Application Of Efficient Frameworks For Joint Simulation Of Multi Element Mineral Deposits And Stochastic Optimization Of Open Pit Mine Production Scheduling

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Application of Efficient Frameworks for Joint Simulation of Multi-element Mineral Deposits and Stochastic Optimization of Open Pit Mine Production Scheduling

Author : Mario De Freitas Silva
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (99 download)

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Book Synopsis Application of Efficient Frameworks for Joint Simulation of Multi-element Mineral Deposits and Stochastic Optimization of Open Pit Mine Production Scheduling by : Mario De Freitas Silva

Download or read book Application of Efficient Frameworks for Joint Simulation of Multi-element Mineral Deposits and Stochastic Optimization of Open Pit Mine Production Scheduling written by Mario De Freitas Silva and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The optimization of open pit mine production scheduling (OPMPS) is an intricate process due to its size and uncertainty of key input parameters. Over the last decade, substantial effort has been made towards the development of new stochastic frameworks that incorporates uncertainty into the decision process. However, due to the intrinsic complexity of the mathematical programming formulation and the large size of mineral deposits, finding an exact solution for the OPMPS is likely intractable. In addition to that, modelling the joint spatial uncertainty of mineral deposits accounting for several correlated geological attributes, significantly increases the complexity of these stochastic frameworks. These observations motivate the development of new computationally efficient approaches for generating joint stochastic simulations of a deposit and for solving the OPMPS under geological uncertainty. This thesis considers both aspects in its two main parts.In the first part of this thesis, an efficient heuristic solution approach is applied and tested to the stochastic mine production scheduling of a relatively large gold mine containing about 120 thousand blocks and considering a set of fifteen geological scenarios generated stochastically. The stochastic integer programming (SIP) formulation addresses multiple processing streams and a 'grade' stockpile which adds flexibility to the specific operation by advancing the processing of highly valuable material. The solution approach tested herein, first generates an initial feasible solution by sequentially solving the stochastic OPMPS period by period and afterwards, a network flow algorithm is used to sequentially search for further improvements. In this network graph the nodes identify candidate blocks which might have their extraction either postponed or advanced, aiming for new schedule with higher values and lower risk. The results show that production schedules with low deviations from production expectations can be generated in a reasonable time for an actual mining environment.In the second part, an efficient joint simulation framework is demonstrated though an application to Vale's Puma deposit, a major nickel laterite asset in Brazil. To integrate the variability of the revolting profiles, their 'true' thicknesses are jointly simulated using min/max autocorrelation factor (MAF). The realizations serve as geological boundaries within which Ni, Co, Fe, SiO2, MgO and dry-tonnage factor (DTF) can be jointly simulated directly at block support scale. The final result is a set of equiprobable representations of the deposit that incorporates both grade and tonnage uncertainty. These simulations can be used to assess the uncertainty about key aspects of the project, such as strict control of the ore's quality that feeds the metallurgical plant. The framework explored takes advantage of the MAF and direct block simulation approaches which facilitate the joint simulation of large multi-element deposits." --

A Study of Simultaneous Stochastic Optimization of Open Pit Mining Complexes

Author : Ziad Saliba
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (111 download)

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Book Synopsis A Study of Simultaneous Stochastic Optimization of Open Pit Mining Complexes by : Ziad Saliba

