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Assessing The Environmental And Biological Implications Of Various Elements Through Elemntal Speciation Using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry
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Book Synopsis Assessing the Environmental and Biological Implications of Various Elements Through Elemntal Speciation Using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry by :
Download or read book Assessing the Environmental and Biological Implications of Various Elements Through Elemntal Speciation Using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Elements rarely exist as free elements or ions instead they occur as a part of a compound or a species. Toxicological and beneficial effects in the medical and biological field can2t be attributed solely to an element, but to elemental compounds with different biological, physical and chemical properties. Therefore, it is pertinent not to rely on information, which is based solely on total elemental concentration and can be misleading. While there are many separation mechanisms used with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for speciation, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was the mode of separation utilized in this work. The coupling of HPLC and ICP-MS is a straightforward technique that allows for the speciation of elements in complex matrices, which may not otherwise be possible. The hybrid of the two techniques provide a robust, sensitive, and selective approach. The bottleneck of speciation analysis often lies at the sample preparation step, the goal being the preservation of species integrity. Improper or incomplete sample preparation can yield misleading results, because of the low tolerance of the ICP-MS for dissolved solids. For this study microwave assisted extraction was one of the techniques used to address this problem. The analyte of choice can be successfully extracted from its matrix with the proper optimization of the microwave parameters, and careful solvent selection. The use of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to study the biological implications of various elements was studied. It was evaluated as a tool for elemental speciation as well as a prescreening tool for the study of larger biomolecules. This was achieved by coupling high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and using either the reversed 6 phase (RP), ion-exchange (IE), or size-exclusion mode (SEC) of separation. More specifically these techniques were used to investigate: the presence of selenium in plants, the distribution of several elements in dietary supplements, the residual occurrence of arsenic compounds in poultry samples, and the incorporation of selenium in selenium-enriched soybeans.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Elemental Speciation II by :
Download or read book Handbook of Elemental Speciation II written by and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005-09-01 with total page 788 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by an internationally recognized group of editors and contributors, Handbook of Elemental Speciation, Volume 2 provides a comprehensive, cross-disciplinary presentation of the analytical techniques involved in speciation. Comprehensive coverage of key elements and compounds in situ Addresses the analysis and impact of these elements and compounds, e.g. arsenic, lead, copper, iron, halogens, etc., in food, the environment, clinical and occupational health Detailed methodology and data are reported, as well as regulatory limits Includes general introduction on the impact in these key areas
Book Synopsis Elemental Speciation by : Joseph A. Caruso
Download or read book Elemental Speciation written by Joseph A. Caruso and published by Elsevier Science Limited. This book was released on 2000 with total page 581 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hardbound. This book provides a comprehensive discussion of the major aspects involved in elemental speciation. Sample preparation, separation techniques, instrumentation and quality assurance are all discussed. In addition, individual chapters are devoted to speciation of environmental samples and speciation of biological, clinical, and nutritional samples. Individual chapters are written by leaders in the field, and the book has been organized so that the reader may learn how to collect a sample and prepare it. Ways to separate and detect analytes of interest, and steps to take to ensure the validity of the measurements are also discussed. This book is unique in its comprehensive treatment of this subject.
Book Synopsis Determination of Trace Elements by : Zeev B. Alfassi
Download or read book Determination of Trace Elements written by Zeev B. Alfassi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-07-11 with total page 622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The best way to determine trace elements! This easy-to-use handbook guides the reader through the maze of all modern analytical operations. Each method is described by an expert in the field. The book highlights the advantages and disadvantages of individual techniques and enables pharmacologists, environmentalists, material scientists, and food industry to select a judicious procedure for their trace element analysis.
