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Assessing The Hydraulic Transient Performance Of Water And Wastewater Systems Using Field And Numerical Modeling Data
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Book Synopsis Assessing the Hydraulic Transient Performance of Water and Wastewater Systems Using Field and Numerical Modeling Data by : Djordje Radulj
Download or read book Assessing the Hydraulic Transient Performance of Water and Wastewater Systems Using Field and Numerical Modeling Data written by Djordje Radulj and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A large proportion of water and wastewater systems have traditionally been analyzed and designed without the consideration of the nature, risk, and potential consequence of hydraulic transients. Recent advancements in numerical hydraulic modeling have spawned a specialty hydraulic field based on numerical transient analysis. The current practice within this field often lacks physical understanding and can be misguided by both the current knowledge, technology based limitations, and by the sole reliance on numerical models. This thesis aims to provide insights into some of the shortcomings of current practice and to develop the importance and application of field data based confirmations. The thesis examines the advances in the current field oriented technology for recording transient pressures, and provides examples and insights on how this data can be used both in conjunction with numerical modeling and on its own as a first step to a proposed frequency based transient risk assessment methodology. The thesis establishes definitions and a preliminary methodology for a Transient Risk Index.
Book Synopsis Hydraulic Transients and Computations by : Zh. Zhang
Download or read book Hydraulic Transients and Computations written by Zh. Zhang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-02-06 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the fundamental phenomena of, and computational methods for, hydraulic transients, such as the self-stabilization effect, restriction of the Joukowsky equation, real relations between the rigid and elastic water column theories, the role of wave propagation speed, mechanism of the attenuation of pressure fluctuations, etc. A new wave tracking method is described in great detail and, supported by the established conservation and traveling laws of shockwaves, offers a number of advantages. The book puts forward a novel method that allows transient flows to be directly computed at each time node during a transient process, and explains the differences and relations between the rigid and elastic water column theories. To facilitate their use in hydropower applications, the characteristics of pumps and turbines are provided in suitable forms and examples. The book offers a valuable reference guide for engineers and scientists, helping them make transient computations for their own programming, while also contributing to the final standardization of methods for transient computations.
Book Synopsis Applied Hydraulic Transients by : Mihail Popescu
Download or read book Applied Hydraulic Transients written by Mihail Popescu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book treats the problem of transient hydraulic computation, for hydroelectric plants and pumping stations, with an emphasis on numerical methods. The topics covered include: the waterhammer in hydraulic systems under pressure; experimental results concerning the waterhammer; protection of pumping stations with reference to the waterhammer; hydraulic resonance in hydroelectric power plant and pumping stations; mass oscillation in hydraulic surge systems; hydraulic stability of systems endowed with surge tanks; experimental results in the study of mass oscillations; hydroelectric power plants and pumping stations designed in complex hydraulic schemes; and computation of unsteady motions in the intermediate domain between rapid and slow motions. This book is not a standard monograph based on previously published material, but is primarily grounded on the theoretical and applied results obtained by authors during more than 20 years of practice. It considers the problems of hydraulic computation as encountered in the design of a significant number of hydroelectric power plants and pumping stations in Romania.
Book Synopsis Shallow Water Hydraulics by : Oscar Castro-Orgaz
Download or read book Shallow Water Hydraulics written by Oscar Castro-Orgaz and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-08 with total page 563 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the theory and computation of open channel flows, using detailed analytical, numerical and experimental results. The fundamental equations of open channel flows are derived by means of a rigorous vertical integration of the RANS equations for turbulent flow. In turn, the hydrostatic pressure hypothesis, which forms the core of many shallow water hydraulic models, is scrutinized by analyzing its underlying assumptions. The book’s main focus is on one-dimensional models, including detailed treatments of unsteady and steady flows. The use of modern shock capturing finite difference and finite volume methods is described in detail, and the quality of solutions is carefully assessed on the basis of analytical and experimental results. The book’s unique features include: • Rigorous derivation of the hydrostatic-based shallow water hydraulic models • Detailed treatment of steady open channel flows, including the computation of transcritical flow profiles • General analysis of gate maneuvers as the solution of a Riemann problem • Presents modern shock capturing finite volume methods for the computation of unsteady free surface flows • Introduces readers to movable bed and sediment transport in shallow water models • Includes numerical solutions of shallow water hydraulic models for non-hydrostatic steady and unsteady free surface flows This book is suitable for both undergraduate and graduate level students, given that the theory and numerical methods are progressively introduced starting with the basics. As supporting material, a collection of source codes written in Visual Basic and inserted as macros in Microsoft Excel® is available. The theory is implemented step-by-step in the codes, and the resulting programs are used throughout the book to produce the respective solutions.