Download or read book A Study of Simultaneous Stochastic Optimization of Open Pit Mining Complexes written by Ziad Saliba and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Over the last several years advances in the field of mine planning have led to the development of cutting-edge simultaneous stochastic optimization frameworks for mining complexes. The latest methods consider mining operations as a resource-to-market integrated mineral value that transforms raw in-situ materials into sellable products, a mining complex. Simultaneous stochastic optimization frameworks make use of a paradigm shift that considers the value of the sellable products, as opposed to economic block values, to drive the optimization process and capitalize on the synergies between the central, interrelated components of a mining complex. These methods maximize the value of mining operations and manage technical risk by incorporating uncertainty directly into unified optimization formulations. This thesis studies the simultaneous stochastic optimization framework through two real-world case studies, applying the methods and assessing their characteristics and limitations. The second chapter of this thesis presents an application of a stochastic framework that simultaneously optimizes mining, destination and processing decisions for a multi-pit, multi-processor gold mining complex with challenging geochemical processing constraints. The framework accounts for supply and market uncertainty via stochastic orebody and commodity price simulations as inputs to a unified optimization model. The case study notably assesses the impacts of integrating market uncertainty as input that influences all components of the production schedule. Additionally, cut-off grade decisions are determined by the simultaneous optimization process, considering material variability and operating constraints while reducing the number of a-priori decisions to be made. This approach generates solutions that capitalize on the synergies between extraction sequencing, cut-off grade optimization, blending and processing while managing and quantifying risk in strategic plans. Which ultimately leads to more metal production and higher NPVs than traditional methods. The third chapter applies an extension of the generalized simultaneous stochastic optimization formulation that considers capital expenditure (CapEx) options as part of the life-of-asset planning process. Enabling the case study to consider environmental issues relating to tailings management and model a tailings facility expansion. The application at a multi-element open pit mining complex simultaneously optimizes the extraction sequence, cut-off grades, and downstream decisions from two open-pits with a set of stockpiling options, an autoclave and a tailings storage facility. The project bottleneck is the tailings facility volume because it stores both process tails, and potentially acid-generating waste rock from the mines. Results show that, when given the option, the optimizer chooses to make a significant CapEx investment to expand the tailings storage facility 25% by volume. This expansion allows for a meaningful expansion of both pit limits, 40% by mass, resulting in an extended metal production and revenue generation horizon that yields 14% more gold ounces and a 4% improvement in NPV for the mining complex. The framework provides decision makers with a realistic evaluation of the investment's impact on the mining complex." --

Ore Reserve Estimation and Strategic Mine Planning

Author : Roussos Dimitrakopoulos
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9781402044120
Total Pages : 325 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (441 download)

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Book Synopsis Ore Reserve Estimation and Strategic Mine Planning by : Roussos Dimitrakopoulos

Download or read book Ore Reserve Estimation and Strategic Mine Planning written by Roussos Dimitrakopoulos and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-15 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mining business faces continual risks in producing metals and raw materials under fluctuating market demand. At the same time, the greatest uncertainty driving the risk and profitability of mining investments is the geological variability of mineral deposits. This supply uncertainty affects the prediction of economic value from the initial valuation of a mining project through mine planning, design and production scheduling. This book is the first of its kind, presenting state-of-the-art stochastic simulation and optimization techniques and step-by-step case studies. Quantification of geological uncertainty through new efficient conditional simulation techniques for large deposits, integration of uncertainty to stochastic optimization formulations for design and production scheduling and the concurrent management of risk are shown to create flexibility, options and oportunities, increase asset value, cashflows and return on investment. New approaches introduced include resource/reserve risk quantification, cost-effective drilling programs, pit design and long-term production scheduling optimization with simulated orebodies, ore reserve classification, geologic risk discounting, waste managing and demand driven scheduling, risk assessment in meeting project production schedules ahead of mining, risk based optimal stope design, options valuation when mining. Applications include commodities such as gold, copper, nickel, iron ore, coal and diamonds.

The Stochastic Optimization of Long and Short-term Mine Production Schedules Incorporating Uncertainty in Geology and Equipment Performance

Download The Stochastic Optimization of Long and Short-term Mine Production Schedules Incorporating Uncertainty in Geology and Equipment Performance PDF Online Free

Author : Matthew Quigley
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (979 download)

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Book Synopsis The Stochastic Optimization of Long and Short-term Mine Production Schedules Incorporating Uncertainty in Geology and Equipment Performance by : Matthew Quigley