Book Synopsis Application of IC-MS and IC-ICP-MS in Environmental Research by : Rajmund Michalski
Download or read book Application of IC-MS and IC-ICP-MS in Environmental Research written by Rajmund Michalski and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-05-20 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduces the reader to the field of ion chromatography, species analysis and hyphenated methods IC-MS and IC-ICP-MS including the theory and theirs applications Covers the importance of species analysis and hyphenated methods in ion chromatography Includes practical applications of IC-MS and IC-ICP-MS in environmental analysis Details sample preparation methods for ion chromatography Discusses hyphenated methods IC-MS and IC-ICP-MS used in determining both the total element contents and its elements Details speciation analysis used in studying biochemical cycles of selected chemical compounds; determining toxicity and ecotoxicity of elements; food and pharmaceuticals quality control; and in technological process control and clinical analytics
Book Synopsis Trace Elemental Speciation Using Chromatography/capillary Electrophoresis Coupled to Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectometry for Food, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Analysis by :
Download or read book Trace Elemental Speciation Using Chromatography/capillary Electrophoresis Coupled to Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectometry for Food, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Analysis written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trace element speciation has become an important issue in different fields of science. Research interests have moved from total element composition of the sample toward characterization of species that are responsible for biochemical and geochemical behavior of the elements. Information on elemental speciation in environmental and clinical material is vital in studies on possible mechanisms of element transport and/or degradation in the environment, element bioavailability and on possible metabolic pathways within living organisms. The current analytical approach for speciation analysis involves using hyphenation techniques, based on the combination of separation and detection steps into one while operating an on-line system. Both high performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis were the primary separation techniques utilized in this work. The inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer was the technique of choice for element specific detection and as part of hyphenated systems for speciation analysis. The use of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry allows extremely low detection limits for the majority of the elements, has the advantage of linearity over a wide dynamic range, multi-elemental detection capability and the ability to perform isotopic analysis. The two most important features of an analytical tool suitable for speciation analysis are good selectivity and high sensitivity. However, the design of the analytical procedure is difficult, owing to the complex composition of the real-world sample, the diversity of physicochemical forms of the element, their lability and low concentrations. Sample preparation methods such as solid phase microextraction (SPME), solid phase extraction (SPE) and liquid-liquid extraction have been commonly used to overcome some of these difficulties. Thus improved sample collection, extraction, and purification techniques can help to overcome the problems associated with complex sample matrices. The above techniques were used separately or in combination for elemental speciation in food, pharmaceutical and environmental samples. These included the distribution of selenium and arsenic in various nuts, elemental association to different molecular weight fractions in Brazil Nuts, degradation products of levothyroxine in pharmaceutical tablets and iodophenols in river water samples.
Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts International by :
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 780 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Handbook of Elemental Speciation by :
Download or read book Handbook of Elemental Speciation written by and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-01-09 with total page 670 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This international collection of chapters comprehensively covers different aspects of procedures for speciation analysis at all levels starting from sample collection and storage, through sample preparation approaches to render the species chromatographable, principles of separation techniques used in speciation analysis, to the element specific detection. International renowned editors and contributors Includes coverage of electrochemical methods, biosensors for metal ions, radioisotope techniques and direct solid speciation techniques Provides information on quality assurance and risk assessment, and speciation-relevant legislation Each chapter is a stand-alone reference covering a given facet of elemental speciation analysis written by an expert in a given field with the volume as a whole providing an excellent introductory text and reference handbook.
Book Synopsis Element Analysis of Biological Samples by : G. Venkatesh Iyengar
Download or read book Element Analysis of Biological Samples written by G. Venkatesh Iyengar and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-11-25 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the development of innovative new analytical techniques for biological trace element research, today's trace element investigators face formidable obstacles to obtaining reliable data. This complete reference identifies and assesses the challenges the analyst encounters at each stage of an analysis, and discusses the effects of various techniques on the sample. Three internationally recognized scientists and authors consider the effects of the numerous collection, storage, and sample preparatory techniques used in sample analysis. Proper analytical quality control, including such critical factors as sampling and sample preparation, specimen preservation and storage, and ashing, is examined. The book also looks at sample preparation methods unique to various instruments and speciation chemistry issues, and examines the link between chemical analysis and specimen banking. A previously unrecognized source of error, presampling factors, is also discussed.
Book Synopsis Assessment of Metal Concentrations and Species in Biologically Relevant Samples with Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometric Techniques by : Katie DeNicola Cafferky
Download or read book Assessment of Metal Concentrations and Species in Biologically Relevant Samples with Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometric Techniques written by Katie DeNicola Cafferky and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lastly, arsenic contamination plagues many areas of Bangladesh. Evaluating the levels of this toxicant in cooked rice and vegetable samples from the region is important to fully measure the level of exposure. Determining the specific arsenic species in these samples is necessary to assess the true risk of such exposure.
Book Synopsis Trace Element Speciation for Environment, Food and Health by : L Ebdon
Download or read book Trace Element Speciation for Environment, Food and Health written by L Ebdon and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2007-10-31 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ongoing progress of science has shown that it is important for analytical scientists to determine not only the presence of particular elements, but also their species. There are many fields where this is applicable, and where there are a number of topics to be addressed. Developing separation and measurement systems for the many element species has tested the resourcefulness of analytical chemists over recent decades. A product of the EU sponsored Speciation 21 Network, this book presents a detailed review of the state-of-the-art of speciation issues in the occupational health, food and environment sectors, along with the main conclusions arising from discussions held during expert meetings. Topics covered include mercury and organotin compounds in the environment; factors affecting the health of workers; the importance of speciation of trace elements for health, and subsequent metabolism in the body; analytical methodologies; risk assessment; and legislation. Trace Element Speciation for Environment, Food and Health provides an insight into applied research in the speciation field and how it has become so important in all the fields represented. With its comprehensive coverage, it will be of particular interest to researchers in industry and academia, as well as government agencies and legislative bodies.
