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Background Measurements In Gamma Ray Surveys
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Book Synopsis Background Measurements in Gamma-ray Surveys by : R. L. Grasty
Download or read book Background Measurements in Gamma-ray Surveys written by R. L. Grasty and published by Geological Survey of Canada. This book was released on 1988 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Airborne gamma-ray data from Malawi, Africa were used to develop an automated system for computing on-line atmospheric background radioactivity. The atmospheric backgrounds were calculated using lead-shielded upward-looking detectors calibrated from airborne measurements over a large lake and areas with varying proportions of uranium and thorium. The method was tested by producing atmospheric uranium background maps and background corrected uranium count rate maps from two different areas.
Book Synopsis Reconnaissance and Preliminary Interpretation of Upper Devonian to Permian Stratigraphy of Northeastern Ellesmere Island, Canadian Arctic Archipelago by : Ulrich Mayr
Download or read book Reconnaissance and Preliminary Interpretation of Upper Devonian to Permian Stratigraphy of Northeastern Ellesmere Island, Canadian Arctic Archipelago written by Ulrich Mayr and published by Geological Syrvey of Canada. This book was released on 1992 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Report contains the results of a reconnaissance study of Devonian, Carboniferous and Permian rocks of northeastern Ellesmere Island in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago.
Book Synopsis Gamma-ray Surveys in Uranium Exploration by : International Atomic Energy Agency
Download or read book Gamma-ray Surveys in Uranium Exploration written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by Bernan Press(PA). This book was released on 1979 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This report is intended to provide newcomers to uranium exploration with an up-to-date statement of the principal factors to be considered in planning and using gamma-ray surveys."--Introduction.
Author :International Atomic Energy Agency. Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Materials Section Publisher : ISBN 13 :9789201083036 Total Pages :173 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 (83 download)
Book Synopsis Guidelines for Radioelement Mapping Using Gamma Ray Spectrometry Data by : International Atomic Energy Agency. Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Materials Section
Download or read book Guidelines for Radioelement Mapping Using Gamma Ray Spectrometry Data written by International Atomic Energy Agency. Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Materials Section and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Survey Meter for the Measurement of Alpha, Beta, and Gamma Rays, Fast and Slow Neutrons by : O. G. Landsverk
Download or read book A Survey Meter for the Measurement of Alpha, Beta, and Gamma Rays, Fast and Slow Neutrons written by O. G. Landsverk and published by . This book was released on 1946 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Airborne Gamma Ray Spectrometer Surveying by : International Atomic Energy Agency
Download or read book Airborne Gamma Ray Spectrometer Surveying written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Gamma-Ray Background Variability in Mobile Detectors by : Timothy John Aucott
Download or read book Gamma-Ray Background Variability in Mobile Detectors written by Timothy John Aucott and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gamma-ray background radiation significantly reduces detection sensitivity when searching for radioactive sources in the field, such as in wide-area searches for homeland security applications. Mobile detector systems in particular must contend with a variable background that is not necessarily known or even measurable a priori. This work will present measurements of the spatial and temporal variability of the background, with the goal of merging gamma-ray detection, spectroscopy, and imaging with contextual information--a "nuclear street view" of the ubiquitous background radiation. The gamma-ray background originates from a variety of sources, both natural and anthropogenic. The dominant sources in the field are the primordial isotopes potassium-40, uranium-238, and thorium-232, as well as their decay daughters. In addition to the natural background, many artificially-created isotopes are used for industrial or medical purposes, and contamination from fission products can be found in many environments. Regardless of origin, these backgrounds will reduce detection sensitivity by adding both statistical as well as systematic uncertainty. In particular, large detector arrays will be limited by the systematic uncertainty in the background and will suffer from a high rate of false alarms. The goal of this work is to provide a comprehensive characterization of the gamma-ray background and its variability in order to improve detection sensitivity and evaluate the performance of mobile detectors in the field. Large quantities of data are measured in order to study their performance at very low false alarm rates. Two different approaches, spectroscopy and imaging, are compared in a controlled study in the presence of this measured background. Furthermore, there is additional information that can be gained by correlating the gamma-ray data with contextual data streams (such as cameras and global positioning systems) in order to reduce the variability in the background. This is accomplished by making many hours of background measurements with a truck-mounted system, which utilizes high-purity germanium detectors for spectroscopy and sodium iodide detectors for coded aperture imaging. This system also utilizes various peripheral sensors, such as panoramic cameras, laser ranging systems, global positioning systems, and a weather station to provide context for the gamma-ray data. About three hundred hours of data were taken in the San Francisco Bay Area, covering a wide variety of environments that might be encountered in operational scenarios. These measurements were used in a source injection study to evaluate the sensitivity of different algorithms (imaging and spectroscopy) and hardware (sodium iodide and high-purity germanium detectors). These measurements confirm that background distributions in large, mobile detector systems are dominated by systematic, not statistical variations, and both spectroscopy and imaging were found to substantially reduce this variability. Spectroscopy performed better than the coded aperture for the given scintillator array (one square meter of sodium iodide) for a variety of sources and geometries. By modeling the statistical and systematic uncertainties of the background, the data can be sampled to simulate the performance of a detector array of arbitrary size and resolution. With a larger array or lower resolution detectors, however imaging was better able to compensate for background variability.
Book Synopsis Practical Gamma-ray Spectroscopy by : Gordon Gilmore
Download or read book Practical Gamma-ray Spectroscopy written by Gordon Gilmore and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-09-07 with total page 597 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Second Edition of Practical Gamma-Ray Spectrometry has been completely revised and updated, providing comprehensive coverage of the whole gamma-ray detection and spectrum analysis processes. Drawn on many years of teaching experience to produce this uniquely practical volume, issues discussed include the origin of gamma-rays and the issue of quality assurance in gamma-ray spectrometry. This new edition also covers the analysis of decommissioned nuclear plants, computer modelling systems for calibration, uncertainty measurements in QA, and many more topics.
