Austere Realism

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Austere Realism

Author : Terence E. Horgan
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262263203
Total Pages : 231 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (622 download)

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Book Synopsis Austere Realism by : Terence E. Horgan

Download or read book Austere Realism written by Terence E. Horgan and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2009-08-21 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A provocative ontological-cum-semantic position asserting that the right ontology is austere in its exclusion of numerous common-sense and scientific posits and that many statements employing such posits are nonetheless true. The authors of Austere Realism describe and defend a provocative ontological-cum-semantic position, asserting that the right ontology is minimal or austere, in that it excludes numerous common-sense posits, and that statements employing such posits are nonetheless true, when truth is understood to be semantic correctness under contextually operative semantic standards. Terence Horgan and Matjaz Potrc argue that austere realism emerges naturally from consideration of the deep problems within the naive common-sense approach to truth and ontology. They offer an account of truth that confronts these deep internal problems and is independently plausible: contextual semantics, which asserts that truth is semantically correct affirmability. Under contextual semantics, much ordinary and scientific thought and discourse is true because its truth is indirect correspondence to the world. After offering further arguments for austere realism and addressing objections to it, Horgan and Potrc consider various alternative austere ontologies. They advance a specific version they call “blobjectivism”—the view that the right ontology includes only one concrete particular, the entire cosmos (“the blobject”), which, although it has enormous local spatiotemporal variability, does not have any proper parts. The arguments in Austere Realism are powerfully made and concisely and lucidly set out. The authors' contentions and their methodological approach—products of a decade-long collaboration—will generate lively debate among scholars in metaphysics, ontology, and philosophy.

Truth and Realism

Author : Patrick Greenough
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780199288885
Total Pages : 268 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (888 download)

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Book Synopsis Truth and Realism by : Patrick Greenough

Download or read book Truth and Realism written by Patrick Greenough and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is truth objective or relative? What exists independently of our minds? This book is about these two questions. The essays in its pages variously defend and critique answers to each, grapple over the proper methodology for addressing them, and wonder whether either question is worth pursuing. In so doing, they carry on a long and esteemed tradition - for our two questions are among the oldest of philosophical issues, and have vexed almost every major philosopher, from Plato, to Kant to Wittgenstein. Fifteen eminent contributors bring fresh perspectives, renewed energy and original answers to debates which have been the focus of a tremendous amount of interest in the last three decades both within philosophy and the culture at large.

Measuring the Intentional World

Author : J. D. Trout
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0195166590
Total Pages : 302 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (951 download)

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Book Synopsis Measuring the Intentional World by : J. D. Trout

Download or read book Measuring the Intentional World written by J. D. Trout and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2003 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trout advances scientific realism as a behavioural science. He introduces measured realism which characterizes a kind of uneven but indisputable theoretical progress in the social and psychological sciences.

What Is Reality?

Author : Ross Inman
Publisher : InterVarsity Press
ISBN 13 : 1514006812
Total Pages : 187 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis What Is Reality? by : Ross Inman

Download or read book What Is Reality? written by Ross Inman and published by InterVarsity Press. This book was released on 2024-10-08 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this introduction to metaphysics, Ross Inman introduces us to the tradition of metaphysics in Western philosophy, what it means to do metaphysics as a Christian, and considers timeless and universal inquiries into central topics of metaphysics: identity, necessity and possibility, properties, universals, substances, and parts and wholes.

Alasdair Gray

Author : Stephen Bernstein
Publisher : Bucknell University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780838754146
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (541 download)

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Book Synopsis Alasdair Gray by : Stephen Bernstein

Download or read book Alasdair Gray written by Stephen Bernstein and published by Bucknell University Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Since the publication of Lanark in 1981 Alasdair Gray has been a figure of importance in contemporary literature. Now, through attention to mixed genre, counter-historical narrative, and the thematics of memory, this first study of Alasdair Gray's novels shows the coherence of the Scottish writer's varied body of work. Stephen Bernstein refuses to view Gray's work through the vague lens of postmodernism, seeing Gray instead as a writer at home in a variety of literary traditions. Beginning by providing an American audience with backgrounds to Gray's work, this study recounts the chronology of his publications and their reception by an international audience, simultaneously placing his writing in the contexts of Scottish culture and literature."--BOOK JACKET.Title Summary field provided by Blackwell North America, Inc. All Rights Reserved

A Buddha Land in This World

Author : Lajos Brons
Publisher : punctum books
ISBN 13 : 1685710344
Total Pages : 491 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (857 download)

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Book Synopsis A Buddha Land in This World by : Lajos Brons