Book Synopsis Hydraulic design and management of wastewater transport systems by : Michiel Tukker
Download or read book Hydraulic design and management of wastewater transport systems written by Michiel Tukker and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2016-04-15 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydraulic Design and Management of Wastewater Transport Systems is a manual resulting from the research project CAPWAT (CAPacity loss in wasteWATer pressure pipelines), which researched the mechanisms for the creation, stagnation and discharge of gas bubbles in wastewater pressure pipelines. During this six-year research programme, it was recognised that there is no hydraulic manual/guideline that focuses on the entire wastewater pressure pipeline system, the processes it includes, and the interaction between the pressure pipeline and the pumping station. This manual provides a compilation of all the hydraulic knowledge that is necessary for designing a wastewater transport system and to manage it operationally. The wastewater transport system is the link between the collection and treatment of the wastewater and the collection system includes, among others, the gravity flow sewage system from the house (or consumer) and service connection through street and main sewers up to the suction basins. The transport system, for which this manual was written, includes the suction basin, the sewage pumping station and the pressure pipelines. Wastewater transport systems are becoming more complex due to building larger sewage water treatment plants, wastewater being transported over greater distances and increasingly more (and smaller) pipelines connecting to the main sewers. The operation of the pumping stations is largely determined by how the entire system behaves. Insight into this operation is, therefore, crucial for proper design and management. The central point of the design is to create an independent and safe system with the necessary transport capacity at minimum societal costs. Predominantly, the management aspect focuses on guidelines to maintain the design principles regarding capacity and required energy.
Book Synopsis Guidelines to Hydraulic Transient Analysis by : Stanislav Pejović
Download or read book Guidelines to Hydraulic Transient Analysis written by Stanislav Pejović and published by Gower Publishing Company, Limited. This book was released on 1987 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis SURGE ANALYSIS AND THE WAVE PLAN METHOD by : Srinivasa Lingireddy
Download or read book SURGE ANALYSIS AND THE WAVE PLAN METHOD written by Srinivasa Lingireddy and published by KYPipe LLC. This book was released on 2021-06-14 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book describes the causes and effects of transient (water hammer) events in liquid-filled pipes, and describes how the powerful and stable Wave Plan Method (WPM) can be used to address transients during surge modeling. The authors compare and contrast WPM with the Method of Characteristics (MOC), which is the other widely-used surge analysis tool. While MOC can be useful for many situations, the larger and more complex a model becomes, the more the computational efficiency of WPM is necessary to avoid longer and longer analysis times. The authors also describe how WPM is more generalizable than MOC, which is a term that describes a suite of tools consisting of several variants that were developed to address different modeling situations. This book provides details on surge modeling in general and the use of WPM in particular. This includes pressure attenuation, determination of wave speeds in different pipe types and various liquid media, pump and turbine characteristics curves, and the effects of boundary conditions. The discussion of boundary conditions includes an extensive look at the effects of the air-water interface as it applies to bulk air intrusion into pipelines, and as it relates to the use of air/vacuum valves as surge protection. The authors discuss surge protection design for different real-world scenarios, and how to model of a full list of surge control devices, including a detailed discussion of check valves. Last, the book describes the assumptions and uncertainties encountered during data collection and model building, and examines the potential effect of these uncertainties. Where uncertainties cannot be mitigated, the authors discuss ways to increase the safety factor of surge protection designs.
