Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Assessment Of Population Structure In The Eastern North Pacific Gray Whale Eschrichtius Robustus
Download Assessment Of Population Structure In The Eastern North Pacific Gray Whale Eschrichtius Robustus full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Assessment Of Population Structure In The Eastern North Pacific Gray Whale Eschrichtius Robustus ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis Assessment of Population Structure in the Eastern North Pacific Gray Whale (Eschrichtius Robustus) by : Anna Maria D'Intino
Download or read book Assessment of Population Structure in the Eastern North Pacific Gray Whale (Eschrichtius Robustus) written by Anna Maria D'Intino and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Population Genetics of Gray Whales (Eschrichtius Robustus) in the North Pacific by : Aimée R. Lang
Download or read book The Population Genetics of Gray Whales (Eschrichtius Robustus) in the North Pacific written by Aimée R. Lang and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Within the North Pacific, gray whales (Eschrichtius robustus) are recognized as distinct eastern and western populations. Although both populations were severely reduced by whaling, the eastern population is generally considered to have recovered while the western population has remained highly depleted. This study expanded on previous work supporting differentiation between eastern and western populations using mtDNA and utilized a panel of 13 microsatellite loci to provide additional insight into the population structure of gray whales. Comparison of microsatellite allele frequencies indicated that eastern and western populations are genetically distinct. Although highly statistically significant, the level of nuclear differentiation between the two populations was relatively low, and the results of sex-specific analyses and assignment testing suggested that some degree of male-biased dispersal may occur between populations. Within the set of samples collected from animals on the primary western feeding ground, relatedness analyses revealed that, consistent with field observations, the fidelity of females and their offspring to this area have been important in shaping the structure of the population. Furthermore, analysis of the paternity of animals first identified as calves, with known and sampled mothers, in the western population between 1995 and 2007 identified 18 males as putative fathers, providing evidence that many of the animals identified on the Sakhalin feeding ground interbreed with each other, presumably while sharing a common migratory route. However, the success of the paternity assignment was lower than expected given the high proportion of sampled animals in this population, suggesting that some males which are contributing to reproduction may not use the primary western feeding ground on a regular basis. The combination of these results suggests that the population structure of gray whales in the North Pacific is more complex than previously thought, and that some movements between the eastern and western populations may take place. However, the maintenance of genetic differences between the two populations supports their recognition as separate eastern and western populations. Future efforts should focus on elucidating the nature and extent of any dispersal which is occurring in order to better understand factors potentially influencing the recovery of the small western population.
Book Synopsis Genetic Population Structure of Eastern North Pacific Gray Whales (Eschrichtius Robustus) on Winter Breeding Grounds in Baja California by : David Scott Goerlitz
Download or read book Genetic Population Structure of Eastern North Pacific Gray Whales (Eschrichtius Robustus) on Winter Breeding Grounds in Baja California written by David Scott Goerlitz and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Population Assessment of Western North Pacific Gray Whales (Eschrichtius Robustus) by : Amanda L. Bradford
Download or read book Population Assessment of Western North Pacific Gray Whales (Eschrichtius Robustus) written by Amanda L. Bradford and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Gray Whale: Eschrichtius Robustus by : Mary Lou Jones
Download or read book The Gray Whale: Eschrichtius Robustus written by Mary Lou Jones and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 625 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Gray Whale: Eschrichtius robustus provides an introduction to the understanding of Eschrichtius robustus or the gray whale. This book explores the life processes, reproduction, and growth of large cetacean populations. Organized into four parts encompassing 25 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the gray whale evolution, fossils, and subfossil remains, range, and systematics in historical times. This text then presents the historical of gray whale exploitation and the economic importance of these whales to humans. Other chapters consider the gray whale migration, abundance, and seasonal distribution in the wake of the California population's recovery from depletion. This book discusses as well the methods used in shore-based censuses during migration and in aerial surveys of gray whales taken on their winter grounds. The final chapter deals with some innovative approaches to the study of free-ranging cetaceans. This book is a valuable resource for anthropologists, paleontologists, biologists, and naturalists.
Book Synopsis Characterizing Site Fidelity and Habitat Use of the Eastern North Pacific Gray Whale (Eschrichtius Robustus) in Clayoquot Sound, British Columbia by : Jacqueline Ann Clare
Download or read book Characterizing Site Fidelity and Habitat Use of the Eastern North Pacific Gray Whale (Eschrichtius Robustus) in Clayoquot Sound, British Columbia written by Jacqueline Ann Clare and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A small number of eastern north Pacific gray whales (Eschrichtius robustus), known as the Pacific Coastal Feeding Group (PCFG) forage during the summer months in the coastal waters between California and Alaska. Although several studies have analyzed the population structure of the PCFG, maternal learning and predator/prey dynamics have not been studied in detail. In this study I characterize fine scale habitat use and site fidelity of eastern north Pacific gray whales in one foraging site within the PCFG's foraging range. I approach this study by examining site fidelity to Clayoquot Sound in increasing detail at different time scales. Using the variability recorded in 17 field seasons of whale census surveys (1997-2013) as a proxy for fluctuations in prey, I suggest that the combination of physical properties of the study area and the life history characteristics of the primary prey species type enable Clayoquot Sound to persist as a foraging site through time.