Download or read book The Stochastic Optimization of Long and Short-term Mine Production Schedules Incorporating Uncertainty in Geology and Equipment Performance written by Matthew Quigley and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Mine production scheduling consists of defining the extraction sequence and process allocation of mineralized material over some length of time. These decisions can be made at different time steps, which will entail varying objectives subject to different technical and operational constraints. Long-term mine production scheduling usually takes place at an annual scale for the entire life of mine and aims to maximize the net present value of the project while satisfying the mining and processing capacities. Short-term mine production scheduling consists of developing an extraction sequence on a shorter time scale, either months, weeks, or days. The goal is typically to maximize compliance with the production targets imposed by the long-term plan while considering more detailed operational constraints. Historically, these optimization frameworks have relied on the assumption of perfect knowledge of highly uncertain inputs. Developments in the field of stochastic mine planning have shown that incorporating uncertainty into the optimization of mine production schedules can add significant economic value while also minimizing the risk of deviating from production targets. This thesis will explore the benefits that stochastic mine planning can offer when applied to both long and short-term production scheduling problems.For the first exercise, the long-term mine production schedule of a rare earth element (REE) project is generated under geological uncertainty using a stochastic optimization framework. The uncertainty in REE grades is modelled using an efficient joint-simulation technique to preserve the strong cross-element relationships. The proposed approach avoids the use of the conventional total rare earth oxide grade. The stochastic long-term schedule is benchmarked against a deterministic schedule generated using an industry standard optimizer. The stochastic solution generates a 20% increase in expected NPV, ensures better utilization of the processing plant, and delivers a superior ore feed in terms of satisfying mineral and REE blending targets.For the second exercise, a formulation is proposed that simultaneously optimizes the short-term equipment plan and production schedule under both geological and equipment performance uncertainty. The proposed approach rectifies certain limitations of previous work in stochastic short-term planning by: incorporating a location-dependant shovel movement optimization; generating more realistic equipment performance scenarios; developing a new approach to facilitate more practical mine designs; and proposing model improvements to allow for a more efficient optimization of very large problem instances. The model is applied to a large copper mining complex and is compared to a more traditional approach, where the same formulation is implemented using averaged inputs for geology and equipment performance. The stochastic solution is more effective in mitigating the risk of deviating from tonnage targets at each processing destination, and the integration of equipment performance variability allows the stochastic optimizer to generate a block extraction sequence that is far more likely to be achieved." --

Advances in Applied Strategic Mine Planning

Author : Roussos Dimitrakopoulos
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319693204
Total Pages : 784 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (196 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Applied Strategic Mine Planning by : Roussos Dimitrakopoulos

Download or read book Advances in Applied Strategic Mine Planning written by Roussos Dimitrakopoulos and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-01-17 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a collection of papers on topics in the field of strategic mine planning, including orebody modeling, mine-planning optimization and the optimization of mining complexes. Elaborating on the state of the art in the field, it describes the latest technologies and related research as well as the applications of a range of related technologies in diverse industrial contexts.

An Application of Simultaneous Stochastic Optimization in Mining Complexes and Integrating Mine-to-port Transportation

Author : Mélanie LaRoche-Boisvert
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (125 download)

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Book Synopsis An Application of Simultaneous Stochastic Optimization in Mining Complexes and Integrating Mine-to-port Transportation by : Mélanie LaRoche-Boisvert

Download or read book An Application of Simultaneous Stochastic Optimization in Mining Complexes and Integrating Mine-to-port Transportation written by Mélanie LaRoche-Boisvert and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A mineral value chain or mining complex is an integrated system representing all components of a mining operation for the extraction, transportation and transformation of material, from sources (open pit and underground mines) to customers or the spot market. Simultaneous stochastic optimization aims to optimize all components of a mineral value chain, including extraction schedules for the mines, stockpile management, processing and transportation scheduling, jointly to capitalize on the synergies that exist within the system. Additionally, the simultaneous stochastic optimization approach incorporates material supply or geological uncertainty using equally probable geostatistical (stochastic) simulations of the attributes of interest of the deposits. The incorporation of material supply uncertainty allows the approach to manage the related major technical risks.The first contribution of this thesis is the application of simultaneous stochastic optimization at a three-mine open pit gold mining complex, incorporating material supply uncertainty using stochastic simulations of the gold grades of each deposit. The case study maximizes the net present value of the operation by generating life-of-mine schedules for each deposit considered and stockpile management plans, which maximize gold production and minimize the associated costs. The study also assesses the impacts of material hardness on the processing facilities, notably the SAG mill, and the recovered gold. This assessment indicates that the SAG mill is the bottleneck of the operation; due to the lack of availability of soft material in the considered deposits, the throughput of material at the SAG mill is significantly lowered. The second contribution of this thesis is a new stochastic mathematical programming formulation jointly optimizing long-term extraction scheduling and mine-to-port transportation scheduling for mining complexes under supply uncertainty. Mine-to-port transportation systems represent an important component of certain mining complexes, such as iron ore mining complexes, ensuring that extracted products reach their intended clients. This component of the mineral value chain has not been included in previous simultaneous stochastic optimization formulations, ignoring the interactions between the transportation system and the other components of the mining complex. The proposed model simultaneously optimizes extraction scheduling, stockpile management, mine-to-port transportation scheduling and blending under material supply uncertainty. It aims to minimize the costs associated with meeting quantity and quality demand for the products at the port, managing the risks associated with the material supply uncertainty using stochastic simulations of grades. The model is applied to an iron ore mining complex consisting of two open pit mines, each with a waste dump, a stockpile and a loading area, connected to a single port by a railway system. Material is transported by two trains. At the port, demand for two products are considered, each with quality constraints relating to five elements. Stochastic simulations of the five elements considered are used to represent the material supply uncertainty. By optimizing the extraction and the mine-to-port transportation jointly, the case study is able to determine that only the first train is necessary to transport material to meet demand at the port for the first three years of mine life; for the remainder, the second train is also needed. As such, the second train could be allocated to another operation for better use during the first three years of operation or its purchase could be delayed. The model provides decision makers with a realistic use of the mine-to-port transportation system"--

