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Artificial Imprinting Of Lake Roosevelt Kokanee Salmon Oncorhynchus Nerka With Synthetic Chemicals
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Book Synopsis Artificial Imprinting of Lake Roosevelt Kokanee Salmon (Oncorhynchus Nerka) with Synthetic Chemicals by : Allan T. Scholz
Download or read book Artificial Imprinting of Lake Roosevelt Kokanee Salmon (Oncorhynchus Nerka) with Synthetic Chemicals written by Allan T. Scholz and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Lake Roosevelt Fisheries Monitoring Program ; Artificial Imprinting of Lake Roosevelt Kokanee Salmon (Oncorhynchus Nerka) with Synthetic Chemicals by :
Download or read book Lake Roosevelt Fisheries Monitoring Program ; Artificial Imprinting of Lake Roosevelt Kokanee Salmon (Oncorhynchus Nerka) with Synthetic Chemicals written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1991, we initiated studies to determine the critical period for thyroxine-induced olfactory imprinting in kokanee salmon. In our preliminary investigation we found that thyroxine [T4] levels of Lake Whatcom stock, 1990 year class, kokanee were relatively high in eggs and alevins as compared to post-swimup fry, and peaked at hatch and swimup. Here we report on follow-up studies conducted in 1992 designed to determine if our initial results could be replicated. Additionally, in 1992, we initiated experiments to determine if kokanee could be imprinted to synthetic chemicals--morpholine and phenethyl alcohol--at different life stages. In 1991, whole body thyroxine content [T4] was measured in 460 Lake Whatcom stock kokanee and 480 Lake Pend Orielle (Cabinet Gorge) stock kokanee to indicate the critical period for imprinting. Lots of 20 kokanee eggs, alevins and fry from both stocks, reared at the Spokane Tribal hatchery, were collected at weekly intervals from November 1991 to August 1992 and assayed for T4 content by radioimmunoassay. T4 levels were monitored in Lake Whatcom stock, 1991 year class fish, from eyed egg (33 days post-fertilization) to fry (248 days post-fertilization) stages. T4 concentration (± SEM) in eggs was 6.7 ± 1.3 rig/g body weight. T4 peaked on the day of hatch at 13.1 ± 2.5 ng/g body weight, then declined to 10.3 ± 1.1 ng/g body weight in recently post-hatch alevins. T4 peaked again at 22.1 ± 5.2 ng/g body weight during swimup, then steadily decreased to about 1.0 ng/g body weight in 176-248 day old fry. T4 levels were monitored in Lake Pend Orielle stock, 1991 year class, fish from the day of fertilization (day 0) to 225 days post-fertilization. T4 content of eggs was 9.5 ± 1.7 ng/g body weight and peaked on the day of hatch (day 53 post-fertilization) at 24.2 ± 4.5 ng/g body weight. After declining to 13.0 ± 2.9 ng/g body weight on day 81 post-fertilization, T4 peaked a second time during swimup (88-95 days post-fertilization) at 24.3 ± 3.8 ng/g body weight. After swimup, T4 concentration steadily declined to about 0.6 ng/g body weight in 225 day old post-fertilization fry. Thus, results of our 1992 investigations were consistent with our preliminary 1991 study. In all cases: (1) T4 concentration was relatively high in eggs and alevins as compared to older fry; and (2) T4 peaks occurred at hatch and swimup. Blood serum T4 concentration was measured in 9 month to 21 month-old Lake Whatcom stock, 1990 year class, kokanee from July 1991 to August 1992. T4 concentrations were low in summer, peaked slightly in October, were low in early winter, then peaked several times between January and May 1992. Thus, the 1990 year class Lake Whatcom kokanee evidenced high T4 activity from egg to swimup stages in their first year and in the winter and spring of their second year of life. The fish appeared to undergo smolt transformation between 16-18 months old. In 1992, Lake Whatcom (1991 cohort) kokanee were exposed to synthetic chemicals--1,072,000 to morpholine and 1,117,000 to phenethyl alcohol--at different life history stages: (1) eye to hatch; (2) hatch; (3) hatch to swimup; (4) swimup; and (5) post-swimup fry (in February, March, April and May-June). Additionally, Lake Whatcom (1990 cohort) kokanee were exposed to synthetic chemicals--36,000 to morpholine and 51,600 to phenethyl alcohol--at age 16-18 months. Most of these fish were marked and released in Lake Roosevelt in July and August 1992 as part of a field test. A portion of the fish from each group was retained at the Spokane Tribal hatchery until August-October 1993, when behavioral tests will be conducted to determine if the fish imprinted to their exposure odor.