Author :Symposium on Transient Ground Water Hydraulics, Colorado State University, 1963 Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :223 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (34 download)
Book Synopsis Transient Ground Water Hydraulics by : Symposium on Transient Ground Water Hydraulics, Colorado State University, 1963
Download or read book Transient Ground Water Hydraulics written by Symposium on Transient Ground Water Hydraulics, Colorado State University, 1963 and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Transient Ground Water Hydraulics by : Robert Ellsworth Glover
Download or read book Transient Ground Water Hydraulics written by Robert Ellsworth Glover and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Shallow Water Equations in Hydraulics by :
Download or read book Shallow Water Equations in Hydraulics written by and published by . This book was released on 2022-02-24 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Developing a Modeling Framework for Nonstationary Urban Hydraulic Analyses by : Ge Pu
Download or read book Developing a Modeling Framework for Nonstationary Urban Hydraulic Analyses written by Ge Pu and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multiple recent national and international climate assessment reports suggest that the frequency, duration and intensity of future extreme precipitation in the North East US will increase. Urban cities in this region like Philadelphia are extremely vulnerable to these impacts due to their combined sewer overflows (CSO). These are mainly due to the fact that the sewer systems receive higher than normal flows during heavy precipitation. Hence, they seek to incorporate the best available information about current and future climate and understand the extent of their impacts on their stormwater network. This project intends to develop a general modeling framework for integrating multiple sources of information such as rain gauge data and climate scenarios for extreme rainfall events with prescribed duration using a Hierarchical Bayesian modeling technique. It aims to develop a stochastic temporal rainfall field simulator for the analysis of the extreme rainfall precipitation events. The approach here is to minimize uncertainties in stationary hydraulic assessment models with non-stationary ones. Five extreme rainfall models were developed for improvements with both stationary and non-stationary modeling frameworks. Recommendations and evaluations of these model outcomes are evaluated and discussed to provide a critical path towards informing climate adaptation decision on the ground.
Book Synopsis Predictive Modelling of Hydraulic Flows to a WWTP Based on Catchment Rainfall Data by : Eoin Daly
Download or read book Predictive Modelling of Hydraulic Flows to a WWTP Based on Catchment Rainfall Data written by Eoin Daly and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the greatest influences on the volume and quality of influent flows to wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is rainfall in the drainage area. These wet weather flows (WWFs) can lead to significant environmental impacts due to sewer overflows and affect the efficiency and resource cost of treatment in WWTPs. Previous studies have considered the impacts of WWFs on the WWTP and treatment efficiency, however few have considered the impacts of WWFs on the sewer network that serve these treatment plants. This thesis investigates the influence of drainage area rainfall on the hydraulic flows through an urban drainage system in Northern Ireland using available data. The contribution of the electricity used at pumping stations in two drainage areas is calculated, assessed and compared to the electricity consumed for treatment alone. A method of predicting the increased volumetric flows due to rainfall in the drainage area using the non-linear reservoir model is also presented. Using the developed model, it is possible to predict potential flows through the network, although the quality of the results will depend on the quality of the data available. Using single point measurements of rainfall in the catchment and only data already measured by the water utility, an interquartile range of percentage errors between -10% and 14% of inlet flows was achieved for a one-day time horizon. This range increases to 2% to 48% of annual inlet flows over a four-day horizon. While these error ranges are far from desirable, with better measurement regimes and data availability the method can be refined further, and increased accuracy provided.