Mineral Resource Estimation

Author : Mario E. Rossi
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402057172
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Mineral Resource Estimation by : Mario E. Rossi

Download or read book Mineral Resource Estimation written by Mario E. Rossi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-21 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mineral resource estimation has changed considerably in the past 25 years: geostatistical techniques have become commonplace and continue to evolve; computational horsepower has revolutionized all facets of numerical modeling; mining and processing operations are often larger; and uncertainty quantification is becoming standard practice. Recent books focus on historical methods or details of geostatistical theory. So there is a growing need to collect and synthesize the practice of modern mineral resource estimation into a book for undergraduate students, beginning graduate students, and young geologists and engineers. It is especially fruitful that this book is written by authors with years of relevant experience performing mineral resource estimation and with years of relevant teaching experience. This comprehensive textbook and reference fills this need.

Unifed Modelling and Simultaneous Optimization of Open Pit Mining Complexes with Supply Uncertainty

Author : Ryan Goodfellow
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis Unifed Modelling and Simultaneous Optimization of Open Pit Mining Complexes with Supply Uncertainty by : Ryan Goodfellow

Download or read book Unifed Modelling and Simultaneous Optimization of Open Pit Mining Complexes with Supply Uncertainty written by Ryan Goodfellow and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A mining complex is an integrated business that extracts materials from open pit or underground mines, treats extracted materials via a series of processing facilities that are interconnected by various material handling methods, and generates a set of products that are sold and delivered to customers and/or the spot market. The primary objective when optimizing a mining complex is to maximize its value for the business and its stakeholders while obeying the technical constraints that limit production. This optimization is traditionally performed by treating the various components independently, leading to the suboptimal use of the natural resources and financial capital, and the underperformance of the mining complex. The global optimization of mining complexes aims to simultaneously optimize the mine production schedules, which define the distribution of materials over time, the destination policies, which define where extracted materials are sent, and the use of the various processing streams for processing, distribution and product marketing. As the size of the mining complex grows, there is a compounded effect that uncertainty has on the components, and new stochastic optimization methods are needed to manage this risk. This thesis aims to generate a unified modelling and global optimization methodology that integrates supply uncertainty and manages risk in the design and operation of mining complexes, and can be adapted to suit the needs and objectives of individual operations.This work advances the related field of knowledge through the development of new models and methods for optimizing mining complexes with uncertainty, which is achieved through five major contributions. First, a stochastic global optimization method is developed to simultaneously optimize multi-mine production schedules, destination policies, processing streams and capital expenditures for capacity design; while existing state-of-the-art methods may address some of these aspects, they have not been previously integrated in a simultaneous optimization model that does not rely on divvying up the global model into sub-problems. Second, a new, unified modelling approach is developed that permits the proposed methods to be tested on many different types of mining complexes with a high degree of modelling detail; as a result of this unified approach, non-linear relationships can easily be integrated in the optimization models - a limitation of existing deterministic and stochastic methods. Third, and a result of the previous development, a new approach is developed to model the economic value of the products sold, rather than the materials mined. Existing models and methods are limited by the assumption that each block has an economic value, hence the optimal processing stream is known a priori, and the block is treated and sold in isolation from other blocks; in some cases, this may lead to substantially undervaluing the resource. Using the new modelling approach, it is possible to evaluate the economic potential of products at the point of sale, rather than making these unrealistic assumptions at the block-level. Fourth, computationally efficient solvers are adapted and applied using metaheuristics. A combination of particle swarm optimization and a modified simulated annealing algorithm are developed to optimize various aspects of the global optimization problem; these methods have not been previously combined for mine optimization, and requires devising new methods to change designs and ensure that the optimizers do not get trapped in local optima. Finally, the performance, advantages and limitations of the models and methods are analyzed through full-field testing on real-world and large-scale examples. The results consistently reinforce the concept that it is possible to not only reduce the risk of not meeting production targets, thus guaranteeing financial forecasts are met, but also increase the net present value of the operation." --