Book Synopsis Recommendations to Amend the Resident Fish and Wildlife Sections of the Columbia River Basin Fish and Wildlife Program by :
Download or read book Recommendations to Amend the Resident Fish and Wildlife Sections of the Columbia River Basin Fish and Wildlife Program written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Artificial Imprinting and Smoltification in Juvenile Kokanee Salmon: Implications for Operating Lake Roosevelt Kokanee Salmon Hatcheries by : United States. Bonneville Power Administration
Download or read book Artificial Imprinting and Smoltification in Juvenile Kokanee Salmon: Implications for Operating Lake Roosevelt Kokanee Salmon Hatcheries written by United States. Bonneville Power Administration and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Measurement of Thyroxine Concentration as an Indicator of the Critical Period for Imprinting in Kokanee Salmon (Oncorhynchus Nerka) by :
Download or read book Measurement of Thyroxine Concentration as an Indicator of the Critical Period for Imprinting in Kokanee Salmon (Oncorhynchus Nerka) written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Smolt Transformation in Kokanee Salmon, Oncorhynchus Nerka Kennerlyi Suckley by : Mary Beth Tilson
Download or read book Smolt Transformation in Kokanee Salmon, Oncorhynchus Nerka Kennerlyi Suckley written by Mary Beth Tilson and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In 1991, two kokanee salmon hatcheries were built on Lake Roosevelt to mitigate for the loss of anadromous salmon due to construction of Grand Coulee Dam. Fish are released into Lake Roosevelt as 7-8 month old fry. To monitor hatchery effectiveness, kokanee salmon were tested for a variety of physiological, behavioral and morphological attributes to determine if they went through smelt transformation similar to other anadromous salmonid species. This would help in determining if fish were emmigrating out of Lake Roosevelt and over Grand Coulee Dam at some point after stocking. Yearling fish,12-19 months old, retained at the Spokane Tribal Hatchery were tested at monthly intervals for plasma thyroxine, gill Na-K+ ATPase activity, condition factor, silvering, salinity tolerance, salinity preference and downstream migratory behavior. Results indicated a significant peak in plasma thyroxine in February and a smaller peak in April. Basal levels of thyroxine were 11.0 ng/ml compared to 15.2 ng/ml at peak. Gill ATPase increased from 5.1 [micro]mol P[subscript]i mg Protein−1 h−1 in January to 13.7 [micro]moI P[subscript]i mg Protein−1 h−1 in April, and condition factor decreased from 1.3 to 0.82 at this time. Silvering started to increase in February and continued through the spring. Blood plasma osmolarity of fish held in 0, 1 0, and 20 ppt stayed around isosmotic levels (330 mOsm/l), but the osmolarity of fish held in 30 ppt were significantly higher than fish held in freshwater, and osmolarity remained elevated from January through April, ( -569 mOsm/l) then decreased in May to near isosmotic levels (344 mOsm/l). In salinity tolerance tests, 100% of the fish survived in 0, 10, and 20 ppt salt water during all months tested (January- July). In 30 ppt salt water, 0% of the fish survived from January through April compared to 90-100% survival from May through July. Kokanee exhibited no preference to dilute salt water during the study period. Fish showed a slight preference to concentrated sea water in February (53%), but during March, April and May, fish exhibited an avoidance to salt water (43, 49, and 41% preference). In June, fish showed a strong avoidance to salt water (23% preference). Fish showed an increase in downsteam migratory behavior in March (66%) and again in May (65%). It appeared that kokanee underwent at least partial smelt transformation compared to other species of anadromous salmonids. These kokanee experienced thyroxine peaks, increased silvering, increased downstream migratory behavior and an increase in salt water adaptation at certain times of the year. If fish released from the hatchery as 7-8 month old fry experience similar transitions in Lake Roosevelt when they are 12-19 months old, these conditions may contribute to emmigration and entrainment through Grand Coulee Dam, and loss of the fish from Lake Roosevelt"--Document.