Download or read book A Buddha Land in This World written by Lajos Brons and published by punctum books. This book was released on 2022-04-13 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the early twentieth century, Uchiyama Gudō, Seno'o Girō, Lin Qiuwu, and others advocated a Buddhism that was radical in two respects. Firstly, they adopted a more or less naturalist stance with respect to Buddhist doctrine and related matters, rejecting karma or other supernatural beliefs. And secondly, they held political and economic views that were radically anti-hegemonic, anti-capitalist, and revolutionary. Taking the idea of such a "radical Buddhism" seriously, A Buddha Land in This World: Philosophy, Utopia, and Radical Buddhism asks whether it is possible to develop a philosophy that is simultaneously naturalist, anti-capitalist, Buddhist, and consistent. Rather than a study of radical Buddhism, then, this book is an attempt to radicalize it. The foundations of this "radicalized radical Buddhism" are provided by a realist interpretation of Yogācāra, elucidated and elaborated with some help from thinkers in the broader Tiantai/Tendai tradition and American philosophers Donald Davidson and W.V.O. Quine. A key implication of this foundation is that only this world and only this life are real, from which it follows that if Buddhism aims to alleviate suffering, it has to do so in this world and in this life. Twentieth-century radical Buddhists (as well as some engaged Buddhists) came to a similar conclusion, often expressed in their aim to realize "a Buddha land in this world." Building on this foundation, but also on Mahāyāna moral philosophy, this book argues for an ethics and social philosophy based on a definition of evil as that what is or should be expected to cause death or suffering. On that ground, capitalism should be rejected indeed, but utopianism must be treated with caution as well, which raises questions about what it means - from a radicalized radical Buddhist perspective - to aim for a Buddha land in this world. Lajos Brons is a Dutch philosopher and social scientist living in Japan. After receiving a PhD from the University of Groningen in the Netherlands for a dissertation on an aspect of the history and philosophy of the social sciences, he gradually moved further and further into philosophical territory. Currently, Lajos is teaching logic, ethics, and philosophy at a university in Tokyo. His research interests are divided over two broad areas in philosophy: one is in the overlap of (meta-)ethics and social/political philosophy; the other is in the intersection of philosophy of language, metaphysics, and epistemology. Research in the former focuses on the relations between death, suffering, and compassion. Research in the latter concerns the relations between language, thought, and reality, and is heavily influenced by the philosophies of Donald Davidson and W.V.O. Quine, and by Buddhist philosophy. More information about publications and research interests, as well as Lajos's blog can be found at www.lajosbrons.net

Challenging Moral Particularism

Author : Matjaž Potrc
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135892520
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (358 download)

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Book Synopsis Challenging Moral Particularism by : Matjaž Potrc

Download or read book Challenging Moral Particularism written by Matjaž Potrc and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-11-24 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Containing eleven essays covering a broad range of topics, this book addresses developments in particularist moral theory.

Fictionalism in Philosophy

Author : Bradley Armour-Garb
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0190689609
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis Fictionalism in Philosophy by : Bradley Armour-Garb

Download or read book Fictionalism in Philosophy written by Bradley Armour-Garb and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume collects some of the most up-to-date work on philosophical fictionalism-the idea that a notion of pretense or fiction can help resolve certain puzzles or problems in philosophy. After a detailed discussion in the book's introductory chapter of how philosophers should think of fictionalism and its connection to metaontology more generally, the remaining chapters provide readers with arguments for and against this view from leading scholars in the fields of epistemology, ethics, metaphysics, philosophy of science, philosophy of language, and others.

Does Perception Have Content?

Author : Berit Brogaard
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199395241
Total Pages : 393 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (993 download)

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Book Synopsis Does Perception Have Content? by : Berit Brogaard

Download or read book Does Perception Have Content? written by Berit Brogaard and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2014-09-05 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Within the contemporary philosophical debates over the nature of perception, the question of whether perception has content in the first place recently has become a focus of discussion. The most common view is that it does, but a number of philosophers have questioned this claim. The issue immediately raises a number of related questions. What does it mean to say that perception has content? Does perception have more than one kind of content? Does perceptual content derive from the content of beliefs or judgments? Should perceptual content be understood in terms of accuracy conditions? Is naive realism compatible with holding that perception has content? This volume brings together philosophers representing many different perspectives to address these and other central questions in the philosophy of perception.