Stochastic Optimization Approaches to Open Pit Mine Planning

Author : Andre Nascimento Leite
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (316 download)

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Book Synopsis Stochastic Optimization Approaches to Open Pit Mine Planning by : Andre Nascimento Leite

Download or read book Stochastic Optimization Approaches to Open Pit Mine Planning written by Andre Nascimento Leite and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

High-order Direct Block Support Simulation and Application at a Gold Mining Complex

Author : Joa̳o Pedro de Carvalho
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (111 download)

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Book Synopsis High-order Direct Block Support Simulation and Application at a Gold Mining Complex by : Joa̳o Pedro de Carvalho

Download or read book High-order Direct Block Support Simulation and Application at a Gold Mining Complex written by Joa̳o Pedro de Carvalho and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Over recent years, new methods have developed the mining production schedule stochastic optimization into a framework that includes, in one mathematical formulation, all the components of a mining complex and optimizes it simultaneously. A mining complex is a set of operations that integrate all aspects in a mineral value chain, starting from the materials extracted from the ground culminating with its transformations into a final product delivered to the mineral market. The framework diverges from past methods that optimize each operation of the mining complex separately, which do not benefit from the coexisting harmony between connected processors. Core inputs of this all-inclusive optimization are the geostatistical simulations quantifying variability and uncertainty of relevant attributes in a given mineral deposit. To date, the state-of-the-art simulation methods can reproduce complex geometries and multi-point connectivity of extreme values. However, the generated realizations are performed at the point-support which requires a post-processing step to generate block-support orebody models, as needed to represent the mineral deposit due to engineering purposes. For example, a multimillion block model requires discretization of the magnitude of hundreds of millions of nodes to simulate. This presents computational challenges in post-processing such a massive model. The first part of this thesis presents the high-order simulation method that generates realizations directly at the block support conditioned to the available data at point support scale. Following the sequential simulation paradigm, the method estimates, at each block location, the cross-support joint probability density function using Legendre-like splines as the set of basis functions needed. The previously simulated blocks are added to the set of conditioning data, which initially contains the available drillhole data. A spatial template, defined by the configuration of the block to be simulated and related conditioning values in both support scales, is used to infer additional high-order statistics from a training image. First, the method is tested in a controlled environment, and the simulated realizations show consistent results reproducing major structures and high-order relations of data. Second, the method is used to simulate a gold deposit, and its efficiency is demonstrated by reproducing spatial statistics up to a fourth-order, coinciding with the ones present in the available drillhole data. The running time of generating one realization with the proposed approach is reduced by a factor of 5 when compared to the point-support version of the algorithm.The second part of the thesis presents a case study where the simulations of the gold deposit mentioned above are incorporated into the simultaneous optimization of a gold mining complex. The resulting life-of-mine (LOM) production schedule yields 5 to 16% higher net present value when compared to the case, where the same mining complex is optimized, but the deposit is modelled through a traditional simulation method based on two-points statistics. The comparison shows that incorporating simulations with more realistic connectivities of high-grade blocks, through the use of high-order direct block simulations, into the optimization results in a more informed LOM production schedule. This shows that the optimization can capitalize on the better understanding of the connectivity of high-grades." --

Surface Constrained Stochastic Life-of-mine Production Scheduling

Author : Alexandre Marinho de Almeida
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (922 download)

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Book Synopsis Surface Constrained Stochastic Life-of-mine Production Scheduling by : Alexandre Marinho de Almeida

