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Author : Hiroshi Nakano
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 132 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)
Download or read book Authority and Income Inequality in Japanese Labor Markets written by Hiroshi Nakano and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Yoshimichi Satō
Publisher : Apollo Books
ISBN 13 : 9781920901820
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (18 download)
Download or read book Japan's New Inequality written by Yoshimichi Satō and published by Apollo Books. This book was released on 2011 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After the collapse of Japan's bubble-economy in the late 1980s, a wide range of neo-liberal reforms were introduced which dramatically affected the nature of the labor market. These reforms expanded and consolidated a two-tier market, widening the gap between those who benefit from the 'company citizenship' of 'regular' (long-term, secure) employment conditions and those who are increasingly disadvantaged by reduced income and security in the peripheral non-regular system of casual and short-term employment. The contributions in this volume - now available in paperback - use the 2005 Social Stratification and Mobility (SSM) survey data to analyze the effects of Japanese labor market reforms on social mobility, social welfare, company 'citizenship, ' incomes, as well as the policy implications for homelessness. (Series: Social Stratification and Inequality) *** "The volume makes a timely contribution in the context of extensive public debate in the media and recent academic works about the widening gap between rich and poor, and about the consequences of that gap for individuals and the society as a whole. The book is a valuable addition to the field and complements recent publications on social inequality . . . [and] is significant in two major ways. The first is that, going beyond quantitative changes in social inequality, it illuminates, and convincingly argues for, qualitative changes in social inequality. This is insightful. It advances our understanding of patterns of inequality, since we have long seen debates on increasing inequality in income and life chances and in terms of the 'working poor' and 'new poverty.' The second significance is the authors' insistence that institutions rather than individual attributes guide social inequality . . . Institutions set boundaries to, and guide, family and individual decision and actions, which have resulted in the qualitative changes in social inequality in the last three decades." - Journal of Japanese Studies, Vol. 40, No. 1, 2014Ã?Â?Ã?Â?
Author : Kojiro Sakurai
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789811059940
Total Pages : 106 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (599 download)
Download or read book Trade and the Labor Market written by Kojiro Sakurai and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Sawako Shirahase
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135934134
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (359 download)
Download or read book Social Inequality in Japan written by Sawako Shirahase and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-01-10 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Japan was the first Asian country to become a mature industrial society, and throughout the 1970s and the 1980s, was viewed as an ‘all-middle-class society’. However since the 1990s there have been growing doubts as to the real degree of social equality in Japan, particularly in the context of dramatic demographic shifts as the population ages whilst fertility levels continue to fall. This book compares Japan with America, Britain, Italy, France, Germany, Sweden and Taiwan in order to determine whether inequality really is a social problem in Japan. With a focus on impact demographic shifts, Sawako Shirahase examines female labour market participation, income inequality among households with children, the state of the family, generational change, single person households and income distribution among the aged, and asks whether increasing inequality and is uniquely Japanese, or if it is a social problem common across all of the societies included in this study. Crucially, this book shows that Japan is distinctive not in terms of the degree of inequality in the society, but rather, in how acutely inequality is perceived. Further, the data shows that Japan differs from the other countries examined in terms of the gender gap in both the labour market and the family, and in inequality among single-person households – single men and women, including lifelong bachelors and spinsters – and also among single parent households, who pay a heavy price for having deviated from the expected pattern of life in Japan. Drawing on extensive empirical data, this book will be of great interest to students and scholars interested in Japanese culture and society, Japanese studies and social policy more generally.
Author : Jiyeoun Song
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 0801471001
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (14 download)
Download or read book Inequality in the Workplace written by Jiyeoun Song and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2014-02-06 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past several decades have seen widespread reform of labor markets across advanced industrial countries, but most of the existing research on job security, wage bargaining, and social protection is based on the experience of the United States and Western Europe. In Inequality in the Workplace, Jiyeoun Song focuses on South Korea and Japan, which have advanced labor market reform and confronted the rapid rise of a split in labor markets between protected regular workers and underprotected and underpaid nonregular workers. The two countries have implemented very different strategies in response to the pressure to increase labor market flexibility during economic downturns. Japanese policy makers, Song finds, have relaxed the rules and regulations governing employment and working conditions for part-time, temporary, and fixed-term contract employees while retaining extensive protections for full-time permanent workers. In Korea, by contrast, politicians have weakened employment protections for all categories of workers. In her comprehensive survey of the politics of labor market reform in East Asia, Song argues that institutional features of the labor market shape the national trajectory of reform. More specifically, she shows how the institutional characteristics of the employment protection system and industrial relations, including the size and strength of labor unions, determine the choice between liberalization for the nonregular workforce and liberalization for all as well as the degree of labor market inequality in the process of reform.