Book Synopsis Population Assessment and Population Dynamics of the California Gray Whale (Eschrichtius Robustus) by : Stephen Blake Reilly
Download or read book Population Assessment and Population Dynamics of the California Gray Whale (Eschrichtius Robustus) written by Stephen Blake Reilly and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Population Status of the Eastern North Pacific Stock of Gray Whales in 2009 by : André E. Punt
Download or read book Population Status of the Eastern North Pacific Stock of Gray Whales in 2009 written by André E. Punt and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An age- and sex-structured population dynamics model is fitted using Bayesian methods to data on the catches and abundance estimates for the eastern North Pacific (ENP) stock of gray whales (Eschrictius robustus). The prior distributions used for these analyses incorporate revised estimates of abundance for ENP gray whales and account explicitly for the drop in abundance caused by the 1999-2000 mortality event. A series of analyses are conducted to evaluate the sensitivity of the results to different assumptions. The baseline analysis estimates the ENP gray whale population to be above the maximum net productivity level (MNPL), because the posterior mean for the ratio of 2009 abundance to MNPL, termed the optimal sustainable population ratio, is 1.29 (with a posterior median of 1.37 and a 90% probability interval of 0.68-1.51), indicating the population is estimated to be well above MNPL. The baseline analysis estimates a probability of 0.884 that the population is above its MNPL, which means there is a 0.884 probability that it is at its optimum sustainable population size as defined by the U.S. Marine Mammal Protection Act. These results are consistent across all the model runs. The baseline model also estimates the 2009 ENP gray whale population size (posterior mean of 21,911) to be at 85% of its carrying capacity (posterior mean of 25,808), and this is also consistent across all the model runs.
Book Synopsis DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT on ISSUING A QUOTA TO THE MAKAH INDIAN TRIBE FOR A SUBSISTENCE HUNT ON GRAY WHALES FOR THE YEARS 2001 AND 2002 by :
Download or read book DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT on ISSUING A QUOTA TO THE MAKAH INDIAN TRIBE FOR A SUBSISTENCE HUNT ON GRAY WHALES FOR THE YEARS 2001 AND 2002 written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Re-analysis of Gray Whale Southbound Migration Surveys 1967-2006 by : Jeffrey Lee Laake
Download or read book Re-analysis of Gray Whale Southbound Migration Surveys 1967-2006 written by Jeffrey Lee Laake and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Between 1967 and 2007, 23 seasons of shore-based counts of the Eastern North Pacific (ENP) stock of gray whales (Eschrichtius robustus) were conducted throughout all or most of the southbound migration near Carmel, California. Population estimates have been derived from these surveys using a variety of techniques that were adapted as the data collection protocol evolved. The subsequent time series of estimates was used to evaluate trend and population status, resulting in the conclusion that the population was no longer endangered and had achieved its optimum sustainable population (OSP) level. We re-evaluated the data from all of the surveys using a common estimation procedure and an improved method for treatment of error in pod size and detection probability estimation. The newly derived abundance estimates between 1967 and 1987 were generally larger (-2.5% to 21%) than previous abundance estimates. However, the opposite was the case for survey years 1992 to 2006, with estimates declining from -4.9% to -29%. This pattern is largely explained by the differences in the correction for pod size bias which occurred because the pod sizes in the calibration data overrepresented pods of two or more whales and underrepresented single whales relative to the estimated true pod size distribution.
Book Synopsis CONSERV MGMT MARINE MAMMALS by : TWISS JOHN R
Download or read book CONSERV MGMT MARINE MAMMALS written by TWISS JOHN R and published by Smithsonian. This book was released on 1999-09-17 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Providing insight into issues that involve a complex mixture of scientific, social, economic, and political considerations, Conservation and Management of Marine Mammals is a valuable reference for students, scientists, conservationists, and policymakers."--BOOK JACKET.