Book Synopsis Estimating Two-phase Hydraulic Properties by Inverse Modeling by :
Download or read book Estimating Two-phase Hydraulic Properties by Inverse Modeling written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Disposal of high-level nuclear waste in geologic formations requires characterizing the hydrogeologic conditions at the potential site. This involves extensive data interpretation from laboratory and field experiments which are being performed on different scales. Two-phase flow processes are relevant if the potential site is located in the unsaturated zone, but they are also studied for repositories beneath the water table if the waste packages generate significant amounts of free gas. Numerical models are used for predicting the system behavior under different hydrologic and thermal loads. Parameters appearing in the governing equations are usually difficult to measure and subject to systematic errors. The strategy chosen to obtain model-related formation parameters is to calibrate the numerical model using observations of the system response. The practical relevance of parameter estimation for site characterization and design of field and laboratory experiments motivated the development. The purpose of this paper is to present the concept of parameter estimation, and to demonstrate the use of the proposed method for the interpretation of hydraulic tests conducted under two-phase flow conditions.
Book Synopsis Mathematical Development for Flowback Rate Transient Analysis by : Yun Yang
Download or read book Mathematical Development for Flowback Rate Transient Analysis written by Yun Yang and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unconventional gas reservoirs, such as tight gas and shale gas, appear to have great potential to supply future demand for hydrocarbon. Economics of these reservoirs are tied closely to the performance of multi-fractured horizontal wells (MFHWs), which is the most direct indicator of stimulation effectiveness. Thus, greater understanding and analysis of the factors affecting performance of MFHWs are critical for the efficient exploitation of such reservoirs. Hydrocarbon production data analysis (PDA) techniques have been commonly used to characterize hydraulic fracture (HF) and, ultimately, to evaluate hydraulic-fracturing jobs. Recent studies have shown that rate transient analysis of flowback data can also provide early insight into HF attributes. While PDA methods seek long-time production data, flowback analysis can be conducted using early water and gas production data obtained immediately after the completion of stimulation jobs. However, in comparison with the long-term hydrocarbon production period, the physics of the process is more difficult to capture during flowback production because of its short duration, at which one or more flow regimes may occur. In addition, the flowback flow system could be single- or two-phase, depending on reservoir type. According to reported field data, single-phase flowback can be observed in tight sands, but two-phase flow is expected in the case of shale gas. Although various mathematical models have been proposed to analyze single-phase (water) and two-phase (gas and water) flowback data, analytical models for interpretation of data are still at an early stage of development. The objectives of this study are first to reproduce the relevant analytical models available in literature and understand their advantages and limitations; then, to develop single-phase and two-phase analytical models capable of predicting HF attributes such as fracture half-length and fracture permeability using early water and gas production data. In this study, a set of numerical simulations was conducted using CMG (IMEX) to examine the capacity of available mathematical models. It was found that most of the single-phase flowback models in the literature are accurate only under pseudo steady-state conditions, where a boundary-dominated flow regime with a constant production rate has been established. Another limitation of current models is that they can only estimate one fracture attributes: kf or xf. Knowing the shortcomings of current models, I developed a set of analytical models for both single- and two-phase systems, which were validated against numerical simulations. The single-phase model can closely estimate HF attributes, such as permeability and half-length under constant pressure as well as constant flowrate condition, for both transient and boundary dominated flow periods. Furthermore, I extended the developed single-phase model to variable bottomhole conditions by employing superposition principle. In the case of two-phase flow system, I developed an analytical model under fracture depletion mechanism for both early gas production (EGP) and late gas production (LGP) periods. In the case of EGP, gas flux from matrix to HF is assumed to be negligible. Comparisons of numerical results with those obtained from the analytical model show that the developed two-phase model for EGP can accurately predict fracture attributes. In the case of LGP, a coupled model is developed to include the effect of gas influx from matrix to HF on flowback data, where a uniform pressure decline rate is assumed in fracture-matrix system. The two-phase model has the advantage of linear behavior of water properties and avoids the computational complexity. With typical Barnett shale properties input in the numerical simulation, the analytical model can accurately estimate fracture attributes within a 10% error margin. Sensitivity analyses of fracture conductivity and initial water saturation in fracture have been conducted to illustrate the validity of two-phase flowback model applied in LGP. The results reveal that, within the physical range of fracture conductivity and initial water saturation, the two-phase flowback model can accurately evaluate fracture attributes. However, the model is more accurate for cases with smaller fracture conductivity and higher initial water saturation in fracture.