Author : Daisuke Nakamura (Ph.D. in Economics)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (14 download)
Download or read book Labor Market and Inequality written by Daisuke Nakamura (Ph.D. in Economics) and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation primarily centers its attention on the issue of income inequalities within the labor market of Japan. The overarching theme of the three chapters revolves around the disparity in income among households. Each chapter initiates its analysis from a macroeconomic structural perspective. The first chapter scrutinizes whether part-time employment functions as a mechanism for adjusting labor supply during business cycles. The second chapter delves into the retirement decisions undertaken by elderly workers, while considering factors such as the social security system, taxation, and the transition from full-time to part-time employment. Lastly, the third chapter presents empirical studies that utilize regression equations derived from the textbook Solow-Swan model, incorporating international data, with the goal of substantiating the relationship between the aggregate saving rate and income inequality.
Author : David Chiavacci
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1317245342
Total Pages : 319 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (172 download)
Download or read book Social Inequality in Post-Growth Japan written by David Chiavacci and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2016-09-13 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent decades Japan has changed from a strongly growing, economically successful nation regarded as prime example of social equality and inclusion, to a nation with a stagnating economy, a shrinking population and a very high proportion of elderly people. Within this, new forms of inequality are emerging and deepening, and a new model of Japan as 'gap society' (kakusa shakai) has become common-sense. These new forms of inequality are complex, are caused in different ways by a variety of factors, and require deep-seated reforms in order to remedy them. This book provides a comprehensive overview of inequality in contemporary Japan. It examines inequality in labour and employment, in welfare and family, in education and social mobility, in the urban-rural divide, and concerning immigration, ethnic minorities and gender. The book also considers the widespread anxiety effect of the fear of inequality; and discusses how far these developments in Japan represent a new form of social problem for the wider world.
Author : International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Japan written by International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2024-05-13 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Japan: Selected Issues
Author : Keiko Takanami
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 79 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (682 download)
Download or read book Rising Income Inequality and Poverty in Japan written by Keiko Takanami and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this paper is to examine income inequality and poverty in Japan, using statistics from the Japanese government and the OECD. This thesis addresses the following questions. What are the current levels and trends in inequality? What are the causes of inequality and poverty? I answer those questions both within nations and across the countries, focusing especially on Japan and OECD countries. The thesis begins with a discussion of Japan's income inequality and poverty. It then analyzes the reasons for Japan's increasing income inequality: population aging and labor market instabilities.
Author : Kumiko Nemoto
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501706217
Total Pages : 293 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)
Download or read book Too Few Women at the Top written by Kumiko Nemoto and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2016-08-03 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The number of women in positions of power and authority in Japanese companies has remained small despite the increase in the number of educated women and the passage of legislation on gender equality. In Too Few Women at the Top, Kumiko Nemoto draws on theoretical insights regarding Japan’s coordinated capitalism and institutional stasis to challenge claims that the surge in women’s education and employment will logically lead to the decline of gender inequality and eventually improve women’s status in the Japanese workplace. Nemoto’s interviews with diverse groups of workers at three Japanese financial companies and two cosmetics companies in Tokyo reveal the persistence of vertical sex segregation as a cost-saving measure by Japanese companies. Women’s advancement is impeded by customs including seniority pay and promotion, track-based hiring of women, long working hours, and the absence of women leaders. Nemoto contends that an improvement in gender equality in the corporate system will require that Japan fundamentally depart from its postwar methods of business management. Only when the static labor market is revitalized through adoption of new systems of cost savings, employee hiring, and rewards will Japanese women advance in their chosen professions. Comparison with the situation in the United States makes the author’s analysis of the Japanese case relevant for understanding the dynamics of the glass ceiling in U.S. workplaces as well.
