download or read book Metabolism and Immune Tolerance written by Duncan Howie and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-01-21 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historically the study of the immune system and metabolism have been two very separate fields. In recent years, a growing literature has emerged illustrating how the multiple processes of cellular metabolism are intricately linked to several aspects of immune function and development. This Research Topic covers recent progress in the field now known as “Immunometabolism” and the role of metabolism in immune tolerance. Immune tolerance is operationally defined as a state where a host’s immune system is balanced such that although self-reactive lymphocytes are present, they are kept in check by immune regulation. Perturbations to this homeostasis may result in self-reactive lymphocytes gaining the upper hand and mediating auto-immune disease. Maintenance of immune tolerance involves a large cast of different cell types including effector T cells, regulatory T cells, B cells, stromal cells, dendritic cells and macrophages. Intracellular pathways and individual enzymes of metabolism have been shown to be harnessed by cells of both the adaptive and innate immune system to allow particular immune functions to be achieved. Examples include metabolic enzymes serving ‘moonlighting’ functions in mRNA translation, gene splicing, and kinase activation. Other examples include the requirement for de novo fatty acid synthesis for differentiation into Th17 effectors and CD8 memory T cells or products of the TCA cycle promoting pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Likewise, the availability of extracellular metabolic substrates has a large impact on the maintenance of local immune tolerance. For example, there are different requirements for glucose, glutamine and fatty acids for effector versus regulatory T cell development. Also tolerogenic dendritic cells mediate lowering of extracellular essential amino acids by their enhanced catabolism, promoting the induction of regulatory T cells. The purpose of this Research Topic is to provide an update on the current understanding of the multiple roles for metabolism in regulating the immune system.
Book Synopsis Signaling Mechanisms Regulating T Cell Diversity and Function by : Jonathan Soboloff
Download or read book Signaling Mechanisms Regulating T Cell Diversity and Function written by Jonathan Soboloff and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-03-27 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: T cells play a vital role mediating adaptive immunity, a specific acquired resistance to an infectious agent produced by the introduction of an antigen. There are a variety of T cell types with different functions. They are called T cells, because they are derived from the thymus gland. This volume discusses how T cells are regulated through the operation of signaling mechanisms. Topics covered include positive and negative selection, early events in T cell receptor engagement, and various T cell subsets.
Book Synopsis Nutrition and Immunity by : Maryam Mahmoudi
Download or read book Nutrition and Immunity written by Maryam Mahmoudi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-07-30 with total page 515 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides readers with a systematic assessment of current literature on the link between nutrition and immunity. Chapters cover immunonutrition topics such as child development, cancer, aging, allergic asthma, food intolerance, obesity, and chronic critical illness. It also presents a thorough review of microflora of the gut and the essential role it plays in regulating the balance between immune tolerance and inflammation. Written by experts in the field, Nutrition and Immunity helps readers to further understand the importance of healthy dietary patterns in relation to providing immunity against disorders and offering readily available immunonutritional programming in clinical care. It will be a valuable resource for dietitians, immunologists, endocrinologists and other healthcare professionals.
Download or read book T Lymphocytes written by Franco Celada and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1992 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Elucidates the structure and function of T lymphocytes, the commanding elements of the immune system, providing a balance between the basic principles and latest experimental findings of cellular immunology; and the hypotheses, speculations, and new projections that will inform the field during the
Book Synopsis Vaccine Safety Forum by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Vaccine Safety Forum written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1997-08-10 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On November 6, 1995, the Institute of Medicine's Vaccine Safety Forum convened a workshop on detecting and responding to adverse events following vaccination. Workshop speakers and participants discussed the difficulties in detecting adverse events, current adverse events detection and response methods and procedures, suggestions for improving the means of detecting and responding to adverse events following vaccination, and future areas of research. This document represents a summary of that workshop.
Book Synopsis Tuning Immune Responses by : Li-Fan Lu
Download or read book Tuning Immune Responses written by Li-Fan Lu and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Regulatory T Cells in Inflammation by : Leonie S. Taams
Download or read book Regulatory T Cells in Inflammation written by Leonie S. Taams and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2009-09-03 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Regulatory T-cells are essential components of the immune system, and several different subsets of regulatory T-cells have been described. Considerable regulatory function has been attributed to the CD4+CD25+ T-cell subset. These cells act by suppressing adaptive and possibly innate immune responses thereby maintaining or restoring the balance between immunity and tolerance. The suppressive effects of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T-cells are cell-contact dependent. Recent developments and viewpoints in the field of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T-cells as well as the potential use of regulatory T-cells in immunotherapy of inflammatory diseases are discussed in this volume. By linking data from experimental models with recent findings from the clinic, this book will be of interest to immunologists and other biomedical researchers as well as clinicians interested in the regulation and manipulation of the immune response during inflammatory disease.