Book Synopsis Modeling Background Radiation Using Geochemical Data by :
Download or read book Modeling Background Radiation Using Geochemical Data written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here, this study compares high-resolution forward models of natural gamma-ray background with that measured by high resolution aerial gamma-ray surveys. The ability to predict variations in natural background radiation levels should prove useful for those engaged in measuring anthropogenic contributions to background radiation for the purpose of emergency response and homeland security operations. The forward models are based on geologic maps and remote sensing multi-spectral imagery combined with two different sources of data: 1) bedrock geochemical data (uranium, potassium and thorium concentrations) collected from national databases, the scientific literature and private companies, and 2) the low spatial resolution NURE (National Uranium Resource Evaluation) aerial gamma-ray survey. The study area near Cameron, Arizona, is located in an arid region with minimal vegetation and, due to the presence of abandoned uranium mines, was the subject of a previous high resolution gamma-ray survey. We found that, in general, geologic map units form a good basis for predicting the geographic distribution of the gamma-ray background. Predictions of background gamma-radiation levels based on bedrock geochemical analyses were not as successful as those based on the NURE aerial survey data sorted by geologic unit. The less successful result of the bedrock geochemical model is most likely due to a number of factors including the need to take into account the evolution of soil geochemistry during chemical weathering and the influence of aeolian addition. Refinements to the forward models were made using ASTER visualizations to create subunits of similar exposure rate within the Chinle Formation, which contains multiple lithologies and by grouping alluvial units by drainage basin rather than age.
Book Synopsis Analysis of the Gamma-ray-backscatter Technique for Direct Measurement of the Density of the Martian Atmosphere by : Peter J. LeBel
Download or read book Analysis of the Gamma-ray-backscatter Technique for Direct Measurement of the Density of the Martian Atmosphere written by Peter J. LeBel and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Aerial Radiological Measuring Survey of the Area Surrounding the Dresden Nuclear Power Station, Morris, Illinois, September 1968 by : P. K. Boyns
Download or read book Aerial Radiological Measuring Survey of the Area Surrounding the Dresden Nuclear Power Station, Morris, Illinois, September 1968 written by P. K. Boyns and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Aerial Radiologcal Measuring System (ARMS), operated for the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, was used to perform surveys of several operational and non-operational reactor sites during the summer months of 1968. The data collected on these surveys included aerial photographs of the installations. Aerial radiation survey data consisting of exposure rates normalized to 3 feet above the ground plus gamma ray spectral charts, effluent characterization for operational sites (intensity rates and isotope constituents), and pertinent descriptive information of the installation. Data collected during the survey of the Dresden Nuclear Power Station and surrounding area, including an effluent plume track, are presented.
Book Synopsis The Calibration of Gamma-ray Spectrometers for Ground and Airborne Use by : R. L. Grasty
Download or read book The Calibration of Gamma-ray Spectrometers for Ground and Airborne Use written by R. L. Grasty and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The calibration of field gamma-ray spectrometers require radioactive sources of effectively infinite size. Five large radioactive calibration slabs have been constructed for this purpose and the techniques used to determine the sensitivities and Compton scattering coefficients of field gamma-ray spectrometers are described. Results obtained for 3 gamma-ray spectrometers, used by the Geological Survey of Canda, are presented.
Author :U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Office of Standards Development Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :1058 pages Book Rating :4.F/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Regulatory Guide by : U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Office of Standards Development
Download or read book Regulatory Guide written by U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Office of Standards Development and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 1058 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contents: 1. Power reactors.--2. Research and test reactors.--3. Fuels and materials facilities.--4. Environmental and siting.--5. Materials and plant protection.--6. Products.--7. Transportation.--8. Occupational health.--9. Antitrust reviews.--10. General.
Book Synopsis Aerial Radiological Measuring Survey of the Nine Mile Point Nuclear Station, September 1969 by : EG & G, Inc. Las Vegas Area Operations
Download or read book Aerial Radiological Measuring Survey of the Nine Mile Point Nuclear Station, September 1969 written by EG & G, Inc. Las Vegas Area Operations and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Examining the Big Bang and Diffuse Background Radiations by : Menas Kafatos
Download or read book Examining the Big Bang and Diffuse Background Radiations written by Menas Kafatos and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: IAU Symposium No. 168, Examining the Big Bang and Diffuse Background Radiations, took place on August 23-26, 1994 at the XXIInd IAU General Assembly in the Hague, Netherlands. The meeting attracted a large number - over 250 - of astronomers, reflecting the strong interest engendered by the great advances in cosmology made in recent years. There is still a multitude of unresolved problems in modern cosmology and the symposium offered a wonderful occasion to examine them objectively, at a place where many leading workers in related fields gathered together. After the introduction by IAU President L. Woltjer and the historical background by Vice Present Virginia Trimble, the volume begins with reviews of the cosmic microwave radiation from COBE (Cosmic Background Explorer). Reviews of recent observations then extend from radio to infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays and gamma-rays. It is followed by theoretical models for the Big Bang and Inflation, and alternative views to the Big Bang. Following a discourse on Probes and Future Tests, the meeting ended with a Panel Discussion on `Major Unsolved Problems of Cosmology'. Some forty-four contributed papers - both oral and poster reports - are included after the invited talks and panel discussions.
Book Synopsis Technical Progress Report for the Quarter ... by :
Download or read book Technical Progress Report for the Quarter ... written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis U.S. Geological Survey Circular by :
Download or read book U.S. Geological Survey Circular written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