Book Synopsis EVALUATION OF TEMPORAL VARIATIONS IN HYDRAULIC CAPTURE DUE TO CHANGING FLOW PATTERNS USING MAPPING AND MODELING TECHNIQUES. by :
Download or read book EVALUATION OF TEMPORAL VARIATIONS IN HYDRAULIC CAPTURE DUE TO CHANGING FLOW PATTERNS USING MAPPING AND MODELING TECHNIQUES. written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Robust performance evaluation represents one of the most challenging aspects of groundwater pump-and-treat (P & T) remedy implementation. In most cases, the primary goal of the P & T system is hydraulic containment, and ultimately recovery, of contaminants to protect downgradient receptors. Estimating the extent of hydraulic containment is particularly challenging under changing flow patterns due to variable pumping, boundaries and/or other conditions. We present a systematic approach to estimate hydraulic containment using multiple lines of evidence based on (a) water-level mapping and (b) groundwater modeling. Capture Frequency Maps (CFMs) are developed by particle tracking on water-level maps developed for each available water level data set using universal kriging. In a similar manner, Capture Efficiency Maps (CEMs) are developed by particle tracking on water-levels calculated using a transient groundwater flow model: tracking is undertaken independently for each stress period using a very low effective porosity, depicting the 'instantaneous' fate of each particle each stress period. Although conceptually similar, the two methods differ in their underlying assumptions and their limitations: their use together identifies areas where containment may be reliable (i.e., where the methods are in agreement) and where containment is uncertain (typically, where the methods disagree). A field-scale example is presented to illustrate these concepts.
Download or read book NBS Special Publication written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Development and Application of Capacitance-resistive Models to Water/CO2 Floods by : Morteza Sayarpour
Download or read book Development and Application of Capacitance-resistive Models to Water/CO2 Floods written by Morteza Sayarpour and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quick evaluation of reservoir performance is a main concern in decision making. Time-consuming input data preparation and computing, along with data uncertainty tend to inhibit the use of numerical reservoir simulators. New analytical solutions are developed for capacitance-resistive models (CRMs) as fast predictive techniques, and their application in history-matching, optimization, and evaluating reservoir uncertainty for water/CO2 floods are demonstrated. Because the CRM circumvents reservoir geologic modeling and saturation-matching issues, and only uses injection/production rate and bottomhole pressure data, it lends itself to rapid and frequent reservoir performance evaluation. This study presents analytical solutions for the continuity equation using superposition in time and space for three different reservoir-control volumes: 1) entire field volume, 2) volume drained by each producer, and 3) drainage volume between an injector/producer pair. These analytical solutions allow rapid estimation of the CRM unknown parameters: the interwell connectivity and production response time constant. The calibrated model is then combined with oil fractional-flow models for water/CO2 floods to match the oil production history. Thereafter, the CRM is used for prediction, optimization, flood performance evaluation, and reservoir uncertainty quantification. Reservoir uncertainty quantification is directly obtained from several equiprobable history-matched solutions (EPHMS) of the CRM. We validated CRM's capabilities with numerical flow-simulation results and tested its applicability in several field case studies involving water/CO2 floods. Development and application of fast, simple and yet powerful analytic tools, like CRMs that only rely on injection and production data, enable rapid reservoir performance evaluation with an acceptable accuracy. Field engineers can quickly obtain significant insights about flood efficiency by estimating interwell connectivities and use the CRM to manage and optimize real time reservoir performance. Frequent usage of the CRM enables evaluation of numerous sets of the EPHMS and consequently quantification of reservoir uncertainty. The EPHMS sets provide good sampling domains and reasonable guidelines for selecting appropriate input data for full-field numerical modeling by evaluating the range and proper combination of uncertain reservoir parameters. Significant engineering and computing time can be saved by limiting numerical simulation input data to the EPHMS sets obtained from the CRMs.