Book Synopsis Lake Whatcom Kokanee Salmon Investigations in Lake Roosevelt, 1998-2000 by : Holly J. McLellan
Download or read book Lake Whatcom Kokanee Salmon Investigations in Lake Roosevelt, 1998-2000 written by Holly J. McLellan and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Thyroid-induced Chemical Imprinting in Early Life Stages and Assessment of Smoltification in Kokanee Salmon: Implications for Operating Lake Roosevelt Kokanee Salmon Hatcheries by : Mary Beth Tilson
Download or read book Thyroid-induced Chemical Imprinting in Early Life Stages and Assessment of Smoltification in Kokanee Salmon: Implications for Operating Lake Roosevelt Kokanee Salmon Hatcheries written by Mary Beth Tilson and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Lake Roosevelt Fisheries Monitoring Program ; Measurement of Thyroxin Concentration as an Indicator of the Critical Period for Imprinting in the Kokanee Salmon (Orcorhynchus Nerka) Implications for Operating Lake Roosevelt Kokanee Hatcheries ; 1991 Supplement Report by :
Download or read book Lake Roosevelt Fisheries Monitoring Program ; Measurement of Thyroxin Concentration as an Indicator of the Critical Period for Imprinting in the Kokanee Salmon (Orcorhynchus Nerka) Implications for Operating Lake Roosevelt Kokanee Hatcheries ; 1991 Supplement Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Previous investigations have determined that thyroid hormone surges activate olfactory imprinting in anadromous salmonid smolts. The mechanism of action appears to require binding of thyroid hormones to receptors in brain cell nuclei, which stimulates neuron differentiation and wires a pattern of neuron circuitry that allows for the permanent storage of the imprinted olfactory memory. In this study, thyroxine concentrations [T4] were measured in 487 Lake Whatcom stock and 70 Lake Roosevelt stock Kokanee salmon to indicate the critical period for imprinting. Eggs, alevins and fry, reared at the Spokane Indian Kokanee Hatchery, were collected from January through August 1991. Sampled fish were flash frozen on dry ice and stored at -80°C until T4 was extracted and concentrations determined by radioimmunassay. Mean concentration " SEM of 10--20 individual fish (assayed in duplicate) were determined for each time period. T4 concentration peaked on the day of hatch at 16.8 ng/g body weight and again at swim-up at 16.0 " 4.7 ng/g body weight. T4 concentration was 12.5 to 12.9 ng/g body weight in eggs, 7.1 to 15.2 ng/g body weight in. alevins, 4.5 to 11.4 ng/g body weight in 42 to 105 day old fry and 0.1 to 2.9 ng/g body weight in 112 to 185 day old fry. T4 concentrations were highest in eggs at 13.3 " 2.8 ng/g body weight, then steadily decreased to 0.1 " 0.1 ng/g body weight in older fry. Fry were released in Lake Roosevelt tributaries in July and August 1991, at about 170--180 days post hatching, in order to imprint them to those sites. The results of this study indicate that the time of release was not appropriate for imprinting. If T4 levels are an accurate guide for imprinting in kokanee, our results suggest that the critical period for imprinting in kokanee is at hatching or swim-up stages.
Book Synopsis Mechanisms of Migration in Fishes by : James D. McCleave
Download or read book Mechanisms of Migration in Fishes written by James D. McCleave and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-13 with total page 567 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The last major synthesis of our knowledge of fish migration and the underlying transport and guidance phenomena, both physical and biological, was "Fish Migration" published 16 years ago by F.R. Harden Jones (1968). That synthesis was based largely upon what could be gleaned by classical fishery-biology techni.ques, such as tagging and recapture studies, commercial fishing statistics, and netting and trapping studies. Despite the fact that Harden Jones also provided, with a good deal of thought and speculation, a theoretical basis for studying the various aspects of fish migration and migratory orientation, progress in this field has been, with a few excepti.ons, piecemeal and more disjointed than might have been expected. Thus we welcomed the approach from the NATO Marine Sciences Programme Panel and the encouragement from F.R. Harden Jones to develop a proprosal for, and ultimately to organize, a NATO Advanced Research Institute (ARI) on mechanisms of fish migration. Substantial progress had been made with descriptive, analytical and predictive approaches to fish migration since the appearance of "Fish ~ligration." Both because of the progress and the often conflicting results of research, we felt that the time was again right and the effort justified to synthesize and to critically assess our knowledge. Our ultimate aim was to identify the gains and shortcomings and to develop testable hypotheses for the next decade or two.