Essays on Paradoxes

Author : Terry Horgan
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 019985842X
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (998 download)

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Book Synopsis Essays on Paradoxes by : Terry Horgan

Download or read book Essays on Paradoxes written by Terry Horgan and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together many of Terence Horgan's essays on paradoxes: Newcomb's problem, the Monty Hall problem, the two-envelope paradox, the sorites paradox, and the Sleeping Beauty problem. Newcomb's problem arises because the ordinary concept of practical rationality constitutively includes normative standards that can sometimes come into direct conflict with one another. The Monty Hall problem reveals that sometimes the higher-order fact of one's having reliably received pertinent new first-order information constitutes stronger pertinent new information than does the new first-order information itself. The two-envelope paradox reveals that epistemic-probability contexts are weakly hyper-intensional; that therefore, non-zero epistemic probabilities sometimes accrue to epistemic possibilities that are not metaphysical possibilities; that therefore, the available acts in a given decision problem sometimes can simultaneously possess several different kinds of non-standard expected utility that rank the acts incompatibly. The sorites paradox reveals that a certain kind of logical incoherence is inherent to vagueness, and that therefore, ontological vagueness is impossible. The Sleeping Beauty problem reveals that some questions of probability are properly answered using a generalized variant of standard conditionalization that is applicable to essentially indexical self-locational possibilities, and deploys "preliminary" probabilities of such possibilities that are not prior probabilities. The volume also includes three new essays: one on Newcomb's problem, one on the Sleeping Beauty problem, and an essay on epistemic probability that articulates and motivates a number of novel claims about epistemic probability that Horgan has come to espouse in the course of his writings on paradoxes. A common theme unifying these essays is that philosophically interesting paradoxes typically resist either easy solutions or solutions that are formally/mathematically highly technical. Another unifying theme is that such paradoxes often have deep-sometimes disturbing-philosophical morals.

The Nature of Ordinary Objects

Author : Javier Cumpa
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 110716009X
Total Pages : 307 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis The Nature of Ordinary Objects by : Javier Cumpa

Download or read book The Nature of Ordinary Objects written by Javier Cumpa and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-04-04 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides new insights into contemporary debates surrounding the metaphysics of objects, a subject undergoing an important revival.

New Developments in Urban Governance

Author : Jonathan S. Davies
Publisher : Policy Press
ISBN 13 : 1529205875
Total Pages : 194 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (292 download)

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Book Synopsis New Developments in Urban Governance by : Jonathan S. Davies

Download or read book New Developments in Urban Governance written by Jonathan S. Davies and published by Policy Press. This book was released on 2023-09 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting the findings of a major Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) project into urban austerity governance in eight cities across the world, this book offers comparative reflections on the myriad experiences of collaborative governance and its limitations.

Rethinking Race

Author : Michael O. Hardimon
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674975669
Total Pages : 241 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (749 download)

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Book Synopsis Rethinking Race by : Michael O. Hardimon

Download or read book Rethinking Race written by Michael O. Hardimon and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2017-06-12 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many scholars and activists seek to eliminate “race”—the word and the concept—from our vocabulary. Their claim is clear: because science has shown that racial essentialism is false and because the idea of race has proved virulent, we should do away with the concept entirely. Michael O. Hardimon criticizes this line of thinking, arguing that we must recognize the real ways in which race exists in order to revise our understanding of its significance. Rethinking Race provides a novel answer to the question “What is race?” Pernicious, traditional racialism maintains that people can be judged and ranked according to innate racial features. Hardimon points out that those who would eliminate race make the mistake of associating the word only with this view. He agrees that this concept should be jettisoned, but draws a distinction with three alternative ideas: first, a stripped-down version of the ordinary concept of race that recognizes minimal physical differences between races but does not consider them significant; second, a scientific understanding of populations with shared lines of descent; and third, an acknowledgment of “socialrace” as a separate construction. Hardimon provides a language for understanding the ways in which races do and do not exist. His account is realistic in recognizing the physical features of races, as well as the existence of races in our social world. But it is deflationary in rejecting the concept of hierarchical or defining racial characteristics. Ultimately, Rethinking Race offers a philosophical basis for repudiating racism without blinding ourselves to reality.

The Nature of Truth, second edition

Author : Michael P. Lynch
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262542064
Total Pages : 769 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis The Nature of Truth, second edition by : Michael P. Lynch

Download or read book The Nature of Truth, second edition written by Michael P. Lynch and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2021-03-16 with total page 769 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The definitive and essential collection of classic and new essays on analytic theories of truth, revised and updated, with seventeen new chapters. The question "What is truth?" is so philosophical that it can seem rhetorical. Yet truth matters, especially in a "post-truth" society in which lies are tolerated and facts are ignored. If we want to understand why truth matters, we first need to understand what it is. The Nature of Truth offers the definitive collection of classic and contemporary essays on analytic theories of truth. This second edition has been extensively revised and updated, incorporating both historically central readings on truth's nature as well as up-to-the-moment contemporary essays. Seventeen new chapters reflect the current trajectory of research on truth.