Download or read book Surface Constrained Stochastic Life-of-mine Production Scheduling written by Alexandre Marinho de Almeida and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The maximization of mining project discounted cash flows by defining the best sequence of extraction of underground materials requires understanding the availability of uncertain metal quantities throughout the deposit. This thesis proposes two versions of a stochastic integer programming formulation based on surfaces to address the optimization of life-of-mine production scheduling, whereby the supply of metal is uncertain and described by a set of equally probable simulated orebody models. The first version of the proposed formulation maximizes discounted cash flows, controls risk of deviating from production targets and is implemented sequentially, facilitating production scheduling for relatively large mineral deposits. Applications show practical intricacies and computational efficiency. The second variant extends the first to a two-stage stochastic integer programming formulation that manages the risk of deviating from production targets. The sequential implementation is considered first for pit space discretization and it is followed by the life-of-mine production scheduling at a relatively large gold deposit. The case studies show the computational efficiency and suitability of the method for realistic size mineral deposits, with production targets controlled, risk postponed to later stages of production and improvements in expected NPV, when compared to deterministic industry practices." --

Proceedings of the 28th International Symposium on Mine Planning and Equipment Selection - MPES 2019

Author : Erkan Topal
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030339548
Total Pages : 515 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Proceedings of the 28th International Symposium on Mine Planning and Equipment Selection - MPES 2019 by : Erkan Topal

Download or read book Proceedings of the 28th International Symposium on Mine Planning and Equipment Selection - MPES 2019 written by Erkan Topal and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-29 with total page 515 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This conference proceedings presents the research papers in the field of mine planning and mining equipment including themes such as mine automation, rock mechanics, drilling, blasting, tunnelling and excavation engineering. The papers presents the recent advancement and the application of a range of technologies in the field of mining industry. It is of interest to the professionals who practice in mineral industry including but not limited to engineers, consultants, managers, academics, scientist, and government staff.

Stochastic Optimization of Stope Design and Long-term Underground Mining Production Scheduling for Sublevel Open Stoping Mining Operations

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Author : Matheus Furtado E. Faria
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (131 download)

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Book Synopsis Stochastic Optimization of Stope Design and Long-term Underground Mining Production Scheduling for Sublevel Open Stoping Mining Operations by : Matheus Furtado E. Faria

Download or read book Stochastic Optimization of Stope Design and Long-term Underground Mining Production Scheduling for Sublevel Open Stoping Mining Operations written by Matheus Furtado E. Faria and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Underground mine planning defines the design of technically producible economic material volumes and development openings, the sequence of multiple underground activities, and the material destinations within a mineral deposit throughout the mine's life, aiming to maximize the net present value (NPV). Due to the existence of different mining methods and the inherent operational and computational complexities, this planning is commonly performed through a stepwise optimization process in which the stope layout is preliminarily designed. Subsequently, the network of developments interconnecting the production areas is conceived, defining the precedence of underground mining activities. Finally, the strategic underground mine production scheduling is optimized, the only step that accounts for the time value of money. Available optimization methods have been focused separately on each of the planning steps, which do not benefit from the synergies between the planning steps. Additionally, most of the previously mentioned methods are deterministic; that is, they neglect many sources of uncertainty, which has been extensively demonstrated to have a significant impact on the profitability and feasibility of mining operations. Therefore, this thesis proposes stochastic optimization methods for underground mines by employing a sublevel open stoping mining method and ultimately attempts to integrate the mine design and production scheduling into a single optimization framework. The first part of this thesis presents a stochastic optimization method of stope design along with the commonly used sequential underground mine planning framework. A set of geostatistical simulations is used to quantify the variability and uncertainty of grades within the mineral deposit. The proposed method aims to maximize the undiscounted profit while capitalizing on the upside potential in terms of recoverable metal of the generated stope layout. It also accounts for the development costs of potential production levels and stopes. The application of this stochastic approach at an underground gold mine achieved a 40% higher undiscounted profit and 21% recoverable metal when benchmarked against an industry-standard deterministic stope design software tool. The second part of this thesis presents an integrated stochastic optimization of stope design and long-term underground mine production scheduling by integrating time-dependent development costs and production targets. The mathematical model seeks to maximize the NPV from the scheduled stopes, as well as to minimize the shaft, drifts and crosscuts development costs and maintenance costs to keep the levels in operation while managing the risk of failing to meet yearly productions targets. Therefore, an optimal underground mine design is yielded as an output from the optimized production schedule. The method also opens new avenues to account for time-dependent sources of uncertainty that cannot be incorporated into the stope design optimization in the sequential underground mine planning framework. A case study at an underground gold mine demonstrates that the proposed method generates more selective stopes and physically different production levels, which correspond to an 11% higher NPV and a shorter life-of-mine by two years, as compared to the sequential optimization framework"--