Book Synopsis Impacts of Construction Activities in Wetlands of the United States by : Rezneat M. Darnell
Download or read book Impacts of Construction Activities in Wetlands of the United States written by Rezneat M. Darnell and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Conservation Biology for All by : Navjot S. Sodhi
Download or read book Conservation Biology for All written by Navjot S. Sodhi and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2010-01-08 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conservation Biology for All provides cutting-edge but basic conservation science to a global readership. A series of authoritative chapters have been written by the top names in conservation biology with the principal aim of disseminating cutting-edge conservation knowledge as widely as possible. Important topics such as balancing conversion and human needs, climate change, conservation planning, designing and analyzing conservation research, ecosystem services, endangered species management, extinctions, fire, habitat loss, and invasive species are covered. Numerous textboxes describing additional relevant material or case studies are also included. The global biodiversity crisis is now unstoppable; what can be saved in the developing world will require an educated constituency in both the developing and developed world. Habitat loss is particularly acute in developing countries, which is of special concern because it tends to be these locations where the greatest species diversity and richest centres of endemism are to be found. Sadly, developing world conservation scientists have found it difficult to access an authoritative textbook, which is particularly ironic since it is these countries where the potential benefits of knowledge application are greatest. There is now an urgent need to educate the next generation of scientists in developing countries, so that they are in a better position to protect their natural resources.
Book Synopsis Management of Wildlife and Fish Habitats in Forests of Western Oregon and Washington: Chapter narratives by :
Download or read book Management of Wildlife and Fish Habitats in Forests of Western Oregon and Washington: Chapter narratives written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pacific Salmon written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Wildlife-habitat Relationships in Oregon and Washington by : David H. Johnson
Download or read book Wildlife-habitat Relationships in Oregon and Washington written by David H. Johnson and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 764 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides information about the terrestrial, freshwater, and marine habitats of Oregon and Washington and the wildlife that depend upon them; it also supports broader and more consistent conservation planning, management, and research. The 27 chapters identify 593 wildlife species, define some 300 wildlife terms, profile wildlife communities, review introduced and extirpated species and species at risk, and discuss management approaches. The volume includes color and bandw photographs, maps, diagrams, and illustrations; and the accompanying CD-ROM contains additional wildlife data (60,000 records), maps, and seven matrixes that link wildlife species with their respective habitat types. Johnson is a wildlife biologist, engineer, and habitat scientist; and O'Neill is director of the Northwest Habitat Institute; they worked together on this publication project as its managing directors. Annotation copyrighted by Book News Inc., Portland, OR
Book Synopsis Bald Eagles in Alaska by : Philip F. Schempf
Download or read book Bald Eagles in Alaska written by Philip F. Schempf and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An expansive collection of papers and articles from internationally recognized bald eagle experts. Presented is a complete portrait of the status and ecology of the bald eagle in Alaska.A collection of papers and articles from international bald eagle experts, which present a complete portrait of the status and ecology of the bald eagle in Alaska. Myriad topics include culture, biology, population history and status, conservation and management, the Alaskan habitat from the northern rainforest to the Aleutian Islands, attitudes from diverse groups from the Tlingit to bounty hunters, along with sound scientific data.
Book Synopsis Effects of Suspended Solids and Sediment of Reproduction and Early Life of Warmwater Fishes by : Corvallis Environmental Research Laboratory
Download or read book Effects of Suspended Solids and Sediment of Reproduction and Early Life of Warmwater Fishes written by Corvallis Environmental Research Laboratory and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