Author : Marcus Rebick
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 019153000X
Total Pages : 214 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)
Download or read book The Japanese Employment System written by Marcus Rebick and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2005-06-02 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The stagnation of the Japanese economy and the ageing of Japanese society has led to major changes in the labour market in Japan. This comprehensive study looks at how the Japanese employment system is adapting to its new economic environment. Using the latest statistical evidence, the book focusses on the growing use of part-time and other forms of atypical employment relationships and illustrates how this is expressed in several different parts of the labour market. Particular attention is given to the changing situation of women, the decline of the family enterprise, the problems faced by older workers and the poor prospects for recent high school graduates. The recent rise in unemployment, including hidden unemployment is analysed. Relations between management and employees in Japanese corporations are also becoming more individualistic with the introduction of performance-related pay and the declining importance of enterprise unions. As a result of these changes, the future may see rising levels of income inequality. The Japanese labour force is declining with the ageing of the population and Japan's ability to cope is examined with special attention given to immigration policy. This book will be of interest to anyone interested in what is happening today in Japan and what the possibilities are for the future.
Author : Gary Fields
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811378037
Total Pages : 267 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (113 download)
Download or read book Labor Income Share in Asia written by Gary Fields and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-08-09 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first study that puts together a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of the drivers of the labor income share across a number of countries in Asia. This book provides an insightful companion to the study of labor income shares that plays a vital role in understanding the relationship between national income and personal income, and the relationship between wage inequality and wealth inequality. The timing of the book is ideal, as the ongoing debate over a global decline in the labor income share is far from settled. To this extent, evidence from the Asian countries is mixed. The labor income share in some Asian countries has been rising since the 1990s. The purpose of this edited volume is to gain more insights on the potential drivers of the Asian experience. The first half of the book pays attention to the measurement problems related to the earnings of self-employed and workers in the informal sector. Then it puts together country case studies examining a wide range of factors driving the labor income share in Asia.
Author : Ms.Florence Jaumotte
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513526901
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)
Download or read book Inequality and Labor Market Institutions written by Ms.Florence Jaumotte and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-07-01 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The SDN examines the role of labor market institutions in the rise of income inequality in advanced economies, alongside other determinants. The evidence strongly indicates that de-unionization is associated with rising top earners’ income shares and less redistribution, while eroding minimum wages are related to increases in overall income inequality. The results, however, also suggest that a lack of representativeness of unions may be associated with higher inequality. These findings do not necessarily constitute a blanket recommendation for higher unionization and minimum wages, as country-specific circumstances and potential trade-offs with other policy objectives need to be considered. Addressing inequality also requires a multipronged approach, which should include taxation reform and curbing excesses associated with financial deregulation.
Author : Kwang-yŏng Shin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 364 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)
Download or read book Class, Politics of Production, and Earnings Inequality written by Kwang-yŏng Shin and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Ms.Era Dabla-Norris
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513547437
Total Pages : 39 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)
Download or read book Causes and Consequences of Income Inequality written by Ms.Era Dabla-Norris and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-06-15 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyzes the extent of income inequality from a global perspective, its drivers, and what to do about it. The drivers of inequality vary widely amongst countries, with some common drivers being the skill premium associated with technical change and globalization, weakening protection for labor, and lack of financial inclusion in developing countries. We find that increasing the income share of the poor and the middle class actually increases growth while a rising income share of the top 20 percent results in lower growth—that is, when the rich get richer, benefits do not trickle down. This suggests that policies need to be country specific but should focus on raising the income share of the poor, and ensuring there is no hollowing out of the middle class. To tackle inequality, financial inclusion is imperative in emerging and developing countries while in advanced economies, policies should focus on raising human capital and skills and making tax systems more progressive.
Author : Ayako Saiki
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)
Download or read book Japan's Unconventional Monetary Policy and Income Distribution written by Ayako Saiki and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a revaluation of our study which we published in 2014 (Saiki and Frost, 2014) The study found that Japan's unconventional monetary policy (UMP) had widened income inequality in Japan. Since then, the Bank of Japan (BOJ) has further increased the monetary base and inflation has been low (headline inflation is about 1% as of this writing) but positive. We revisit the relationship between Japan's quantitative and qualitative easing (QQE) and find further evidence for our conjecture. The impact of UMP on income distribution may differ in Japan and other countries for various reasons, including differences in household balance sheets and the flexibility of labor markets.
Author : Deborah J. Milly
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 424 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Poverty, Equality, and Growth written by Deborah J. Milly and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the early 1950s, many Japanese lived in poverty. Today only a handful do. This book explains why and how the postwar Japanese state progressed from employing responses to poverty preferred in the prewar era to adopting equality as the basis for a social compromise. The author argues that to account for why political actors succeeded in crafting a program that won acceptance, it is necessary to look beyond their interests and to identify how they relied on knowledge and normative arguments.