Book Synopsis Signals Required for the Induction of Antigen-based Therapeutic Tolerance by : Joanne Elizabeth Konkel
Download or read book Signals Required for the Induction of Antigen-based Therapeutic Tolerance written by Joanne Elizabeth Konkel and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the actions of central tolerance during thymic selection, it is clear that the peripheral T cell repertoire contains significant numbers of self-reactive T cells. The immune system needs to curtail the risk of autoimmune disease by controlling the activity of these self-reactive T cells. Various mechanisms are in place to achieve this control (peripheral tolerance). Activation of CD4+ T cells requires two signals; engagement of the T cell receptor (TCR) with an appropriate peptide:MHC complex (signal 1), and the aggregate effect of multiple signals generated following ligation of costimulatory and coinhibitory molecules (signal 2). Both signals are required for the generation of a productive T cell response and both are provided by the professional antigen presenting cell, the dendritic cell (DC). T cells are fully activated upon receiving both signal 1 and 2, but are rendered tolerant when they receive only signal 1. This can be exploited therapeutically through the administration of peptides to induce tolerance in peptidereactive T cells. Administration of peptide with an adjuvant provides both signal 1 and 2, and leads to a sustained T cell response against the administered peptide (immunity). However, if the same peptide is administered in soluble form, only signal 1 is provided, leading to the establishment of T cell tolerance. The studies in this thesis explore the role of both signal 1 and signal 2 in peptide-induced T cell tolerance. Previous data from our laboratory have highlighted PD-1 and RANKL as costimulatory molecules which could play a role in peptide-induced T cell tolerance. Here we show that PD-1, an important coinhibitory molecule, plays a vital role in restraining peripheral T cell expansion under conditions leading to T cell immunity. However, in contrast to data from other studies, we demonstrate that PD-1 plays no role in the induction, establishment or maintenance of peptide-induced T cell tolerance. We show that the costimulatory receptor ligand pair RANK:RANKL plays a role in the balance between T cell tolerance and immunity; as administration of anti-RANKL was seen to potentiate both tolerance and immunity. We also explored the effect of altering the affinity of a peptide for MHC on the induction of peptide tolerance. We demonstrate that use of a peptide with a high-affinity for MHC induces tolerance via a novel, non-deletional mechanism of peptide-tolerance induction. Importantly, we show that the high-affinity peptide can form peptide- MHC complexes which persist in a biologically relevant form for fourteen days following peptide administration. We suggest that this leads to chronic stimulation of peptide-reactive T cells which promotes acquisition of a novel tolerant phenotype. Collectively the work described in this thesis demonstrates the important roles both signal 1 and 2 play in therapeutic-tolerance induction and how the qualitative and quantitative alteration of these signals can alter T cell fate and/or responsiveness.
Book Synopsis An Untold Tale of Tolerance by : Noémi Anna Nagy
Download or read book An Untold Tale of Tolerance written by Noémi Anna Nagy and published by . This book was released on 2024 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chronic inflammatory disorders, including various autoimmune diseases and allergies, put a significant burden on our societies. As these conditions stem from a breach in immune tolerance, immune modulation could provide novel avenues for disease prevention or cure. Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized immune cells that can effectively induce the development of regulatory T cells (Tregs), critical adaptive immune cells for dampening inflammation. Both active metabolites of vitamin D3 (VD3) and retinoic acid (RA) can induce tolerogenic DCs, subsequently fostering a Treg response in vitro. Nanocarriers, such as liposomes or plant-based bioparticles, can be used to combine VD3 or RA with autoantigens or allergens and target these factors simultaneously to DCs in tissue to achieve disease-specific tolerance in vivo. In this thesis, we embarked upon developing a nanocarrier-based vaccine product for future in vivo modulation of DCs. We established negatively charged liposomes as most suitable for administering adjuvants to DCs. We found that various subsets of DCs treated with VD3 or RA, in soluble or liposome-loaded form, induced the development of CD4+ but also CD8+ Tregs in vitro. Furthermore, we established an activating yet hypo-allergenic effect of peanut allergen-loaded bioparticles on DCs. Finally, we present a randomized controlled phase I clinical trial examining the peripheral immune effect of subcutaneous VD3 administration in birch pollen allergic patients. Thus, this thesis encompasses the first steps toward a putative DC-targeted vaccine treating chronic inflammation.