CIM ICM Bulletin Technical Papers

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 254 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis CIM ICM Bulletin Technical Papers by :

Download or read book CIM ICM Bulletin Technical Papers written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Applied Geostatistics with SGeMS

Author : Nicolas Remy
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139473468
Total Pages : 302 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Applied Geostatistics with SGeMS by : Nicolas Remy

Download or read book Applied Geostatistics with SGeMS written by Nicolas Remy and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-04-14 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Stanford Geostatistical Modeling Software (SGeMS) is an open-source computer package for solving problems involving spatially related variables. It provides geostatistics practitioners with a user-friendly interface, an interactive 3-D visualization, and a wide selection of algorithms. This practical book provides a step-by-step guide to using SGeMS algorithms. It explains the underlying theory, demonstrates their implementation, discusses their potential limitations, and helps the user make an informed decision about the choice of one algorithm over another. Users can complete complex tasks using the embedded scripting language, and new algorithms can be developed and integrated through the SGeMS plug-in mechanism. SGeMS was the first software to provide algorithms for multiple-point statistics, and the book presents a discussion of the corresponding theory and applications. Incorporating the full SGeMS software (now available from www.cambridge.org/9781107403246), this book is a useful user-guide for Earth Science graduates and researchers, as well as practitioners of environmental mining and petroleum engineering.

Exploring Stochastic Optimization in Open Pit Mine Design

Author : Francisco Rosendo Albor Consuegra
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (641 download)

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Book Synopsis Exploring Stochastic Optimization in Open Pit Mine Design by : Francisco Rosendo Albor Consuegra

Download or read book Exploring Stochastic Optimization in Open Pit Mine Design written by Francisco Rosendo Albor Consuegra and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Optimization of Mine Planning Aspects Under Uncertainty

Author : Rein Dirkx
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (979 download)

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Book Synopsis The Optimization of Mine Planning Aspects Under Uncertainty by : Rein Dirkx

Download or read book The Optimization of Mine Planning Aspects Under Uncertainty written by Rein Dirkx and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Mining operations typically face critical operational decisions based on uncertain information. This uncertainty is inherent to the mining process and cannot be overcome, as materials have to be extracted from underground, which can never be fully explored. This thesis addresses two pertinent aspects of many mining operations while directly incorporating this inherent uncertainty into the optimization. The uncertainty is used to our advantage by minimizing the resulting downside risk while maximizing the upside potential. The first aspect, addressed in Chapter 2, is the optimization of infill drilling schemes, a decision faced by every single mining operation on various scales. The second aspect, addressed in Chapter 3, focuses on the stochastic optimization of a production schedule of a block caving operation, a popular mass mining alternative to open pit mines. The optimization of infill drilling is based on a multi-armed bandit (MAB) framework. The novelty of this approach is the application of an advanced machine learning method like MAB to find an elegant solution to the infill drilling problem. The method is applied to a case study of a gold mining complex. The main issue in this mining complex is the uncertainty in their long-term, multi-element stockpiles on which the infill drilling optimization is performed. Stockpiles are often very variable, but their uncertainty can be quantified using conventional stochastic orebody modelling. Although the infill drilling optimization is applied to a stockpile, the proposed method is more general and can be applied to any deposit. The approach proposed in Chapter 3 is the first stochastic optimization approach for scheduling a block cave mine that explicitly includes grade and hang-up uncertainty into the optimization. Hang-up uncertainty is defined as the uncertainty related to ore that clogs the draw points due to aberrant fracturing. The grade uncertainty is incorporated via stochastic orebody simulations, similar to what has been employed for open pit operations in the past, while hang-up uncertainty, the main contribution of this work, is incorporated by tracking and minimizing the delays caused by hang-ups over multiple scenarios. The results of the case study show a reduction of the annual overtime incurred due to delays of 95 % when the hang-up uncertainty is included in the optimization compared to when hang-ups are ignored." --