Book Synopsis Trace Elements by : Hosam El-Din M. Saleh
Download or read book Trace Elements written by Hosam El-Din M. Saleh and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-09-05 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last few years, we have witnessed increasing efforts dedicated to the scientific investigation and characteristics of trace elements. Especially in the field of human and animal nutrition, trace elements display a considerably attractive issue for research because they play an essential role in the nutrition of both animals and humans. Aquatic environments contaminated with trace elements are an emerging research area due to the toxicity, abundance, and environmental persistence of trace elements. Accumulation of heavy metals as a class of trace elements in various environments, and the subsequent transition of these elements into the food and feed chain, severely affects human health. The determination of type and concentration of trace elements is regarded as the first and most important step to follow the mechanisms controlling the dispersal and accumulation of trace elements. Element speciation in different media (water, soil, food, plants, coal, biological matter, food, and fodder) is pivotal to assess an element's toxicity, bioavailability, environmental mobility, and biogeochemical performance. Recently, new analytical techniques have been developed, which greatly simplified the quantitation of many trace elements and considerably extended their detection range. In this context, the development of reproducible and accurate techniques for trace element analysis in different media using spectroscopic instrumentation is continuously updated.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Mineral Elements in Food by : Miguel de la Guardia
Download or read book Handbook of Mineral Elements in Food written by Miguel de la Guardia and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-05-06 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mineral elements are found in foods and drink of all different types, from drinking water through to mothers’ milk. The search for mineral elements has shown that many trace and ultratrace-level elements presented in food are required for a healthy life. By identifying and analysing these elements, it is possible to evaluate them for their specific health-giving properties, and conversely, to isolate their less desirable properties with a view to reducing or removing them altogether from some foods. The analysis of mineral elements requires a number of different techniques – some methods may be suitable for one food type yet completely unsuited to another. The Handbook of Mineral Elements in Food is the first book to bring together the analytical techniques, the regulatory and legislative framework, and the widest possible range of food types into one comprehensive handbook for food scientists and technologists. Much of the book is based on the authors’ own data, most of which is previously unpublished, making the Handbook of Mineral Elements in Food a vital and up-to-the-minute reference for food scientists in industry and academia alike. Analytical chemists, nutritionists and food policy makers will also find it an invaluable resource. Showcasing contributions from international researchers, and constituting a major resource for our future understanding of the topic, the Handbook of Mineral Elements in Food is an essential reference and should be found wherever food science and technology are researched and taught.
Book Synopsis Chemical Speciation in the Environment by : A. M. Ure
Download or read book Chemical Speciation in the Environment written by A. M. Ure and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considerable recent research has focused on the topic of chemical speciation in the environment. It is increasingly realised that the distribution, mobility and biological availability of chemical elements depend not simply on their concentrations but, critically, on the forms in which they occur in natural systems. Continuing developments in analytical chemistry have made speciation practicable even where analytes are present at trace levels (as is often the case in natural samples). In the second edition of this book, the expertise of scientists involved in chemical speciation in various fields have been brought together to provide an overview of the current status of speciation science and indicate how the field may develop in the future.
Book Synopsis Environmental Problems in Marine Biology by : Tamara Garcia Barrera
Download or read book Environmental Problems in Marine Biology written by Tamara Garcia Barrera and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-07-12 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marine environment can be affected by several pollutants such as the presence of elements and their chemical species, pharmaceuticals, nanoparticles and other emerging contaminants. Environmental monitoring can be assessed by genomics, proteomics (i.e. redox proteomics), chemical speciation analysis and metallomics, metabolomics as well as other advanced strategies. The present book is a useful methodological tool for researchers and specialists in the field of analytical chemistry, environmental sciences, biochemistry, genomics and toxicology. The book includes for the first time the methodological aspects and applications related to chemical speciation and –omics strategies applied to marine environment.
Book Synopsis Environmental Aspects of Trace Elements in Coal by : D.J. Swaine
Download or read book Environmental Aspects of Trace Elements in Coal written by D.J. Swaine and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Happy he who could learn the causes of things (Virgil, Georgics 11) There is clearly a place for a book on the environmental aspects of trace elements in coal, especially with the increasing use of coal for power production. Our aim is to provide relevant background information and to update the situation regarding trace elements during beneficiation, combustion, .atmospheric deposition, leaching from wastes anti reclamation. The outcome is a balanced account of the overall situation. The initial chapter gives the rationale behind the planning of the book and puts the topics into the context of trace elements in the environment, while the final chapter summarises the subject matter and conclusions of each chapter. The choice of authors was based on their specialised knowledge. Although every effort has been made to ensure uniformity in layout, use of units, references and the like, authors have been given some latitude in expression and their styles have not been curbed. This book is intended primarily for coal scientists and technologists involved in environmental aspects of trace elements during the mining of coal, its beneficiation and usage, especially for power generation, and for regulatory bodies. It is considered to be suitable for relevant postgraduate courses. Just as it has been said that one of Bruckner's symphonies has enough melodies for a Beethoven to have written ten symphonies, so this book has several chapters that could be themes for other books.
Book Synopsis Extended Abstracts, Fourth International Conference on the Biogeochemistry of Trace Elements by :
Download or read book Extended Abstracts, Fourth International Conference on the Biogeochemistry of Trace Elements written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 836 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