Book Synopsis COSEWIC Assessment and Status Report on the Grey Whale, Eschrichtius Robustus, Northern Pacific Migratory Population, Pacific Coast Feeding Group Population, Western Pacific Population, in Canada by :
Download or read book COSEWIC Assessment and Status Report on the Grey Whale, Eschrichtius Robustus, Northern Pacific Migratory Population, Pacific Coast Feeding Group Population, Western Pacific Population, in Canada written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Migrating Eastern North Pacific Gray Whale Behavior Compared Over Multiple Timescales by : Regina Anne Guazzo
Download or read book Migrating Eastern North Pacific Gray Whale Behavior Compared Over Multiple Timescales written by Regina Anne Guazzo and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mysticetes (baleen whales) often make long, annual migrations from high latitude summer feeding areas to low latitude wintering areas. Eastern North Pacific gray whales (Eschrichtius robustus) migrate within a few kilometers from shore for most of their route from summer feeding areas in the Bering, Chukchi, and Beaufort Seas to wintering areas in the lagoons along the south-western coast of the Baja California Peninsula in Mexico. This dissertation combines passive acoustic recordings, infrared camera video, and visual sightings to investigate gray whale behavior and how it changes across different timescales. I use a four-element hydrophone array in central California to present the first published full-season acoustic monitoring and tracking of migrating gray whales. I describe the characteristics of calls produced by migrating gray whales and analyze how these characteristics change due to propagation. I show that gray whale behavior changes on diel and seasonal timescales. Notably, gray whales increase their vocalizations at night but their mean swimming behavior does not change, contrary to previous assumptions used in population size estimates. Over seasonal timescales, vocalizing gray whale swimming behavior aligns with previous observations. I explore how passive acoustic and infrared camera monitoring can help quantify whales by calculating cue rates or call and blow rates for migrating gray whales. Acoustic calling rates indicate that the gray whale population size is greater than estimated using visual sightings alone and that calling rate increases over the southbound migration. Infrared camera blow rates are less affected by whale behavior and are useful for daytime and nighttime monitoring, but are limited by visibility and distance. To understand gray whale behavior over seven migration seasons, I use visual daily counts at two sites and single-hydrophone call detections which indicate that migratory behavior seems to be driven more by intrinsic than the tested environmental factors. I find that the proportion of the population using a coastal route through the Southern California Bight, especially past Los Angeles, increased over these years. Understanding the behavior of migrating gray whales will help improve abundance estimates and determine how these whales may be impacted by nearshore anthropogenic activities and climate change.
Book Synopsis Status Review of the Eastern North Pacific Stock of Gray Whales by :
Download or read book Status Review of the Eastern North Pacific Stock of Gray Whales written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Grey Whale (Eastern North Pacific Population) by : Canada. Department of Fisheries and Oceans
Download or read book The Grey Whale (Eastern North Pacific Population) written by Canada. Department of Fisheries and Oceans and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Gray Whale Monitoring Study written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Population Trends of the Eastern North Pacific Blue Whale by : Cole Monnahan
Download or read book Population Trends of the Eastern North Pacific Blue Whale written by Cole Monnahan and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus) were exploited extensively around the world and remain endangered. In the North Pacific their population structure is unclear and current status unknown, with the exception of a well-studied eastern North Pacific (ENP) population. Despite decades without whaling, recent abundance estimates for ENP blue whales indicate a slowed recovery, leading to speculation that their recovery may be hindered by fatal collisions with large vessels. I test this hypothesis by first estimating historical catches and then assessing the population trends with Bayesian population dynamics models under basic assumptions about historical and future ship strikes. I collated previously unreported Soviet catches and combined these with known catches to form the most current estimates of North Pacific blue whale catches. I used the knowledge that ENP whales produce a different song call than blue whales in the western North Pacific to split the conflated catches. The catches were split by estimating spatiotemporal occurrence of blue whales with generalized additive models fitted to acoustic call patterns, which predict the probability a catch belonged to the ENP population based on the proportion of calls of each population recorded by latitude, longitude, and month. When applied to the conflated historical catches, I estimate that ENP blue whale catches totaled 2,969 (95% credible interval 2,301 to 3,516) from 1905-1971, and amounted to 35% (95% credible interval 27% to 41%) of all catches in the North Pacific. The uncertainty in the acoustic data influence the results substantially more than uncertainty in catch locations and dates. These estimated catch series were then combined with abundance estimates and used to assess the recovery of ENP blue whales. I found the population has recovered to a median of 97% of pre-exploitation levels (credible interval 62% to 99%) and thus density dependence is primarily responsible for their slowed recovery. Further, current levels of ship strikes are not an immediate risk and thus ship strike mitigation would impact the population minimally. Indeed, vessel traffic would need to increase 3-5 times the current levels before the population is at risk. The recovery of ENP blue whale is a conservation success story and demonstrates that endangered cetacean populations can recover under careful management.