Experience and the World's Own Language

Author : Richard Gaskin
Publisher : Clarendon Press
ISBN 13 : 0191536938
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)

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Book Synopsis Experience and the World's Own Language by : Richard Gaskin

Download or read book Experience and the World's Own Language written by Richard Gaskin and published by Clarendon Press. This book was released on 2006-02-09 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: John McDowell's 'minimal empiricism' is one of the most influential and widely discussed doctrines in contemporary philosophy. Richard Gaskin subjects it to careful examination and criticism. The doctrine is undermined, he argues, by inadequacies in the way McDowell conceives what he styles the 'order of justification' connecting world, experience, and judgement. McDowell’s conception of the roles played by causation and nature in this order is threatened with vacuity; and the requirements of self-consciousness and verbal articulacy which he places on subjects participating in the justificatory relation between experience and judgement are unwarranted, and have the implausible consequence that infants and non-human animals are excluded from the 'order of justification' and so are deprived of experience of the world. Above all, McDowell's position is vitiated by a substantial error he commits in the philosophy of language: following ancient tradition rather than Frege's radical departure from that tradition, he locates concepts at the level of sense rather than at the level of reference in the semantical hierarchy. This error generates an unwanted Kantian transcendental idealism which in effect delivers a reductio ad absurdum of McDowell's metaphysical economy. Gaskin goes on to show how to correct the mistake, and thereby presents his own version of empiricism. First we must follow Frege in his location of concepts at the level of reference, but then we must go beyond Frege and locate not only concepts but also propositions at that level; and this in turn requires us to take seriously an idea which McDowell mentions only to reject, that of objects as speaking to us 'in the world's own language'. If empiricism is to have any chance of success it must be still more minimal in its pretensions than McDowell allows: in particular, it must abandon the individualistic and intellectualistic construction which McDowell places on the 'order of justification'.

Essays on Moral Realism

Author : Geoffrey Sayre-McCord
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780801495410
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (954 download)

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Book Synopsis Essays on Moral Realism by : Geoffrey Sayre-McCord

Download or read book Essays on Moral Realism written by Geoffrey Sayre-McCord and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 1988 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of influential essays illustrates the range, depth, and importance of moral realism, the fundamental issues it raises, and the problems it faces.

The Subject's Matter

Author : Frederique De Vignemont
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262036835
Total Pages : 425 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis The Subject's Matter by : Frederique De Vignemont

Download or read book The Subject's Matter written by Frederique De Vignemont and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2017-12-15 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An interdisciplinary and comprehensive treatment of bodily self-consciousness, considering representation of the body, the sense of bodily ownership, and representation of the self. The body may be the object we know the best. It is the only object from which we constantly receive a flow of information through sight and touch; and it is the only object we can experience from the inside, through our proprioceptive, vestibular, and visceral senses. Yet there have been very few books that have attempted to consolidate our understanding of the body as it figures in our experience and self-awareness. This volume offers an interdisciplinary and comprehensive treatment of bodily self-awareness, the first book to do so since the landmark 1995 collection The Body and the Self, edited by José Bermúdez, Naomi Eilan, and Anthony Marcel (MIT Press). Since 1995, the study of the body in such psychological disciplines as cognitive psychology, cognitive neuroscience, psychiatry, and neuropsychology has advanced dramatically, accompanied by a resurgence of philosophical interest in the significance of the body in our mental life. The sixteen specially commissioned essays in this book reflect the advances in these fields. The book is divided into three parts, each part covering a topic central to an explanation of bodily self-awareness: representation of the body; the sense of bodily ownership; and representation of the self. Contributors Adrian Alsmith, Brianna Beck, José Luis Bermúdez, Anna Berti, Alexandre Billon, Andrew J. Bremner, Lucilla Cardinali, Tony Cheng, Frédérique de Vignemont, Francesca Fardo, Alessandro Farnè, Carlotta Fossataro, Shaun Gallagher, Francesca Garbarini, Patrick Haggard, Jakob Hohwy, Matthew R. Longo, Tamar Makin, Marie Martel, Melvin Mezue, John Michael, Christopher Peacocke, Lorenzo Pia, Louise Richardson, Alice C. Roy, Manos Tsakiris, Hong Yu Wong